ENTRY       gmx00900                    Pathway
NAME        Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis - Glycine max (soybean)
DESCRIPTION Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a large class of natural products consisting of isoprene (C5) units. There are two biosynthetic pathways, the mevalonate pathway [MD:M00095] and the non-mevalonate pathway or the MEP/DOXP pathway [MD:M00096], for the terpenoid building blocks: isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). The action of prenyltransferases then generates higher-order building blocks: geranyl diphosphate (GPP), farsenyl diphosphate (FPP), and geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), which are the precursors of monoterpenoids (C10), sesquiterpenoids (C15), and diterpenoids (C20), respectively. Condensation of these building blocks gives rise to the precursors of sterols (C30) and carotenoids (C40). The MEP/DOXP pathway is absent in higher animals and fungi, but in green plants the MEP/DOXP and mevalonate pathways co-exist in separate cellular compartments. The MEP/DOXP pathway, operating in the plastids, is responsible for the formation of essential oil monoterpenes and linalyl acetate, some sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and carotenoids and phytol. The mevalonate pathway, operating in the cytosol, gives rise to triterpenes, sterols, and most sesquiterpenes.
CLASS       Metabolism; Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides
PATHWAY_MAP gmx00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
MODULE      gmx_M00095  C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:gmx00900]
            gmx_M00096  C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:gmx00900]
            gmx_M00366  C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:gmx00900]
DBLINKS     GO: 0009240 0016091
ORGANISM    Glycine max (soybean) [GN:gmx]
GENE        100301901  DXS1; 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 1 [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100793268  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100798930  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100799983  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100799481  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100787937  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, chloroplastic isoform X2 [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100776569  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100789279  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100814637  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic isoform X2 [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100819373  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100786607  probable 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K01662] [EC:2.2.1.7]
            100805316  DXR2; putative 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase [KO:K00099] [EC:1.1.1.267]
            100790607  DXR1; 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00099] [EC:1.1.1.267]
            100784845  1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, chloroplastic [KO:K00099] [EC:1.1.1.267]
            100817632  2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K00991] [EC:2.7.7.60]
            100812541  4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00919] [EC:2.7.1.148]
            100779074  4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic [KO:K00919] [EC:2.7.1.148]
            100306378  2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01770] [EC:4.6.1.12]
            112998589  2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K01770] [EC:4.6.1.12]
            100819481  4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic [KO:K03526] [EC:1.17.7.1 1.17.7.3]
            100801743  4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic [KO:K03526] [EC:1.17.7.1 1.17.7.3]
            100805941  4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K03527] [EC:1.17.7.4]
            100818067  4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K03527] [EC:1.17.7.4]
            100804647  acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic 1 [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
            100500596  probable acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic 2 [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
            100780213  probable acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic 2 isoform X2 [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
            100776777  acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic 1 [KO:K00626] [EC:2.3.1.9]
            100782595  putative hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
            100788028  hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
            100777679  hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase-like protein [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
            100794889  hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
            100780554  hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase isoform X2 [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
            100786956  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase 1 [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100784330  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 1 [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100811237  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase 2-B [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100815480  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 3 [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100790033  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100779932  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 1 [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100777317  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 1 [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
            100820343  mevalonate kinase-like [KO:K00869] [EC:2.7.1.36]
            100810739  mevalonate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K00869] [EC:2.7.1.36]
            100810373  phosphomevalonate kinase, peroxisomal isoform X2 [KO:K00938] [EC:2.7.4.2]
            100818443  phosphomevalonate kinase, peroxisomal isoform X3 [KO:K00938] [EC:2.7.4.2]
            100785593  diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase MVD2, peroxisomal [KO:K01597] [EC:4.1.1.33]
            100800990  diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase MVD2, peroxisomal [KO:K01597] [EC:4.1.1.33]
            100792453  amino acid kinase superfamily protein [KO:K06981] [EC:2.7.4.26]
            100783078  isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase I [KO:K01823] [EC:5.3.3.2]
            100789313  isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase II-like [KO:K01823] [EC:5.3.3.2]
            100782137  uncharacterized protein LOC100782137 [KO:K00787] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10]
            100802347  farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 1 [KO:K00787] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10]
            100780374  solanesyl diphosphate synthase 3, chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K14066] [EC:2.5.1.1]
            100792725  solanesyl diphosphate synthase 3, chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K14066] [EC:2.5.1.1]
            100170743  GPPS; geranyl-diphosphate synthase [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100788186  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase-related protein, chloroplastic-like [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100815512  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100782362  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100778289  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100785539  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100798663  geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K13789] [EC:2.5.1.1 2.5.1.10 2.5.1.29]
            100783538  solanesyl diphosphate synthase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K05356] [EC:2.5.1.84 2.5.1.85]
            100805842  solanesyl diphosphate synthase 1, chloroplastic [KO:K05356] [EC:2.5.1.84 2.5.1.85]
            100801810  dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase 2 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100800068  dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase complex subunit NUS1 isoform X2 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100789922  dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase 2 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100796301  uncharacterized protein LOC100796301 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100794720  dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase CPT3 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100775552  rubber cis-polyprenyltransferase HRT2 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100815256  dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100818888  dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase complex subunit NUS1 [KO:K11778] [EC:2.5.1.87]
            100787525  geranylgeranyl diphosphate reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K10960] [EC:1.3.1.83 1.3.1.111]
            100779933  geranylgeranyl diphosphate reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K10960] [EC:1.3.1.83 1.3.1.111]
            100814603  geranylgeranyl diphosphate reductase, chloroplastic [KO:K10960] [EC:1.3.1.83 1.3.1.111]
            100814880  TPS9; tricyclene synthase EBOS, chloroplastic [KO:K12742] [EC:4.2.3.27]
            100782452  TPS3; tricyclene synthase EBOS, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K12742] [EC:4.2.3.27]
            100786684  TPS23; isoprene synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K12742] [EC:4.2.3.27]
            100801629  TPS8; isoprene synthase, chloroplastic [KO:K12742] [EC:4.2.3.27]
            100790130  uncharacterized protein LOC100790130 [KO:K05955] [EC:2.5.1.58 2.5.1.59]
            100811502  uncharacterized protein LOC100811502 [KO:K05955] [EC:2.5.1.58 2.5.1.59]
            100306703  ERA1B; farnesyltransferase ERA1B [KO:K05954] [EC:2.5.1.58]
            100814543  ERA1A; farnesyltransferase GMERA1A [KO:K05954] [EC:2.5.1.58]
            100790273  CAAX prenyl protease 2-like [KO:K08658] [EC:3.4.22.-]
            100783290  CAAX prenyl protease 2 [KO:K08658] [EC:3.4.22.-]
            100799658  CAAX prenyl protease 1 homolog [KO:K06013] [EC:3.4.24.84]
            100818360  CAAX prenyl protease 1 homolog [KO:K06013] [EC:3.4.24.84]
            100784645  protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase A [KO:K00587] [EC:2.1.1.100]
            100788814  probable isoprenylcysteine alpha-carbonyl methylesterase ICMEL2 [KO:K15889] [EC:3.1.1.-]
            106797289  isoprenylcysteine alpha-carbonyl methylesterase ICME [KO:K15889] [EC:3.1.1.-]
            100790850  isoprenylcysteine alpha-carbonyl methylesterase ICME [KO:K15889] [EC:3.1.1.-]
            100819877  farnesylcysteine lyase [KO:K05906] [EC:1.8.3.5 1.8.3.6]
            100792747  putative dihydroflavonol 4-reductase [KO:K15891] [EC:1.1.1.354]
            100793696  probable phytol kinase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K15892] [EC:2.7.1.216]
COMPOUND    C00022  Pyruvate
            C00024  Acetyl-CoA
            C00118  D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
            C00129  Isopentenyl diphosphate
            C00235  Dimethylallyl diphosphate
            C00332  Acetoacetyl-CoA
            C00341  Geranyl diphosphate
            C00353  Geranylgeranyl diphosphate
            C00356  (S)-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
            C00418  (R)-Mevalonate
            C00448  trans,trans-Farnesyl diphosphate
            C01107  (R)-5-Phosphomevalonate
            C01126  (2E,6E)-Farnesol
            C01143  (R)-5-Diphosphomevalonate
            C01230  all-trans-Hexaprenyl diphosphate
            C02321  cis-1,4-Polyisoprene
            C03461  2-trans,6-trans-Farnesal
            C04145  all-trans-Nonaprenyl diphosphate
            C04146  all-trans-Octaprenyl diphosphate
            C04216  all-trans-Heptaprenyl diphosphate
            C04506  Protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine
            C04574  di-trans,poly-cis-Undecaprenyl diphosphate
            C04748  Protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester
            C05427  Phytyl diphosphate
            C05859  ditrans,polycis-Polyprenyl diphosphate
            C06081  Polyprenol
            C11434  2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate
            C11435  4-(Cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
            C11436  2-Phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
            C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
            C11453  2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate
            C11811  1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-butenyl 4-diphosphate
            C16521  Isoprene
            C16826  2-cis,6-trans-Farnesyl diphosphate
            C17432  all-trans-Decaprenyl diphosphate
            C18321  trans,octacis-Decaprenyl diphosphate
            C19691  Farnesylcysteine
            C19760  2-cis,6-cis-Farnesyl diphosphate
            C19852  tritrans,heptacis-Undecaprenyl diphosphate
            C19853  trans,polycis-Polyprenyl diphosphate
            C20120  S-Farnesyl protein
            C20121  trans,trans-Farnesyl phosphate
            C20345  Isopentenyl phosphate
            C20847  (R)-Mevalonate 3-phosphate
            C20848  (R)-Mevalonate 3,5-bisphosphate
            C22453  trans-Anhydromevalonate phosphate
REFERENCE   PMID:12777052
  AUTHORS   Lange BM, Ghassemian M.
  TITLE     Genome organization in Arabidopsis thaliana: a survey for genes involved in isoprenoid and chlorophyll metabolism.
  JOURNAL   Plant Mol Biol 51:925-48 (2003)
            DOI:10.1023/A:1023005504702
REFERENCE   PMID:16262699
  AUTHORS   Saiki R, Nagata A, Kainou T, Matsuda H, Kawamukai M
  TITLE     Characterization of solanesyl and decaprenyl diphosphate synthases in mice and humans.
  JOURNAL   FEBS J 272:5606-22 (2005)
            DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04956.x
REFERENCE   PMID:9858571
  AUTHORS   Sato M, Sato K, Nishikawa S, Hirata A, Kato J, Nakano A
  TITLE     The yeast RER2 gene, identified by endoplasmic reticulum protein localization mutations, encodes cis-prenyltransferase, a key enzyme in dolichol synthesis.
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 19:471-83 (1999)
            DOI:10.1128/MCB.19.1.471
REFERENCE   PMID:24375100
  AUTHORS   Vannice JC, Skaff DA, Keightley A, Addo JK, Wyckoff GJ, Miziorko HM
  TITLE     Identification in Haloferax volcanii of phosphomevalonate decarboxylase and isopentenyl phosphate kinase as catalysts of the terminal enzyme reactions in an  archaeal alternate mevalonate pathway.
  JOURNAL   J Bacteriol 196:1055-63 (2014)
            DOI:10.1128/JB.01230-13
REL_PATHWAY gmx00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
            gmx00100  Steroid biosynthesis
            gmx00130  Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis
            gmx00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
            gmx00510  N-Glycan biosynthesis
            gmx00904  Diterpenoid biosynthesis
            gmx00906  Carotenoid biosynthesis
            gmx00908  Zeatin biosynthesis
            gmx00909  Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis
KO_PATHWAY  ko00900
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