Fel nhau iweith datblygu a SAR-Ysbyty er lleol iawn – chael f slamiaud nos yng Ng hay 카메라
i ddechrau e
a pham y cyflwynydd o bwyd y моch yng ngarn,
lle sy'n rhan thym ni og yn gynnig some edrych ar gyflwyno wath
yn markings am dweud yng ngryffyddm eich Dczaeon,
ac i femnig maen nhw'n lôl adleid yr yw falch o daith yPeith tidol,
centre o ddyfodol yllafoedd.
And that is a very simple proposition,
however we know from our own experience and from those teams who have come and tried it
that it is a huge logistical exercise beyond that of building the car.
Infact, Vibhau Ockels, the famous European astronaut who is a faculty adviser to the five times
greadro Penoddedod tro yr oби'r немного sefydlu
ac y flu hydrochallner y maskingad aimig
yn teimlo fyddyingi.
Yniferthau wedi cael ei bobl yw linell yn ddeud,
ond ro wantsenn ride easy a sometimes ti'n有 southwest
ac isio elu yn fysgu am y Amraocaeth
bod ni'n torgyniad gynnyddol yma sy'n teimlo'n wneud.
Y cysylltyn y ffordd rydyn ni wedi mewn awyr yn 1970-a ffordd,
when there was a political crisis which stopped the tankers and stopped the oil flowing,
and it caused a huge political, huge social upheavals in the western world.
People queued and fought over a litre of petrol and the price went up five times
in the matter of six weeks and you can do your own sums now to say well if in the next six weeks
petrol cost five times that which it does now would that have an impact on the social structure
of our cities. One of the outcomes of that crisis in the early 70s was that motor racing was banned.
It wasn't felt that it was a suitable use for the precious resource in driving racing cars.
Pan wnaeth ym backlog,
Thalstrup, en��'r ffl contre maenion cuisine, dyn checkio newydd o bobl nesgu, a rydyn ni'r amserbackidyniedig yn cydlarnu'r hawl nag ei cadlothiaeth a'r höfnidion gwrdd wygaent chi oherwydd ym mhw тут bob y cw Hopeell.
Mae'r hawl diwrnod fllwangau i'w ddweud hyn, dyn ymarfer groom o berthetaetheth i gwas gameplay Saeladau, llwyddon a nu cymwy llei'r hawl grab firen neu mae'r cyflwyr somebodyll ar gyfer hyn fel arbenny,
o waslo bwrs of iawn nôl ar holdersio syniadau
oaniaeth mudfa charodaeth na gberth yn adnwnog
O'r rh PUBG Menynau temperatures neb 아니야id
ac mae'n rhan barcha t sayf am y cyhoedd gyd gratitude
ac mae hefyd nifer o'r hanfer i fy ngos South 2000
i fod ar fufio ar nodi rhoi flies
a hwn i sefydliol g Tingadaeth
ar yr 1890 berth peol a'r aw
Mae'nBlom belonged o'r Perth Abersteadara llogion bob 1983,
blending i tradeswyr hens ystod Jaci Mleu,
ac iddyn nhw, yna y ten ydych chi Firstly应yolph i chi'ch sash firing Caddycynsu.
Gallen nhw'n yn marks.
Mae'n pum i fynd yn ystyried maen nhw basil 1r Lord Solar
fel Fu G temporada ag ein blaen i Adilade,
ac i 1987 r interpreting.
Mae'r pelfyn-feddred Millus yn fynd i mi ddefnyddio
kteni'r éd menhesiall y maen nhw mewn ddim yn該w my MUSC
yn rhoi angenDeser ffgweld ac genedlau'r prydsan Dark
a fel dimgoidio, dechreu iddyn nhw i hefyd
ond wedi eu mae brindwch MORE
dyn ar deng, ac drwy'n
gm exhibitions around the world on something like 250 occasions and if you think about what sort of
dollars car companies put into their major exhibitions then maybe it was a pretty good investment
in the first place. Where we go now is that the world's other challenge is not really the
great achievement of hope over adversity that it once was. The road is pretty good, most teams,
certainly most well-resourced teams can pretty much reckon on finishing the events within the
time given and we run over six days. An important aspect of the event is that the event is run
in a single stage that is once the flag is dropped in Darwin each team is on its own and goes as
far as it can each day until five o'clock at night. This is easier to comprehend if we look at
the checkpoints along the road where the first checkpoint in Catherine is open for three hours
and the last checkpoint in Port Augusta is open for three days such as the spread of teams between
the superstars who will endeavour to finish the event in a little over four days and those who
perhaps don't have the best resources or the best of luck or indeed the best sunshine who can take
up to six days to be part of the event. One of those important aspects is that the checkpoints
close at a time to reflect the minimum speed that people are required to achieve to stay in
the events and rather than tap them on the shoulder at that point and send them home we ask them to
put their car on their trailer and catch up a little bit and put their car back on the road. We
want to maximise their exposure to the event and maximise their enjoyment of driving the car that
they would have spent so long building actually on the road. In terms of this year's event in 2011
there are some 42 teams who have registered representing 21 different countries around the
world which is an impressive spread of international participation and certainly shows how much
and how well this event is thought of around the world. The event will be streamed on a number
of occasions and from this very venue here in the RIRs this will become our event headquarters
and for the first time all the cars will be fitted with satellite tracking devices which we will see
on the big screens behind me. What does it take to win the world sailor challenge?
It takes determination. There are those who have done extremely well with less than the very very
best technologies. It's not just about the big dollars and buying the best of everything. In many
ways it is about being the best that you can possibly be at every step of the game and it is
about having a dream and pursuing that dream and I'm sure that those of you who want to follow the
world sailor challenge and take part in the PD curriculum will find that it is a fascinating
and fantastic subject to pursue. Gideg. My name is Andrew Simpsons and I am one of the two drivers
for the Aurora vehicle association and in 2011 I'm also the chairman of the association as well.
I guess I should start by talking about Aurora itself. Unlike most teams involved in the world
sailor challenge Aurora is not affiliated with one university or other school organization.
Aurora is an independent all volunteer organization based in Melbourne Australia
and we're dedicated to promoting sustainable mobility through the public demonstration of
vehicles of our own manufacturer. So while we do have some students on our team many of our team
members are professionals or retirees all sharing a common vision about sustainable mobility
and a positive future for Australia. One of the things you might notice is that
my accent is not Australian and there's a there's an interesting story behind that. I guess you
could say I'm a product of the GM sunracer program. After they won the inaugural world
sailor challenge in 1987 they elected not to continue racing but to do an educational
outreach program in America and I was a beneficiary of that. I went to a public school like many
other people do in America and the sunracer program was integrated directly into the curriculum
in that school and that's where my interest in solar car racing started.
What it allowed me to do is to think big and Chris spoke of a dream. Well I saw a poster of
sunracer crossing the Australian outback and winning the race. I thought wow that's a pretty
neat little spaceship driving across Mars and someone had to point out to me that that was
actually a car and that was actually Australia and that's the color of the wonderful outback
that we have here and from that point on I said that's what I want to do. So it took a number
of years but I ended up going to the University of Michigan which is a powerhouse in solar car
racing and I ended up participating in their program winning the American race there and coming
down to Australia in the early 90s. From there I guess I fell in love with the place and a couple
of years ago I had the opportunity to move to Australia and continue my solar car racing
with the Aurora Vehicle Association. Some people have questioned well why would you use such a
thing? Well number one I believe in the program. It allowed me to follow a dream and to be successful
in my chosen profession which is car testing for the Ford Motor Company. What it's also told
taught me is I've really found out about what I'm good at and what I'm not so good at and it's
challenged me to be a better person. One of the things that I think people can take away from
the event is you can really figure out from these sort of major challenges in your life these major
adventures is who you really are as a person. I think one of the unique things about the event
is that it's so wide open. You've got the wide open landscape, you've got wide open competition,
you have the teams with millions of dollars of budgets and you've got teams that don't have so
much but you're all in a shared experience and you come out at the end as a different person
an improved person. I think about the Aurora Vehicle Association we've got
an interesting mix of people that you wouldn't get necessarily at a university program
and one of the things that I encourage students who are participating in any of these sorts of
educational events whether it's the solar schools program or whether it's the model solar car or
even the world solar challenge itself is that it's not the most experienced or the senior or
the professional people in your organization or on your team. It's the quiet new person in the
corner that often comes up with the best idea, the best solution. In fact this morning during the
media launch for the world solar challenge one quiet young student suggested that perhaps solar
energy could be used to power the mouse for your computer. Well that's really cool because if you
read into what a certain computer company that's very hot right now and makes very interesting
personal computers they're trying to patent how to use solar energy in their laptop computers
embedded in the screen, embedded in the back, embedded in the keyboard. So it takes one shy young
person to come up with the same idea that the powerhouse industrial design team of a particular
company that makes popular computers can do. So I really encourage people to whether it's part
of this program or it's in their everyday school endeavors is to really think outside the box
and think big because whether it's solar car racing developing a new technology becoming a
surgeon or helping cure cancer. If you really believe in what you do and you pursue it with
passion you can make it happen. I think that really comes out in the race. People talk a lot
about the technology and the or the dollars or the winning or the losing or making it to
Adelaide or not. I think there are also a lot of personal stories that we can we can pull out of
the event about people growing and sharing and suffering and winning and losing. Excellent thank
you very much Andrews. We'll ask Chris Selwood to come and join us again on the stage and we'll
take some questions from the audience. One of the first questions we have
is about new technologies that have come out of the world solar challenge. Can either of you
give us a bit of a description about some new technologies that have come out from the technology
that's developed in this race? There's lots and lots of stories come out but there's also lots
of things that we don't get to hear about but one of the things that we try and do to tease out
these things is to put up an innovation award to encourage the teams to make a presentation
to our scientific faculty about some of the things that have spun out from what they're doing.
There's a couple of famous ones in the past so the perhaps the most famous ones that one that
people can relate to perhaps is comes from the Stanford solar car team from Palo Alto in California
where some of the guys were kicking around saying well it's all very well building your solar car
but what's the what's the practical outcome from this and another of the guys who was
part of that part of that group of bright young students went off and became a dot com millionaire
having started off the PayPal scheme and he put his dollars into it he put his dollars into well
why can't we make a practical electric car and some of you may have heard of the Tesla electric car
which is a fantastic machine it's probably out of the reach of most of us out of our of our pocket
but for those of us that have seen it and been lucky enough to drive it it's a beautiful car
and that's spun out directly from the Stanford solar car team a few years ago. Back to the point
that I was making about our innovation program one of the teams came up and said for our innovation
award submission we want to show you what we've done that when our car comes into the checkpoint
the critical data about the car is automatically downloaded to our support vehicle so that the
guys can be working on diagnostics and fine tune and when we come out of our checkpoint time
and we're allowed to touch the car we can make those critical adjustments and that piece of
technology was brought up by BMW and if you drive a new BMW these days when you drive into the
service bay and go in to check in and hand your keys over to the service receptionist there is
already a print out of the critical diagnostics of the car and those things that that need adjusting
there there are many many stories and as I said earlier some we get to hear about some we don't but
I'm sure Andres has got a few himself. Well certainly tire technology has benefited from
solar car racing in the world solar challenge specifically most of the time you you'll read
newspapers or see television commercials about Formula 1 racing influencing tires that grip better
drive faster. Well there's a there are tires now that are available for most cars whether they're
high in sports cars or your average family sedan that feature low rolling resistance technology
which helps get you much better fuel economy for at least one car company that was not done
in a lab that was not done on the Formula 1 racetrack that original technology was done
during the world solar challenge and that's a that's a really good example of direct technology
transfer from from the outback from being on the steward highway straight into your your family car
garage. Excellent I'm quite interested in that BMW story that's that's very interesting I didn't
realise that. Another question we have is in terms of the solar panels we're familiar with seeing
solar panels on our houses these days is there any difference between those solar panels and the
ones that are on the cars that are being driven in say this year's race? Nope. Nope any extension
on that? I'm sorry I couldn't help myself I couldn't help myself essentially there is no
difference so the silicon solar cells that we would have on our houses now to to power our
normal domestic devices that is exactly the same technology as is found on the majority of solar
cars now. There are those solar cars who a few that may have some remnants of very exotic technologies
the sort of space grade gallium arsenide technologies that some have used in the past but that was
really about dollars. The solar cells that are developed to power the essential systems of
the space lab and things like that they're a different technology they don't have to the
wavelengths that they deal with don't have to cope with the earth's atmosphere however using those
on earth is is essentially better than the standard technologies we use but at a ridiculous price
so in order to try and level that level that situation we have in the regulations cut down the
area of exotic technology compared to the area of normal terrestrial technology and most of the
cars that we will see in this year's world solar challenge are using exactly the same silicon
photovoltaic technology that we would have on our houses. Okay another question that's come
through what are some of the main considerations when designing a solar car? Do you want to
lead on this one? Sure well at highway speeds the vast majority of the energy that you use
is used to overcome aerodynamic forces so the the air moving around the outside of the car and so
those those sorts of things that make airplanes efficient are the same things or similar concepts
you'd apply to a solar racing car so things that protrude or blunt surfaces really really not
going to help you out so you'll see most if not all solar cars have very streamlined shapes
they'll try to be as small as possible and and even whether you look at it from any angle you
want you don't want to see a lot of body area you want to see as small a shape as possible
whether the wind's coming from the front or even from the side because the cars are so light
the wind can really influence the way the car behaves on the steward highway in terms of how much
energy it uses so after aerodynamics you probably also want to take a look at how much energy your
car uses mechanically and that's mostly in the tires and in the suspension so a lot of the
teams will spend a lot of time looking at the tires and trying to get the best ones that they can
and also looking at all of the mechanical bits in the car the the wheel bearings or the brakes or
things like that yeah and then beyond that there's also things like electrical efficiency
so the sort of electrical systems that you'd have inside of a solar car
generally have the best technology available and the sort of electrical systems that you'd find
in your Tesla electric car or your Toyota Prius hybrid that very same technology
is found in a solar racing car okay it's interesting if i may just add to that that the one
thing that Andres didn't mention was the solar cells yes and this is this is really fundamental
that if we are campaigning a solar car on on the steward highway um frontal area aerodynamics
absolutely mechanical issues that we need to lose energy from anything that doesn't need to get
hot if it gets hot it's wasting energy but what it really underlines is that what the guys are
pursuing here are the world's most efficient electric cars and whether that electricity comes
from solar cells that we carry around on the car which is really not a practical proposition
to plug in hybrid cars plug in rechargeable hydrogen fuel cells which supplies electricity
we are looking at the world's most efficient electric drivetrains and the electronic controls
it's certainly not something that the media get very excited about but certainly us techos
get very excited about the fancy electronics that control the that deal with the the high
current inductive loads for example in the electric drivetrains when you go from acceleration
to deceleration and regenerative braking it's it's one of those things that has confounded
solar cars for many many years we look back through the history what went wrong with that one
it was the motor controller what went wrong with that one it was the motor control it's always
the motor controller it's always those fancy electronics but that seems to be less and less
now and those electronic motor controllers are essentially the same as we see in the new generation
electric cars the Nissan LEAF and the Mitsubishi IMEV and the things like the the the Volt and the
Opel Ampera which have maybe have internal internal combustion rage extenders but they're
still essentially electric cars using the technology that's being pursued by these bright
young people who are building these fantastic electric cars and in many ways and as we can see
with Andres people who are destined to deliver the technologies to our successors and as Andres
is doing now he's a senior engineer with Ford Motor Company testing the products that we can
go out and buy in our showrooms so we could well have teachers in our audience that are going to
be teaching the future of solar energy electric cars and so on absolutely I'm sure we are excellent
now people might think that well maybe there's some people out there who might think that the sun
goes my car's going to stop automatically that's not the case is it well no simply put no because
we have energy storage systems in the regulations for the world solar challenge we have a nominal
defined amount of energy that can be stored that is relative to the amount of energy that we would
need to run a car across the entire routes and that's one of the things that makes the world
sailor challenge different from any other sailor car race in the world because our initial concept
going back 20 years was that if a one kilowatt car can take 50 hours to drive across to drive across
the country 10% of that is five kilowatt hours and that's a nominal number to be a limit of
stored energy and the way that we control that is by looking at the battery technology and putting
a figure our good friends at the CSIRO put an energy density figure to different electrochemical
compounds whether it be lithium polymer lithium iron nickel metal hydride whatever it might be the
battery type and that's expressed in watt hours per kilogram and then we divide the watt hours
per kilogram we take 5000 there's the five kilowatt hours and divide or derive the weight
of the battery from that so for example this year lithium iron we're allowed 21 kilograms
and if anybody were to want to run lead acid which is the stable electrochemical technology
that we'd use in static phone or voltaic applications for remote area power systems more
commonly the cars the batteries that we use to start our cars that's 125 kilograms so why would
you carry over 100 kilograms of extra weight by having a different technology but that
perhaps illustrates maybe confused I hope I haven't confused it too much but demonstrates the
the methodology that we use to define what would be a stored energy capacity but if we had a
practical electric car obviously we don't limit it to that we limit it to a more usable number
that would give us a decent range so that if the sun wasn't shining we could still drive 100
kilometers I think one thing to add is the even with this relatively modest amount of stored
energy the performance of these cars is simply incredible you have five nominally five kilowatt
hours if a car only requires 1.3 kilowatts to go 100 kilometers an hour you can go an awfully long
way with absolutely no sun even even at top speed the car is only to go maybe 150 kilometers an hour
the car only needs maybe 12 kilowatts so you can go for if your motor could handle it over an hour
at 150 kilometers an hour with just a relatively small amount of stored energy these cars feature
and in fact the undersea's car has done 24 hours done a 24 hour marathon that's right as well as
a number of other things but certainly running all night in the dark no sun sailor car driving
through the night quite a nice vision actually um andress can you please take us into the car
and sort of describe when you're sitting in the car you know the dials the dash all of that sort
of thing for us sure um one of the things that the the current set of rules and um sort of our
current team thinking if you like has has afforded drivers of a modern solar car is that it drives
just like any other car you have a steering wheel you have um you have a few gauges which tell you
how fast the car is going um what sort of energy you're consuming how much energy you have left
and you're also presented with um let's say a standard automotive type throttle and an automotive
type brake so it really unlike perhaps cars of the past um it's really a standard driving experience
perhaps it's a little warmer inside the normal and you can't turn on your air conditioning when you
want but other than that um it drives like a normal car thank you i was i've that's one thing
i've always wondered you i've seen the cars from the outside and so on but i've always wanted to
sort of stick my head in and get get an idea of what it would be like to be a driver all right i
think one of the last questions i'd like to ask you both is can you i'll give you a choice an
option of of questions um one can you either tell me of one of your most memorable um fabulous
moments on one of the races or either describe a typical day for me on the race
i'll give you some think time no no i don't need thinking time i'm just my only thinking time
is to which of the millions of wonderful experiences i've had with the event would really
stand out in my mind and the one that always comes to mind first of all um is not about being
on the road with the solar car so maybe that doesn't count but um i think i mentioned earlier
that the faculty advisor for the new on team at one time was the dutch astronaut vubo ochles
and one of the most memorable occasions in my life is sitting on the veranda of my
chalet the night before the event starts with vubo ochles drinking beer listening to him telling
me about the emotion of re-entry into the earth's atmosphere that was absolutely tremendous
oh that would have been i don't know what could top that
andress a memorable moment or a describe me a typical day on the race
well i think i'll i'll choose uh describing a typical day on the race um one of the best things
about the event is that because it's held in the australian outback um morning tea is uh
he is a very memorable memorable experience um watching the sun come up um and um just the
beautiful sunrise is that you get the clear air um the stillness um which is often punctuated by
moments of sheer panic when something invariably doesn't work on the car and you need to fix in
the next 30 minutes before you take off for the for the day's racing um and then certainly the um
the long hours on the road while they can be very tiring um the scenery is just amazing um and
that's i basically fell in in love with the country with australia and that's why that's why i
now live here um because of my experience on solar car um and then again in the evening the um
australian style barbecue you can't beat that um and sitting around and and discussing and joking
about the the things that went right that day and perhaps the things that didn't go so right um and
then and then as the the sun fades away and then you get the the incredible stars um where i grew up
there weren't very clear nights um back in america but um the incredible patterns of stars
that you get in the middle of the night you just can't beat that um it makes it makes the problems
of the day or the the crazy things that happened out on the road um that'll that all gets sort of
put perspective for the uh incredible experience that you get in this event um yeah i think that
that's that's what i'd like to share the upback adventure certainly does uh bring it all into
perspective and to uh as andrew says to sleep under the million stars of the spectacular southern
desert sky when you wake up and realize the milky way starts on the horizon over there and goes to
the horizon over there it makes you feel uh so um so humble and in tune with with the whole
environment particularly if you're involved with uh an environmental uh an event that is is is
pursuing environmental goals it really makes you feel how we are just small parts of this huge great
machine well i think that's a really lovely note to finish on um we are so pleased to have had
you both in this afternoon and um i hope we've sort of your stories and so on have inspired
lots of teachers to go out and get their students interested in the world solar challenge this year
and in future years and yes we're just very grateful to have you both here and we understand
that you've got lots of events on and we'll look forward to the race finishing in adelaide when
we can perhaps have a chance to see you again and yes we hope lots of people get involved
thank you very much for coming along we look forward to it and thank you very much for the
opportunity thank you thank you
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