Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 6 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 3079 |
| Missing cells | 2 |
| Missing cells (%) | < 0.1% |
| Duplicate rows | 2872 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 93.3% |
| Total size in memory | 144.5 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 48.0 B |
Variable types
| Numeric | 6 |
|---|
| Dataset has 2872 (93.3%) duplicate rows | Duplicates |
trad_1 is highly correlated with avg and 1 other fields | High correlation |
avg is highly correlated with trad_1 and 1 other fields | High correlation |
newavg is highly correlated with trad_1 and 1 other fields | High correlation |
m47_2 has 44 (1.4%) zeros | Zeros |
trad_1 has 63 (2.0%) zeros | Zeros |
trad_2 has 52 (1.7%) zeros | Zeros |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2021-02-23 14:35:01.915347 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2021-02-23 14:35:08.332301 |
| Duration | 6.42 seconds |
| Software version | pandas-profiling v2.10.1 |
| Download configuration | config.yaml |
m47_1
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct | 6 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.746021436 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 12 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.4% |
| Memory size | 24.2 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 2 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 3 |
| Q3 | 3 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.7696713649 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2802860003 |
| Kurtosis | 0.9287021056 |
| Mean | 2.746021436 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | 0.1481270573 |
| Sum | 8455 |
| Variance | 0.5923940099 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=6)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3 | 1618 | |
| 2 | 993 | |
| 4 | 301 | 9.8% |
| 1 | 91 | 3.0% |
| 5 | 64 | 2.1% |
| 0 | 12 | 0.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 12 | 0.4% |
| 1 | 91 | 3.0% |
| 2 | 993 | |
| 3 | 1618 | |
| 4 | 301 | 9.8% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 64 | 2.1% |
| 4 | 301 | 9.8% |
| 3 | 1618 | |
| 2 | 993 | |
| 1 | 91 | 3.0% |
| Distinct | 6 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.543033452 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 44 |
| Zeros (%) | 1.4% |
| Memory size | 24.2 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 3 |
| Q3 | 3 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.8610494352 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3385914701 |
| Kurtosis | 1.194763562 |
| Mean | 2.543033452 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1 |
| Skewness | 0.2654538662 |
| Sum | 7830 |
| Variance | 0.7414061298 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=6)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2 | 1323 | |
| 3 | 1265 | |
| 4 | 194 | 6.3% |
| 1 | 163 | 5.3% |
| 5 | 90 | 2.9% |
| 0 | 44 | 1.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 44 | 1.4% |
| 1 | 163 | 5.3% |
| 2 | 1323 | |
| 3 | 1265 | |
| 4 | 194 | 6.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 90 | 2.9% |
| 4 | 194 | 6.3% |
| 3 | 1265 | |
| 2 | 1323 | |
| 1 | 163 | 5.3% |
| Distinct | 6 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.507632348 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 63 |
| Zeros (%) | 2.0% |
| Memory size | 24.2 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 3 |
| Q3 | 3 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.044116323 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.4163753604 |
| Kurtosis | 0.01556604178 |
| Mean | 2.507632348 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1 |
| Skewness | 0.03371318092 |
| Sum | 7721 |
| Variance | 1.090178895 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=6)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3 | 1284 | |
| 2 | 866 | |
| 1 | 482 | 15.7% |
| 4 | 265 | 8.6% |
| 5 | 119 | 3.9% |
| 0 | 63 | 2.0% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 63 | 2.0% |
| 1 | 482 | 15.7% |
| 2 | 866 | |
| 3 | 1284 | |
| 4 | 265 | 8.6% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 119 | 3.9% |
| 4 | 265 | 8.6% |
| 3 | 1284 | |
| 2 | 866 | |
| 1 | 482 | 15.7% |
| Distinct | 6 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.422539786 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 52 |
| Zeros (%) | 1.7% |
| Memory size | 24.2 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 2 |
| Q3 | 3 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.125242843 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.464488901 |
| Kurtosis | -0.5296125938 |
| Mean | 2.422539786 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1 |
| Skewness | 0.1885798583 |
| Sum | 7459 |
| Variance | 1.266171455 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=6)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3 | 1007 | |
| 2 | 833 | |
| 1 | 697 | |
| 4 | 375 | 12.2% |
| 5 | 115 | 3.7% |
| 0 | 52 | 1.7% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 52 | 1.7% |
| 1 | 697 | |
| 2 | 833 | |
| 3 | 1007 | |
| 4 | 375 | 12.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 115 | 3.7% |
| 4 | 375 | 12.2% |
| 3 | 1007 | |
| 2 | 833 | |
| 1 | 697 |
| Distinct | 21 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.7% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.554806755 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 6 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.2% |
| Memory size | 24.2 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1.25 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 2.5 |
| Q3 | 3 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.8209486858 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.321334944 |
| Kurtosis | 0.4471057768 |
| Mean | 2.554806755 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.5 |
| Skewness | 0.3041216853 |
| Sum | 7866.25 |
| Variance | 0.6739567446 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=21)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3 | 517 | |
| 2.75 | 382 | |
| 2 | 338 | |
| 2.5 | 332 | |
| 2.25 | 303 | |
| 1.75 | 237 | |
| 1.5 | 211 | |
| 3.25 | 187 | 6.1% |
| 3.5 | 112 | 3.6% |
| 1.25 | 92 | 3.0% |
| Other values (11) | 368 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 6 | 0.2% |
| 0.25 | 3 | 0.1% |
| 0.5 | 11 | 0.4% |
| 0.75 | 16 | 0.5% |
| 1 | 57 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 32 | |
| 4.75 | 27 | |
| 4.5 | 28 | |
| 4.25 | 41 | |
| 4 | 64 |
| Distinct | 29 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.9% |
| Missing | 2 |
| Missing (%) | 0.1% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2.566646084 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 14 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.5% |
| Memory size | 24.2 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1.25 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 2.67 |
| Q3 | 3 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.8448029348 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3291466401 |
| Kurtosis | 0.5389609469 |
| Mean | 2.566646084 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.58 |
| Skewness | 0.2161197238 |
| Sum | 7897.57 |
| Variance | 0.7136919986 |
| Monotocity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=29)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3 | 590 | |
| 2 | 372 | |
| 2.75 | 357 | |
| 2.5 | 250 | |
| 2.25 | 210 | 6.8% |
| 1.5 | 201 | 6.5% |
| 1.75 | 173 | 5.6% |
| 3.25 | 159 | 5.2% |
| 3.5 | 104 | 3.4% |
| 2.67 | 89 | 2.9% |
| Other values (19) | 572 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 14 | |
| 0.25 | 3 | 0.1% |
| 0.33 | 11 | |
| 0.5 | 3 | 0.1% |
| 0.75 | 5 | 0.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 37 | |
| 4.75 | 27 | |
| 4.67 | 16 | |
| 4.5 | 23 | |
| 4.25 | 27 |
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here. A simple visualization of nullity by column.
Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.
The dendrogram allows you to more fully correlate variable completion, revealing trends deeper than the pairwise ones visible in the correlation heatmap.
First rows
| m47_1 | m47_2 | trad_1 | trad_2 | avg | newavg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4.25 | 4.25 |
| 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4.50 | 4.50 |
| 2 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4.25 | 4.25 |
| 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.75 | 1.33 |
| 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2.75 | 2.75 |
| 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
| 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
| 7 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
| 8 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
| 9 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
Last rows
| m47_1 | m47_2 | trad_1 | trad_2 | avg | newavg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3069 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 3070 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 |
| 3071 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| 3072 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| 3073 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| 3074 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
| 3075 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2.75 | 2.33 |
| 3076 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| 3077 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2.50 | 2.50 |
| 3078 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 |
Most frequent
| m47_1 | m47_2 | trad_1 | trad_2 | avg | newavg | count | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 448 |
| 84 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2.75 | 2.75 | 208 |
| 37 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 193 |
| 33 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 154 |
| 36 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | 104 |
| 66 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2.25 | 2.25 | 85 |
| 71 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2.75 | 2.75 | 83 |
| 70 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2.50 | 2.50 | 82 |
| 38 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2.25 | 2.25 | 81 |
| 83 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2.50 | 3.00 | 60 |