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The end of the 1812 war was marked by the victory of the Russian troops. The people were healed.
In 1814, the army of the victors symbolically met the triumphal arch, armed with wood.
During the coronation of Nikolay I in Moscow in 1826, the emperor was made the decision to build a new triumphal gate in the memory of the Arathnoe of the Russian soldiers.
In the end of September 20, 1834, the opening of the arch was carried out by the project of Osip Ivanovich Bove.
More than a hundred years, the arch of the Tverskoye Zastava was besieged by Moscow. But the city rose and it began to suffer transport movements.
That's why in 1936, when the reconstruction of the square, it was disassembled.
And its sculptural details were transferred to the preservation of the Moscow Museum of Architecture.
Once again, the gates were recreated only in 1966 at Kutuzovsky Prospekt, where the memorial complex dedicated to the Patriotic War of 1812 was formed.
There, on the square of victory, at the slope of the mountain, the triumphal arch began to resemble the heroism of the Russian people again.
For half a century, the architectural structure was not damaged. The arch for many years after its creation was maintained as a regular city structure. The monument was besieged and needed a serious intervention of professional restaurateurs.
Of course, before our days, the arch was no longer in such a state in which it was originally. And the restoration work that was carried out, were carried out, of course, more in principle, not restoration, but repair.
We tried to recreate the arch that was exactly when it was designed by Bove.
After the formation of all the permissionable documents in February 2012, we began the headquarters restoration of the triumphal arch.
At the time of the exit to work, the condition of the arch was evaluated by specialists as inviolable.
Until the end, the arch became possible after the organization of the cliffs.
There were a lot of metal constructions, a huge amount of waste, a white stone face, hydroisolation was broken, there was a huge amount of atmospheric pollution on all decorative elements.
The amount of work on restoration was quite serious, and those data that were obtained after these investigations, of course, made a lot of adjustments to the project decision.
And thanks to the architects, the decisions were quite operatively accepted, which allowed to finish the work in the intended time.
The sculptures of the arch, which were carved out of cast iron almost 200 years ago by the author's model sculptor Ivan Petrovich Vitaly, which now became unique, demanded special attention of the restorers.
In the process of the investigation, it turned out that the main decoration of the triumphal gates, the sculptural composition of the wheel of victory, was greatly damaged.
The destruction of the structure of the structure of the sculptor began between themselves, as a result of which the wheel of victory came out of a static state.
The wheels were broken, the width of the explosion reached 40-50 mm.
There were cracks on the back of the horses, which came out of the metal tension.
The state of the woodwork, which you see on the top of the arch, from the statue of Niki, was extremely complex.
And it was decided, together with the architects and the author's view, that the need to dismantle the woodwork and perform restoration work in the workshop.
From February to June 2012, the whole restoration work was completed.
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In the conditions of the workshop, the specialists managed to track down every detail of the sculpture.
All costs were marked.
The workshop applied an individual restoration approach to each element, depending on the degree of its damage.
The condition of the workshop was expressed in the first place in the deep corrosion of the metal on the joints of the rivets and the solid corrosion of the steel fastening elements.
First of all, they removed the rust.
To create significant losses, the restorers removed the form of damaged elements.
At first, they poured out the plaster details, and then, before the work of their relief, they removed the form already from the plaster details to make new cast iron elements.
Any rust on the surface is a place of accumulation of moisture and appearance in the further corrosion.
Therefore, before the painting, the sculpting, the sculpting, the goal of such work is to smoothen the surface of the cast iron as much as possible, closing the appearance of irregularities over time.
There were numerous scientific researches on the sculpture, including their local discoveries.
There were holes and cracks found through the holes, through which the moisture got into the inner surface.
The masters carried out the cleaning of corrosion, dirt, damaged paint coatings, which were counted as eight layers.
The total area of the cleaning was about 2,000 square meters.
At the restoration, the cast-iron seams were rusted and re-painted with lead, creating lost elements.
The sculptures were strengthened, processed and returned to them a historical color, which they had in the original form.
The processing and painting of the sculpture was carried out with the observation of all modern technologies using lacquer-painted materials of the highest quality.
Due to the destruction of concrete foundations, the granite surface of the cast-iron sculptures was in an emergency state.
To produce the work against accidents, sculptures were hung out using special constructions.
Thus, the old broken concrete foundations were replaced with new granite blocks.
One of the main reasons for all the damage of the triumphal arc was the violation of hydra-isolation and the appearance of corrosion everywhere.
Thus, due to the corrosion of the armor, a layer of concrete surface was removed, which were reinforced and restored after carefully processing the metal.
The damage and loss of the new plaster decor turned out to be very significant.
The decision was made to restore the remaining parts and replenish the loss.
To do this, the decor was carefully cleaned from the old paint.
In the workshop, they removed the form from the fragments in good safety and poured out new elements.
The restored plaster decor was protected by chemical compounds and coatings from possible aggressive external effects.
The work with white stones required certain weather conditions.
The restoration of this natural material should not be done at low temperatures.
Since the cleaning of the white stone decor was carried out by the equipment of the built-in mirror cleaning, such technology, chosen by experts, allowed to eliminate the pollution without damaging the surface of the stone and significantly reduce the time of the production of the work.
The damaged surface of the white stone decor was polished, from which it became more smooth, dense, protected from ventilation and penetration of moisture and dirt.
The accuracy and depth of the relief of the white stone decor was restored by the method of cutting.
The significant loss of the carvings was created in a new stone, according to the sample of existing elements.
The significant losses were performed by special restoration components.
The restoration of the triumphal gates was carried out in quite a tight schedule and had a number of peculiarities,
not only the significance of the monument, but also the location of it.
The Uzovsky Prospect is the government highway of high density.
All the forests that were built along the perimeter of the arch were covered with clear material.
Thus, the residents of the city could observe the work that is being done on the arch, see them, work day and night,
go out on holidays, but the work was done in time, and the quality level should be met in the intended time.
Thank you very much both to the restoration and to the architect.
The return of the goddess Niki and her wheelhouse from the workshop after several months of restoration became a special event.
The restoration was carried out in a very tight schedule and had a number of peculiarities,
not only the importance of the restoration, but also the importance of the restoration.
The restorers did a lot of preparatory work to fix the sculptural composition.
The whole country could observe the solemn origin of the winged victory at its former place, at the top of the triumphal arch.
The triumphal arch is a beautiful, penetrated idea of the triumph of the Russian people, the symbol of the victory of Moscow.
This is the main monument of the Patriotic War of 1812 in the capital.
This is a visible embodiment of the deep recognition of the descendants of the heroes of the victors.
Finally, this difficult and difficult work was completed.
And in memory of those who participated in it, those who worked on the restoration of this arch,
the memory of the projectors, the memory of the builders and the restorationers,
those who followed, those who carried out the restoration of the metal, the stones, the technologists, the list here in this capsule.
And today we are loading this capsule, the memory of those who worked on the gifts for the future, for the descendants.
Those who will work with this wonderful monument will know who worked on it, who preserved it for the future generations.
The large-scale restoration of the monument, entrusted to the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the victory, is not only a way to preserve the cultural heritage of Russia.
One proof of the gratitude to the ancestors for their support and our freedom.
Thank you very much.
Thank you.
