4. Cross reference for The Linked Earth Ontology classes, properties and dataproperties

This section provides details for each class and property defined by The Linked Earth Ontology.

Classes

archivec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Archive

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
The medium in which the response of a sensor to environmental forcing is recorded (e.g., marine sediments, ice core, lake sediments, speleothems). sensu Evans et al. (2013)
is in domain of
has resolution op
is in range of
archived in op, measured on op

archive modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ArchiveModel

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
A simplified description of how the sensor either creates or emplaces the signal into the archive. sensu Evans et al. 2013.
has super-classes
model c

calibration modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#CalibrationModel

Metadata about how the variable was calibrated to reflect an environmental variable
has super-classes
model c
is in domain of
calibration references op, equation dp
is in range of
calibrated with op

chron datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ChronData

The Data pertaining to chronological information
has super-classes
data c

chron data tablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ChronDataTable

DataTable containing the Chronology Variables
has super-classes
data table c

chron proxyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ChronProxy

The data and metadata associated with how the chronology information was obtained.
has super-classes
proxy c

climate interpretationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ClimateInterpretation

A suite of metadata that describe how a variable is interpreted to reflect past environmental variability
is in domain of
detail dp, interpretation direction dp, interpretation references op
is in range of
interpreted as op

climate proxyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ClimateProxy

Climate observations prior to the instrumental era are necessarily indirect. These observations are made on climate proxies in various geological (e.g. lake or marine sediments, living or fossil coral reefs, cave deposits), glaciological (ice cores or snow pits) or biological (trees) archives. Many types of measurements can be made on each archives, each sensing a different aspect of the environment (sometimes, several aspects at once). A paleoclimate dataset is a set of observations made on an archive.
has super-classes
proxy c

datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Data

An aggregation of DataTables and supporting information regarging the paleoenvironmental and/or chronological interpretation
has sub-classes
chron data c, paleo data c
is in domain of
based on op
is in range of
includes data op

data tablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#DataTable

A set of Variables organized in columns
has sub-classes
chron data table c, paleo data table c
is in domain of
includes variable op
is in range of
found in table op

Datasetc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Dataset

A structured collection of related information, including - but not limited to - geographical, chronological, and paleoenvironmental data
is in domain of
collected from op, dataset contributor op, dataset creator op, dataset version dp, dataset year dp, funded by op, includes data op, published in op

fundingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Funding

A source of funding for the creation of the Dataset
is in domain of
funding agency dp, funding country dp, grant number dp, principal investigator op
is in range of
funded by op

inferred variablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#InferredVariable

Is the variable inferred from a measured variable?
has super-classes
variable c
is in domain of
calibrated with op, inferred from op
is disjoint with
measured variable c

inorganic sensorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#InorganicSensor

Is the sensor inorganic? (e.g., karst system, catchment basin...)
has super-classes
sensor c
is disjoint with
organic sensor c

instrumentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Instrument

A tool or implement used to produce MeasuredVariables
is in range of
measured by op

locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Location

The geographic data and metadata for the dataset. [Location metadata will not be modeled in this version of the ontology]
is in range of
collected from op

measured variablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#MeasuredVariable

Is the variable measured with an instrument?
has super-classes
variable c
has sub-classes
observation c
is in domain of
measured by op, measured on op, standard dp
is in range of
inferred from op
is disjoint with
inferred variable c

modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Model

Any system that is at least partially isomorphic to some target system and used to derive information about the structure and/or dynamics of the target system.
has sub-classes
archive model c, calibration model c, observation model c, proxy system model c, sensor model c, uncertainty model c
is in domain of
has code op, model references op

non peer reviewed publicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#NonPeerReviewedPublication

A publication that has not undergone a formal review process; for instance, a Dataset attached to a dissertation.
has super-classes
Publication c
is disjoint with
peer reviewed publication c

observationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Observation

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
The measurements made on the archives, whether chemical (e.g., Mg/Ca, d18O, TEX86, Sr/Ca....), physical (e.g. density, layer thickness) or biological (e.g. species abundance). Evans et al. (2013). Observations are MeasuredVariables
has super-classes
measured variable c
is in range of
observed as op

observation modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ObservationModel

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
The simplified representation of the way in which observations are made on the archive. sensu Evans et al. 2013.
has super-classes
model c

organic sensorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#OrganicSensor

Is the sensor organic? (e.g., foraminifera, tree, corals...)
has super-classes
sensor c
is disjoint with
inorganic sensor c

paleo datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#PaleoData

The Data pertaining to past environmental variability
has super-classes
data c

paleo data tablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#PaleoDataTable

DataTable containig PaleoData Variables
has super-classes
data table c

peer reviewed publicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#PeerReviewedPublication

A publication that has undergone a formal peer-reviewed process.
has super-classes
Publication c
is disjoint with
non peer reviewed publication c

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
is in domain of
orcid number dp

proxyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Proxy

a measured variable used to infer the value of a variable of interest
has sub-classes
chron proxy c, climate proxy c
is in domain of
archived in op, modeled by op, observed as op, sensing with op
is in range of
based on op

proxy system modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#ProxySystemModel

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
In the Evans et al. (2013) framework, this is the combination of sensor, archive and observation models . "A generalized proxy system model encapuslates a simplified representation of prior physical, chemical, biological, and/or geological understanding of the ways in which environmental variation ultimately results in the observations used to retrieve paleoclimatic information."
has super-classes
model c
is in domain of
has part op
is in range of
modeled by op

Publicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Publication

A document that serves as reference for a Dataset or its components
has sub-classes
non peer reviewed publication c, peer reviewed publication c
is in domain of
issue dp, pages dp, publication year dp, volume dp
is in range of
calibration references op, interpretation references op, model references op, published in op

resolutionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Resolution

Refers to the distance (physical or temporal) between each point on the archive. May or May not be related to sampling. Value with units
is in range of
has resolution op

sensorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Sensor

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
The sensor comprises physical, chemical and/or biological components that react to environmental conditions (e.g, foraminifera, coral polyps, cave, catchment basin). sensu Evans et al. (2013)
has sub-classes
inorganic sensor c, organic sensor c
is in domain of
seasonality dp
is in range of
sensing with op

sensor modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#SensorModel

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
A formalization of the behavior of the sensor in response to environmental forcing. Sensu Evans et al. 2013.
has super-classes
model c

software codec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#SoftwareCode

A script that describes the model, in any programming language (e.g., Excel, Matlab, Python, R)
is in range of
has code op

uncertaintyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Uncertainty

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#
A state of incomplete knowledge that can result from a lack of information or from disagreement about what is known or even knowable. Uncertainty may come from many sources, from imprecision in the data to ambigously defined concepts or terminology, or uncertain projections of human bahavior. Uncertainty can be represented by quantitative measures (e.g., probability density function) or by qualitative statement (e.g., reflecting the judgement of a team of experts. Sensu IPCC AR5
is in range of
has uncertainty op

uncertainty modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#UncertaintyModel

A formalization of the way the uncertainty is accounted for
has super-classes
model c

variablec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#Variable

Quantities which can be measured or inferred independently in an experiment
has sub-classes
inferred variable c, measured variable c
is in domain of
interpreted as op, notes dp
is in range of
includes variable op

Object Properties

archived inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#archivedIn

How was the climate or chronological information encoded into the Archive?
has domain
proxy c
has range
archive c

based onop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#basedOn

How are the data obtained?
has domain
data c
has range
proxy c

calibrated withop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#calibratedWith

How was the variable calibrated to represent climate or chronology?
has domain
inferred variable c
has range
calibration model c

calibration referencesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#calibrationReferences

The publication that describes the calibration. The string should follow the model set in the publication class
has super-properties
references op
has domain
calibration model c
has range
Publication c

collected fromop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#collectedFrom

Where was the data in the dataset collected from? Generally, this is the site where the archive was collected.
has domain
Dataset c
has range
location c

dataset contributorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#datasetContributor

has super-properties
contributor op
has domain
Dataset c

dataset creatorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#datasetCreator

[Remove?] This property could be reused from dc:creator. It doesn't add any new semantics. Should discuss at which level the creator has to be defined
has super-properties
creator op
has domain
Dataset c

found in tableop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#foundInTable

Where is the Data found?
has domain
data c or variable c
has range
data table c

funded byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#fundedBy

How was the original study funded? Shall we replace "study" with "dataset"?
has domain
Dataset c
has range
funding c

has codeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasCode

What is the mathematical formulation that describes the Model?
has domain
model c
has range
software code c

has partop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasPart

What are the components of the ProxySystemModel?
has domain
proxy system model c
has range
archive model c or observation model c or sensor model c

has resolutionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasResolution

What is the Resolution of the Archive?
has domain
archive c
has range
resolution c

has uncertaintyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasUncertainty

What is the Uncertainty associated with the Observations, Model, and Calibration?
has domain
calibration model c or instrument c or model c or variable c
has range
uncertainty c

includes dataop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#includesData

What are the paleoenvironmental and chronological Data included in the Dataset?
has domain
Dataset c
has range
data c

includes variableop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#includesVariable

What are the Variables included in the DataTable?
has domain
data table c
has range
variable c

inferred fromop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#inferredFrom

From which measured variable is the current inferred variable obtained?
has domain
inferred variable c
has range
measured variable c

interpretation referencesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#interpretationReferences

Describes the basis by which the proxy variable is interpreted in terms of climate.
has super-properties
references op
has domain
climate interpretation c
has range
Publication c

interpreted asop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#interpretedAs

how is the variable interpreted?
has domain
variable c
has range
climate interpretation c

mboxop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox

is defined by
https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#

measured byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#measuredBy

What Instrument was used to obtain the MeasuredVariables and Observations?
has domain
measured variable c
has range
instrument c

measured onop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#measuredOn

On what Archive were the Observations measured on?
has super-properties
top object property
has domain
measured variable c
has range
archive c

model referencesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#modelReferences

The publication that describes the model.
has super-properties
references op
has domain
model c
has range
Publication c

modeled byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#modeledBy

How was the process modeled?
has domain
proxy c
has range
proxy system model c

observed asop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#observedAs

What Observations were made?
has domain
proxy c
has range
observation c

principal investigatorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#principalInvestigator

Who is the PrincipalInvestigator of the Funding grant?
has domain
funding c

published inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#publishedIn

Where was the Dataset published? Property that relates a dataset to the publication where it was published.
has domain
Dataset c
has range
Publication c

sensing withop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#sensingWith

How does the proxy system senses the environment?
has domain
proxy c
has range
sensor c

Data Properties

dataset versiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#datasetVersion

The version of the dataset. It should follow the x.y.z notation where x refers to changes in metadata and data following a publication (for instance, the creation of a new age model using a different code), y refers to changes to the data following a publication (for instance, adding data further back in time without changing the model underlying the interpretation), and z refers to changes not associated with a publication (for instance, typos).
has domain
Dataset c

dataset yeardp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#datasetYear

[Remove?]Year when the dataset was published. Could be replaced with dc:created
has super-properties
created dp
has domain
Dataset c
has range
date time

descriptiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#description

The description of a resource. Could use dc:description. This property may be used to provide further details on instrument descriptions, uncertainty description,etc.

detaildp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#detail

Answers the "of what" question for a Variable.
has domain
climate interpretation c
has range
string

equationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#equation

The mathematical statement used to describe the model.
has domain
calibration model c
has range
string

funding agencydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#fundingAgency

The agency that funded the development of the Dataset
has domain
funding c
has range
string

funding countrydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#fundingCountry

Country which awarded the funding for the dataset
has domain
funding c

grant numberdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#grantNumber

The grant number associated with the development of the Dataset?
has domain
funding c
has range
string

has d o idp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasDOI

As DOI for a given resource
has super-properties
has link dp

has missing valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasMissingValue

Indicates how the missing values are flagged in a dataset
has domain
uncertainty c or variable c
has range
float

has unitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasUnits

units in which a resource is measured The resource can be a Variable, an Observation, a Resolution, or an Uncertainty
has domain
observation c or resolution c or uncertainty c or variable c

has valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#hasValue

A column of values for the variable. The literal can be in the form of a vector of values (for instance d18O PaleoObservations), a vector of strings (for instance different paleoArchiveNames), a matrix or both
has domain
uncertainty c or variable c
has range
float

interpretation directiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#interpretationDirection

Describes whether the interpreted environmental variable increases (positive) or decreases (negative) as the paleoDataVariableValue increases. The literal is a string , either "positive" or "negative"
has domain
climate interpretation c
has range
string

issuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#issue

The issue number for the publication
has domain
Publication c
has range
int

methoddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#method

Method used to obtain the information from the resource
has domain
archive c or model c or observation c
has range
string

notesdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#notes

Notes regarding the cells in the DataTable
has domain
variable c
has range
string

orcid numberdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#orcidNumber

The ORCID number of the Person
has domain
person c
has range
string

pagesdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#pages

The page range for the article.
has domain
Publication c
has range
string

publication yeardp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#publicationYear

[Remove?]The year the publication was published. The literal is a numeric value in the format yyy
has super-properties
created dp
has domain
Publication c

seasonalitydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#seasonality

fluctuating or restricted according to the season or time of year
has domain
sensor c
has range
string

standarddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#standard

The standard against which the observations are reported (for instance, VSMOW or VPDB)
has domain
measured variable c

volumedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/linkedEarth/ontology#volume

The volume number in which the publication appeared.
has domain
Publication c
has range
string