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Hello! Today the Passaporte program begins a trip to China.
We are in Beijing, in the Palace of Celestial Peace.
You will enjoy today's program.
Let's go!
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To reach the popular Republic of China, we left Salvador,
made a connection in São Paulo, we followed to Dubai,
where we made a new connection and went to Beijing or Beijing,
as they say here.
This is the center of the city, the Palace of Celestial Peace,
considered the largest square in the world,
and for the Chinese, the heart of the country.
It took place in 1989,
from a great protest of students, workers and intellectuals
in favor of freedom and democracy.
About 100,000 protesters were severely repressed by the Chinese army,
resulting in a huge massacre and in many, many prisons.
Until today, China tries to hide this episode,
a reason for shame for the Chinese of today,
and that marked the world with the image of a man
in front of a war tank, trying to prevent his advance.
This man entered history as a unknown rebel,
and was elected by the Times as one of the most influential people
of the 20th century.
For more than 4,000 years, the Chinese political system
was based on hereditary monarchies known by dynasties.
The last one ended in 1911 with the founding of the Republic of China.
Until the middle of the 20th century, China was immersed in civil wars
and conflicts that politically divided the country.
Until in 1949, the popular republic of China was established
by the victorious communists, commanded by Mao Tse-tung,
declaring that the Chinese people stood up.
He promoted the so-called Cultural Revolution.
Until recently, the Chinese government was known as authoritarian,
communist and socialist.
There is still no freedom of press, freedom of religion,
of reproduction or of opinion.
The internet is also not totally free,
but China is now recognized by the world
as an emerging superpower.
Look, this building is the train station.
It was the first train station in Beijing.
Now it is no longer useful because it is too small,
very small.
Now we have three or four stations,
very, very large.
For example, the station is bigger, more or less,
it has a capacity for more or less 800,000 passengers per day.
800,000.
A big train station.
Here in the Palace of the Celestial Peace in Beijing,
there is a monument to the national heroes.
China has lived for 200 years of great suffering,
with an English invasion, domination and oppression of the people,
constantly losing wars.
Until evil, here in this square, raised the morale of this people
and called and proclaimed the Chinese to national pride.
A new story begins, a new journey begins.
Here in Beijing you can walk quietly on the streets.
Thank you, there is no robbery, there is no assault.
But the advice is that you take care of your bag
in the sense of preventing yourself from the boxers.
Therefore, they recommend that your bag be always empty
in your body, put in front of you.
And you need a very large care with the vendors and ambulance.
Because they start to offer all kinds of products,
souvenirs for $ 50, you end up buying for $ 3,000 or $ 2,000.
The fish here rolls out.
A big cold.
We are here at the beginning of winter.
And of course, I could not leave Beijing,
because it is so crowded.
I am Chinese, I am massive.
This is how you will see me from the cold.
Cold, that gives in the soul of people.
It hurts in the soul.
The ears are cold, the nose is cold, the cheeks are cold.
But anyway, let's stay here.
I am cool, I am in China.
I am in Beijing.
Today, the Chinese commemorate a certain freedom.
The opportunity, for example, to dress like us.
The democracy here is a conquest of every day.
Little by little, step by step, it arrives.
It has been 10 years since I was here.
It has changed a lot, it has grown a lot.
I am impressed.
It has changed how?
Everything, everything, everything.
Even the quality of the cars.
They prospered a lot in these 10 years.
So you lived in China for 10 years.
Wow!
No democracy here.
Guys, it is impressive.
We are together.
No democracy.
In the first world, I can say.
In the past, there were those old cars, the same.
We have them here in Cairo.
Everyone was busying on the street, a lot of bicycles.
I am not seeing anything of this here, ok?
It has changed a lot.
They have grown a lot.
They prospered a lot.
A lot, a lot, a lot.
Clothes, there were no clothes here in the Palace of the Celestial.
Our cars were parked on the other side.
We didn't even notice.
It was a summer, right?
That fog, the mass coming out of the floor.
Who could stand on the floor?
A lot of people.
They fry an egg on the floor.
I saw frying an egg on the floor.
It is true, my God.
It is a very extensive country, very big.
This is the issue of the population, my God.
Do you still feel a big difference of 10 years here?
Look, we just left the hotel, we couldn't see the movement I saw,
because we were right in the middle of the city.
I woke up at night to look at the people walking on the street
at 3 a.m. on bicycles.
My God, the people don't sleep.
They stay up and down.
I came and said,
let's go to work.
3 a.m. to go to work.
So, the fireman.
I didn't see anything of this.
It has changed a lot.
It has changed.
It has changed.
I was impressed.
I have a job for everyone during the day,
because I work all night.
Chinese people don't stop.
Let's travel.
Let's go to the forbidden city.
Ten amen.
The door of the Celestial Peace.
There is the symbol of China.
From there, we enter the forbidden city.
This is the entrance to the forbidden city.
Here we start to notice that we are in China.
Look at the number of people.
It is literally a fireman.
You can't miss it.
You can't take your eyes off the flag of Brazil.
They say to put your hand on the door of the forbidden city.
Good luck.
Give me your hand.
Thank you.
Thank you.
We are now going to enter the forbidden city
through the central door,
which is the largest of all.
In this door, only the emperor could pass.
At the time of the great emperors of China,
the system was polygamous.
There was an emperor in the Chinese dynasty
who came to have a thousand women
who entered the forbidden city
and passed through this door only once.
There, he lived with all these women at the same time.
Today, the Chinese are complaining.
China is a monarchy.
This is the forbidden city.
Notice the architecture of this place.
It is dazzling, wonderful.
Many emperors of the different dynasties lived here.
This is Jin, our guide here in Beijing.
Jin, tell us a little about the history of the forbidden city.
Now we are in the forbidden city.
It was built in the year 1406
and was finished in the year 1420.
In total, it took 14 years to finish the whole construction.
And from 1420 to 1924,
when the protagonist of Peroturuchi,
the last emperor of China, was expelled from here.
In total, there were 24 emperors of the last two dynasties.
One is Ming and the last one is Qin.
The imperial palace.
Now, this forbidden city is the imperial palace.
The largest and most preserved palace in the world.
What architecture is this?
What architecture?
Chinese architecture.
That is, all Chinese textile.
Especially the palaces.
Not dynasties.
They are all encased.
Dynasties are all encased.
Exactly.
How did they live here, Jin?
How did the emperors live here?
Did you tell that there was an emperor of the Dynasties, Ming,
that he got to have a thousand women?
Yes.
It was a time in China where the system was polygamous.
Yes, it is that the emperor in China,
before the United States,
we called the emperor as the son of the sky.
It is a reincarnation of the dragon.
That is why it was the superior person.
Any word the emperor said was not an order.
It was a law.
Therefore, the emperor had absolute power.
He could do anything he wanted.
So this door only entered the emperor?
Exactly.
Exactly.
This was the principal emperor.
Only.
And when they entered here, were they forbidden to leave?
The emperor could only pass once in his life through this central door.
When he wanted to leave,
he had to leave through other side doors.
Only once in his life.
How did they live here?
How was China at that time?
Well, the forbidden city had a part,
as written by the emperors and ministers,
another part of the emperors and their families.
They had a very good life.
There was everything.
There were emperors, many workers and emperors,
very precious.
Today, what is the forbidden city for you and the Chinese?
It is a great museum.
It is a great heritage.
You are not only a representative Chinese architecture,
but the soul of the emperors.
For you today, China begins to enter a very dear democracy process for you.
How is it to live in China today?
We are on a path to go up.
But on this path, it is not all flat, all perfect.
It is a path like this.
That is why when we experience a fall,
people also feel depressed.
Like now.
Now, frankly, it is a problem of the world.
The inflation is very high,
but that is not only about China, but about the world.
And by doing so, now the people are worried again.
But I believe that the history or the evolution of China is better for me.
It is better every time.
We are doing this.
We are going to know the city of life.
How not?
The lions kept the door of the forbidden city.
On the right side, the female.
On the left side, the male.
And how do you distinguish?
One from the other, if the first sight is absolutely the same.
The female has, under her leg,
the male.
And how do you distinguish?
One from the other, if the first sight is absolutely the same.
The female has, under her leg,
a lion.
The motherhood, taking care of her child.
The male has, under her leg, a lion.
And how do you distinguish?
One from the other, if the first sight is absolutely the same.
The first sight is absolutely the same.
Here is the emperor's office.
Here inside is his throne.
Unfortunately, we cannot enter.
But the story tells that the people who lived here,
in the forbidden city, could not face the emperor
at the same level, could not look at him in the eyes.
When he passed by the emperor, the order was
to lower his head.
All this part that you saw here in the forbidden city,
in fact, was the official part.
It was the administrative part of the emperor.
From here we can see all his extension.
It does not focus only on this nucleus,
but also on the whole of the city.
From that door, we will enter the residential area.
There are more than 900 residences.
It is not possible for us, in a single trip,
in a single passage through Beijing,
through the forbidden city,
to sell all its mystery,
to know all this construction,
all these buildings.
But there you will already have an idea
of how they lived here,
in addition to administering this empire.
Let's then go from the administrative area,
from the commercial area of the forbidden city,
to the residences.
We are going to enter the residential area.
We are going to enter the residential area.
This is the main part of the forbidden city,
to the residences.
It was the hard life of the women of the Chinese emperor.
Imagine you, with an emperor,
with more than 100 women,
there was one who reached more than 1000 women.
How to relate to these women?
The most beautiful were elected
by your most constant company,
the most ugly.
They were related to the emperor
every three months, or once a year.
When the emperor aged,
the older women were encouraged to take care of him.
After he died,
what to do with these women?
They were poisoned or forced.
They were poisoned.
