<
## <a name="id">WesternPacific.Khider.2014</a> Type: Dataset
datasetYear: 2016
name: WesternPacific_Khider_2014
version: 0.0
datasetCreator: [Khider, D.](#khider)
datasetContributor: [Khider, D.](#khider)
datasetContributor: [Jackson, C.S.](#jackson)
datasetContributor: [Stott, L.D.](#stott)
datasetContributor: [Rincon, M.](#rincon)
datasetContributor: [Southon, J.](#southon)
formatName: Text Document
publishedIn: [Khider.2014.Paleoceanography](#pub1)
publishedIn: [Stott.2007.Science](#pub2)
fundedBy: [NSF-1](#funding1)
fundedBy: [NSF-2](#funding2)
collectedFrom: Western Pacific Warm Pool (Location not modeled in the current ontology version)
includesData: [surface variability](#surface)
includesData: [deep ocean variability](#deep)
includesData: [chronological information](#chron)
## <a name="khider"> Khider, D. </a> Type: Person
name: Deborah Khider
affiliation: University of Southern California
email: khider@usc.edu
orcidNumber: 0000-0001-7501-8430
## <a name="jackson"> Jackson, C. </a> Type: Person
name: Charles S. Jackson
affiliation: The University of Texas at Austin
email: charles@utig.ig.utexas.edu
## <a name="stott"> Stott, L.D. </a> Type: Person
name: Lowell D. Stott
affiliation: University of Southern California
email: stott@usc.edu
## <a name="rincon">Rincon, M. </a> Type: Person
name: Miguel Rincon
affiliation: University of Southern California
email: rincon@usc.edu
## <a name="southon">Southon, J. </a> Type: Person
name: John Southon
affiliation: University of California Irvine
email: jsouthon@uci.edu
## <a name="pub1">Khider.2014.Paleoceanography</a> Type: PeerReviewedPublication
publicationYear: 2014
hasLink: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013PA002534/full
title: Assessing millennial-scale variability during the Holocene: A perspective from the western tropical Pacific.
creator: [Khider, D.](#khider)
creator: [Jackson, C.](#jackson)
creator: [Stott, L.](#stott)
name: Paleoceanography
volume: 29
issue: 3
pages: 143-159
## <a name="pub2"> Stott.2007.Science </a> Type: PeerReviewedPublication
publicationYear: 2007
hasLink: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/318/5849/435.full
title: Southern Hemisphere and deep-sea warming led deglacial atmospheric CO2 rise and tropical warming
creator: [Stott, L.D.](#stott)
creator: [Timmermann, A.](#timmermann)
creator: [Thunell, R.](#thunell)
name: Science
volume: 318
issue: 5849
pages: 435-438
## <a name="timmermann">Timmermann, A. </a> Type: Person
name: Axel Timmermann
affiliation: University of Hawaii
email: axel@hawaii.edu
## <a name="thunell">Tunell, R. </a> Type: Person
name: Robert Thunell
affiliation: University of South Carolina
email: thunell@geol.sc.edu
## <a name="funding1">NSF-1</a> Type Funding
fundingCountry: United States of America
fundingAgency: National Science Foundation
grantNumber: AGS#1049238
principalInvestigator: [Stott, L.D.](#stott)
## <a name="funding2">NSF-2</a> Type: Funding
fundingCountry: United States of America
fundingAgency: National Science Foundation
grantNumber: AGS#1344514
principalInvestigator: [Stott, L.D.](#stott)
## <a name="chron">chronological information</a> Type: ChronData
description: The age model for core MD98-2181 is based on 14 14C ages of *Globigerinoides sacculifer*, mixed *G. sacculifer* with *G. ruber* or mixed planktonic calibrated to calendar years using the Marine09 calibration curve, adjusted for a modern reservoir age correction of 15 $\pm$ 79years. The age model was determined by using a smoothing spline interpolation scheme in-between 14C horizons. The uncertainty was determined in a Monte-Carlo process in which the radiocarbon ages were perturbed within uncertainty and a new smoothing splice interpolation applied. The 14C chemistry was performed at NOSAMS (WHOI) and the University of California Irvine.
hasLink: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16055
foundInTable: [MD98-2181 Derived Data - Planktonic](#DataTable1)
foundInTable: [MD98-2181 Derived Data - Benthic](DataTable2)
foundInTable: [Chronology](#ChronDataTable1)
basedOn: [planktonic foraminifera radiocarbon](#ChronProxy)
## <a name="surface"> surface variability </a> Type: PaleoData
description: Sea surface temperature and seawater d18O variability is inferred from paired Mg/Ca and calcite d18O measured on the planktonic foraminifer *Globigerinoides ruber*. The data are analyzed to investigate millennial-scale variability in surface and deep water during the Holocene.
hasLink: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16055
foundInTable: [MD98-2181 Raw Isotopes](#PaleoDataTable)
foundInTable: [MD98-2181 Derived Data - Planktonic](#DataTable1)
basedOn: [Foraminifera Mg/Ca](#MgCaProxy)
basedOn: [Foraminifera d18O](#d18OProxy_Planktonic)
## <a name="deep"> Deep Ocean Variability </a> Type: PaleoData
description: Benthic d18O interpreted to represent deep ocean temperature and salinity variability over the Holocene. The deep ocean variability signal originates from the Southern Ocean with a ~1,000-year transit time.
hasLink: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16055
foundInTable: [MD98-2181 Raw Isotopes](#PaleoDataTable)
foundInTable: [MD98-2181 Derived Data - Benthic](#DataTable2)
basedOn: [Foraminifera d18O](#d18OProxy_Benthic)
## <a name="Chronology"> Chronology </a> Type: ChronDataTable
description: AMS results for marine sediment core MD98-2181. The planktonic
14C dates were converted to calendar ages using the Marine09 calibration
after a reservoir age correction of 15+/-79years.
format: Text File
name: khider2014-raw.txt
includesVariable: [depth_cm](#depth)
includesVariable: [CAMS#](#cams)
includesVariable: [Species](#Species)
includesVariable: [14C age](#radiocarbon)
includesVariable: [calendar age](#calage)
## <a name="depth"> depth_cm </a> Type: MeasuredVariable
name: depth
hasUnits: cm
hasValue: [12 55 99 145 201 238 351 402 501 610 711 755 861 941 201 402 751 861]
## <a name="Species"> Species </a> Type: Variable
name: Species
notes: Gs: G sacculifer, Gr: G. ruber, MB: Mixed Benthics, Cm: C. mundulus.
hasValue: [Gs Gs/Gr Gs/Gr Gs MP Gs/Gr Gs Gs Gs/Gr Gs Gs Gs Gs MB MN Cm Cm]
## <a name="cams"> CAMS# </a> Type: Variable
name: CAMS number
hasValue: [OS-36493 OS-37308 OS-37292 OS-37306 90357 OS-36485 104528 OS-37289
OS-37303 104529 OS-34874 OS-34875 OS-34876 OS-36478 90358 90359 OS-55868 OS-55896]
## <a name="radiocarbon"> 14C age </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: radiocarbon age
hasUnits: years
hasValue: [580 815 1010 1090 1750 1900 2575 3960 4070 4925 6950 7360 9480 11050 2980 4430 8950 10350]
calibratedWith: [Marine09](#Marine09)
hasUncertainty: [radiocarbon uncertainty](#radioU)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
## <a name="Marine09"> Marine09</a> Type: Publication
publicationYear: 2009
hasLink: https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/3569
title: IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0-50,000 years cal BP.
creator: Reimer, P.J.
creator: Baillie, M.G.L
creator: Bard, E.
creator: Bayliss, A.
creator: Beck, J.W.
creator: Blackwell, P.G.
creator: Bronk Ramsey, C.
creator: Buck, C.E.
creator: Burr, G.S.
creator: Edwards, R.L.
creator: Friedrich, M.
creator: Grootes, P.M.
creator: Guilderson, T.P.
creator: Hajdas, I.
creator: Heaton, T.J.
creator: Hogg, A.G.
creator: Hughen, K.A.
creator: Kaiser, K.F.
creator: Kromer, B.
creator: McCormac, F.G.
creator: Manning, S.W.
creator: Reimer, R.W.
creator: Richards, D.A.
creator: [Southon, J.R.](#southon)
creator: Talamo, S.
creator: Turney, C.S.M.
creator: van der Plitch, J.
creator: Weyhenmeyer, C.E.
name: Radiocarbon
volume: 51
issue: 4
pages: 1111-1150
## <a name="radioU"> Radiocarbon Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: radiocarbon uncertainty
hasValue: [110 200 100 120 15 100 20 150 190 30 50 50 55 310 15 20 20 65]
hasUnits: years
description: Uncertainty in the radiocarbon measurements stemming from instrumental uncertainty and sample heterogeneity. The uncertainty is assumed to follow a normal distribution. The $\pm\sigma$ confidence interval is reported here.
## <a name="archive"> Marine Sediment Core </a> Type: Archive
name: Marine Sediment
hasResolution: [Resolution](#Resolution)
method: the core was samples at 2cm intervals for the section corresponding to the Holocene. The bulk sediment samples were disaggregated in a sodium hexametaphosphate solution and wet-sieved through a 63-micrometer mesh to remove the clay fraction. The >63-micrometer fraction was then dry-sieved at >180 micro-meter.
## <a name="Resolution"> Archive Resolution </a> Type: Resolution
hasValue: 80-180
hasUnits: cm/kyr
## <a name="calage"> Calendar Age </a> Type: InferredVariable
name: calendar Age
hasValue: [269 491 688 742 1389 1551 2368 4069 4245 5344 7519 7891 10395 12488 -999.9 -999.9 -999.9 -999.9]
hasUnits: Years B.P.
hasMissingValues: -999.9
hasUncertainty: [calendar age uncertainty](#calU)
## <a name="calU"> Calendar Age Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: Calendar age uncertainty
hasValue: [222 395 205 242 149 262 232 433 530 216 153 193 175 803]
hasUnits: Years
modeledBy: [Calendar Age Uncertainty](#age_U)
## <a name="age_U"> Calendar Age Uncertainty </a> Type: UncertaintyModel
modelReferences: [Khider.2014.Paleoceanography](#pub1)
## <a name="ChronProxy"> Planktonic foraminifera radiocarbon</a> Type: ChronProxy
name: Planktonic Foraminifera Radiocarbon
archivedIn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
sensingWith: [Planktonic Foraminifera](#sensor1)
observedAs: [14C age](#radiocarbon)
## <a name="sensor1"> Planktonic Foraminifera</a> Type: OrganicSensor
name: Planktonic Foraminifera
seasonality: mean annual to warm season
## <a name="PaleoDataTable"> MD98-2181 Raw Isotopes</a> Type: PaleoDataTable
description: Benthic (*cibicidoides mundulus*) foraminifera carbon and oxygen isotopes and planktonic foraminifera (*Globigerinoides ruber*) Mg/Ca and carbon and oxygen isotopes from a sediment core recovered from the Davao Gulf (South of Mindanao) in the western tropical Pacific in 1998. The record is 10,000-year long. Oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses were performed at the University of Southern California. Isotopic values are reported in delta notation relative to the Vienna PeeBee Belemnite (VPDB) isotopic standard. The Mg/Ca analyses were performed at the University of Southern California. This table lists replicate measurements individually and includes analytical outliers which were not used in subsequent analyses.
format: Text File
name: khider2014-raw.txt
includesVariable: [depth-raw](#depth_raw)
includesVariable: [Mg/Ca-g.rub-w](#MgCa)
includesVariable: [d18Og.rub-w](#d18O_rub)
includesVariable: [d13Cg.rub-w](#d13C_rub)
includesVariable: [d18Oc.mund](#d18O_mund)
includesVariable: [d13Cc.mund](#d13C_mund)
## <a name="depth-raw"> depth-raw </a> Type: MeasuredVariable
name: depth-raw
hasUnits: cm
hasValue: [1 1 2.5 .... 847 849 851]
## <a name="MgCa"> Mg/Ca-g.rub-w </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: Globigerinoides ruber white Mg/Ca
hasUnits: mmol/mol
hasValue: [5.21 -999.9 5.04 .... 5.42 -999.9 5.71]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
notes: Some values from Stott et al. (2004, 2007)
hasUncertainty: [Mg/Ca Uncertainty](#MgCa_U)
measuredBy: [ICP-AES](#MgCa_instrument)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
method: Approximately 50-100 specimens of the planktonic foraminifer *G. ruber* were picked from the >180-micrometer fraction under a binocular microscope. The foraminifera were then cleaned following a protocol adapted from Barker et al. (2003).
interpretedAs: [Mg/Ca Interpretation](#MgCa_interp)
## <a name="MgCa_interp"> Mg/Ca interpretation </a> Type: ClimateInterpretation
name: temperature
detail: sea surface
interpretationDirection: positive
interpretationReferences: [Anand.2003.Paleoceanography](#anand2003)
## <a name="anand2003"> Anand.2003.Paleoceanography </a> Type: Publication
publicationYear: 2003
hasLink: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2002PA000846/full
title: Calibration of Mg/Ca thermometry in planktonic foraminifera from a sediment trap time series
creator: Anand, P.
creator: Elderfield, H.
creator: Conte, M. H.
name: Paleoceanography
volume: 18
issue: 2
pages: 1050
## <a name="MgCa_U"> Mg/Ca Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: Mg/Ca Uncertainty
hasUnits: mmol/mol
hasValue: 0.2
description: The uncertainty on *G. ruber* samples was assessed by multiple measurements on foraminiferal samples and expressed as the standard error on the mean.
## <a name="MgCa_instrument"> ICP-AES </a> Type: Instrument
name: Jobin Yvon inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer
hasUncertainty: [ICP-AES Uncertainty](#MgCa_instrumentU)
## <a name="MgCa_instrumentU"> ICP-AES Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: ICP-AES Uncertainty
hasUnits: mmol/mol
hasValue: 0.1
description: Uncertainty estimated by repeated measurements of a standard solution made from solid Mg and reagent grade CaCO3 in an elemental ratio of 5.63 mmol/mol.
## <a name="d18O_rub"> d18Og.rub-w </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *Globigerinoides ruber* white stable oxygen isotopes
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: [-999.9 -999.9 -2.83 .... -2.53 -999.9 -2.36]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
notes: Some values from Stott et al. (2004, 2007)
hasUncertainty: [d18O Uncertainty](#d18O_U)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
measuredBy: [Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer](#IRMS)
standard: VPDB
method: Approximately 50-100 specimens of the planktonic foraminifer *G. ruber* were picked from the >180-micrometer fraction under a binocular microscope. The foraminifera were then cleaned following a protocol adapted from Barker et al. (2003).
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-1](#d18O_interp_1)
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-2](#d18O_interp_2)
## <a name="d18O_U"> d18O Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: d18O Uncertainty
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: 0.14
description: The uncertainty was assessed by multiple measurements on foraminiferal samples and expressed as the standard error on the mean.
## <a name="IRMS"> Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer</a> Type: Instrument
name: Multiprep Dual Inlet system attached to an Isoprime stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer
hasUncertainty: [IRMS Uncertainty](#IRMSU)
## <a name="IRMSU"> IRMS Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: IRMS Uncertainty
hasValue: 0.1
hasUnits: per mil
## <a name="d18O_interp_1">d18O interpretation-1</a> Type: ClimateInterpretation
name: Temperature
interpretationDirection: negative
interpretationReferences: [Epstein.1953.GSABull](#epstein1953)
## <a name="d18O_interp_2">d18O interpretation-2</a> Type: ClimateInterpretation
name: Seawater d18O
interpretationDirection: positive
interpretationReferences: [Epstein.1953.GSABull](#epstein1953)
## <a name="epstein1953"> Epstein.1953.GSABull </a> Type: Publication
publicationYear: 1953
hasLink: http://gsabulletin.gsapubs.org/content/64/11/1315
title: Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale
creator: Epstein, S.
creator: Buchsbaum, R.
creator: Lowenstam, H.A.
creator: Urey, H.C.
name: Geological Society of America Bulletin
volume: 64
issue: 11
pages: 1315-1326
## <a name="#d13C_rub"> d13Cg.rub-w </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *Globigerinoides ruber* stable carbon isotopes
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: [-999.9 -999.9 0.76 ... 0.75 -999.9 0.78]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
notes: Some values from Stott et al. (2004, 2007)
hasUncertainty: [d13C Uncertainty](#d13C_U)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
measuredBy: [Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer](#IRMS)
## <a name="d13CU"> d13C Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: d13C Uncertainty
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: 0.1
description: The uncertainty was assessed by multiple measurements on foraminiferal samples and expressed as the standard error on the mean.
## <a name="d18O_mund"> d18Oc.mund </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *Cibicidoides mundulus* stable oxygen isotopes
hasUnits: per mil
hasValues: [-999.9 2.45 -999.9 .... -999.9 2.73 -999.9]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
hasUncertainty: [d18O Uncertainty](#d18O_U)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
measuredBy: [Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer](#IRMS)
method: Approximately 5-20 specimes of the epifaunal benthic foraminifer *Cibicidoides mundulus* were picked from the >180-micrometer fraction under a binocular miscroscope. The foraminifera were then cleaned following a protocol adapted from Barker et al. [2003].
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-1](#d18O_interp_1)
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-2](#d18O_interp_2)
## <a name="d13C_mund"> d13Cc.mund </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *cibicidoides mundulus* stable carbon isotopes
hasUnits: per mil
hasValues: [-999.9 -0.3 -999.9 .... -999.9 -0.29 -999.9]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
hasUncertainty: [d13C Uncertainty](#d13C_U)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
measuredBy: [Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer](#IRMS)
method: Approximately 5-20 specimes of the epifaunal benthic foraminifer *Cibicidoides mundulus* were picked from the >180-micrometer fraction under a binocular miscroscope. The foraminifera were then cleaned following a protocol adapted from Barker et al. [2003].
## <a name="DataTable1"> MD98-2181 Derived Data - Planktonic</a> Type: PaleoDataTable, ChronDataTable
description: Sea surface temperature and d18Osw interpreted from paired measurements of Mg/Ca and 18Oc measured on the planktonic foraminifer *Globigerinoides ruber* interpreted versus age at each depth horizon in the core. Replicate analyses are averaged and outliers removed.
format: Text File
name: khider2014-sst.txt
includesVariable: [depth_sst](#depth_sst)
includesVariable: [Mg/Ca-g.rub-w](#MgCa_norep)
includesVariable: [d18Og.rub-w](#d18O_rub_norep)
includesVariable: [age_calyrBP](#age_calBP)
includesVariable: [SST](#SST)
includesVariable: [d18Osw](#d18Osw)
## <a name="depth_sst"> Depth for surface variables </a> Type: MeasuredVariable
name: depth
hasUnits: cm
hasValue: [1 2.5 3.... 839 843 846]
## <a name="MgCa_norep"> Mg/Ca-g.rub-w </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *Globigerinoides ruber* white Mg/Ca - No Duplicates
hasUnits: mmol/mol
hasValue: [5.21 5.04 -999.99 ... 5.77 5.45 5.42]
hasMissingValues: -999.99
hasUncertainty: [Mg/Ca Uncertainty](#MgCa_U)
measuredBy: [ICP-AES](#MgCa_instrument)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
method: Duplicates from this study and Stott et al. (2007, 2004) were averaged. Outliers were removed. Outliers were identified as data points more than nine standard deviations away from the mean.
interpretedAs: [Mg/Ca Interpretation](#MgCa_interp)
## <a name="d18O_rub_norep"> d18Og.rub-w </a> MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *Globigerinoides ruber* white stable oxygen isotopes - No Duplicates
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: [-999.99 -2.83 -2.81 ... -2.62 -2.64 -2.53]
hasMissingValues: -999.99
hasUncertainty: [d18O Uncertainty](#d18O_U)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
measuredBy: [Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer](#IRMS)
standard: VPDB
method: Duplicates from this study and Stott et al. (2007, 2004) were averaged. Outliers were removed. Outliers were identified as data points more than nine standard deviations away from the mean.
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-1](#d18O_interp_1)
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-2](#d18O_interp_2)
## <a name="age_calyrBP"> Calendar Age B.P. </a> Type: InferredVariable
name: Calendar Age B.P.
hasUnits: years B.P.
hasValue: [199 205 207 ... 9793 9888 9960]
hasUncertainty: [age uncertainty](#age_U)
inferredFrom: [14C age](#radiocarbon)
calibratedWith: [Age model](#agemodel)
## <a name="age_U"> Age Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: Age Uncertainty
hasUnits: years
hasValue: [-63 96 237 428
-53 104 242 429
-50 107 244 430
... ... ... ...
9634 9747 9844 9960
9726 9839 9942 10059
9794 9909 10015 10134]
description: Each column in the matrix represents the 2.5%, 34%, 68% and 97.5% uncertainty quantile respectively.
modeledBy: [Age model](#agemodel)
## <a name="agemodel"> Age model </a> Type: CalibrationModel
calibrationReferences:[Khider.2014.Paleceanography](#pub1)
## <a name="SST"> Sea Surface Temperature </a> Type: Inferred Variable
name: Sea surface Temperature
hasUnits: degree Celcius
hasValue: [27.8 27.41 -999.9 ... 28.95 28.3 28.24]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
hasUncertainty: [sst uncertainty](#sst_U)
inferredFrom: [Mg/Ca-g.rub-w](#MgCa_norep)
calibratedWith: [SST Calibration](#SST_calibration)
interpretedAs: [SST_interpretation](#sst_interp)
## <a name="sst_U"> Sea surface temperature uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: Sea Surface Temperature Uncertainty
hasUnits: degree celcius
hasValue: [26.88 27.63 28.04 28.74
26.47 27.23 27.65 28.35
-999.9 -999.9 -999.9 -999.9
... ... ... ...
28.08 28.77 29.17 29.88
27.42 28.14 28.53 29.19
27.33 28.06 28.47 29.16]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
description: Each column in the matrix represents the 2.5%, 34%, 68% and 97.5% uncertainty quantile respectively.
modeledBy: [SST calibration](#SST_calibration)
## <a name="SST_calibration"> SST calibration </a> Type: CalibrationModel, SensorModel
name: kisakurek2008
calibrationReferences: [Kisakurek.2008.EPSL](#kisakurek)
calibrationReferences: [Khider.2014.Paleoceanography](#pub1)
## <a name="kisakurek"> Kisakurek.2008.EPSL </a> Type: Publication
publicationYear: 2008
hasLink: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012821X08004007
title: Controls on shell Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca in cultured planktonic foraminiferan, *Globigerinoides ruber* (white)
creator: Kisakurek, B.
creator: Eisenhauer, A.
creator: Bohm, F.
creator: Garbe-Schonberg, D.
creator: Erez, J.
name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
volume: 273
issue: 3-4
pages: 260-269
## <a name="sst_interp"> SST_interpretation </a> Type: ClimateInterpretation
name: Temperature
interpretationDirection: positive
## <a name="d18Osw"> Surface Water d18O </a> Type: Inferred Variable
name: Surface Water d18O
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: [-999.99 0.02 -999.99 ... 0.3 0.13 0.22]
hasMissingValues: -999.99
hasUncertainty: [d18Osw uncertainty](#d18Osw_U)
inferredFrom: [Mg/Ca-g.rub-w](#MgCa_norep)
inferredFrom: [d18Og.rub-w](#d18O_rub_norep)
calibratedWith: [d18Osw calibration](#d18Osw_calibration)
interpretedAs: [Seawater d18O](#d18Osw_interp)
## <a name="d18Osw_U"> d18Osw uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: Surface Water d18O Uncertainty
hasUnits: per mil
hasValue: [-999.9 -999.9 -999.9 -999.9
-0.32 -0.05 0.1 0.35
-999.9 -999.9 -999.9 -999.9
... ... ... ...
-0.04 0.23 0.38 0.63
-0.2 0.07 0.22 0.47
-0.1 0.15 0.31 0.56]
hasMissingValues: -999.9
description: Each column in the matrix represents the 2.5%, 34%, 68% and 97.5% uncertainty quantile respectively.
modeledBy: [d18Osw calibration](#d18Osw_calibration)
## <a name="d18Osw_calibration"> Surface Water d18O Calibration </a> Type: CalibrationModel, SensorModel
name: Bemis1998
calibrationReferences: [Bemis.1998.Paleoceanography](#bemis)
calibrationReferences: [Khider.2014.Paleoceanography](#pub1)
## <a name="bemis"> Bemis.1998.Paleoceanography </a> Type: Publication
publicationYear: 1998
hasLink: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/98PA00070/abstract
title: Reevaluation of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera: Experimental results and revised paleotemperature equation.
creator: Bemis, B. E.
creator: Spero, J.
creator: Bijma, J.
creator: Lea, D.
name: Paleoceanography
volume: 13
issue: 2
pages: 150-160
## <a name="d18Osw_interp"> Seawater d18O </a> Type: ClimateInterpretation
name: Surface Water d18O
interpretationDirection: positive
## <a name="DataTable2"> MD98-2181 Derived Data - Benthic</a> Type: PaleoDataTable, ChronDataTable
description: Benthic d18O interpreted versus age at each depth horizon in the core. Replicate analyses are averaged and outliers removed.
format: Text File
name: khider2014-benth.txt
includesVariable: [depth_benthic](#depth_benthic)
includesVariable: [age_calyrBP](#age_calBP_benthic)
includesVariable: [d18Oc.mund](#d18O_mund_norep)
## <a name="depth_benthic"> Depth for deep ocean variables </a> Type: MeasuredVariable
name: depth
hasUnits: cm
hasValue: [4 7 9.... 841 845 849]
## <a name="age_calyrBP_benthic"> Calendar Age B.P. </a> Type: InferredVariable
name: Calendar Age B.P.
hasUnits: years B.P.
hasValue: [1212 1225 1233 ... 10840 10935 11031]
hasUncertainty: [Transit Time Uncertainty](#age_U_benthic)
inferredFrom: [age_calyrBP](#age_calBP)
calibratedWith: [Age Model Benthic](#agemodel_benthic)
## <a name="age_U_benthic"> Transit Time Uncertainty </a> Type: Uncertainty
name: Benthic Age Model Uncertainty accounting for transit time between the Southern Ocean and the Western Tropical Pacific
hasUnits: years
hasValue: [451 881 1108 1453
492 904 1124 1462
519 920 1135 1468
... ... ... ...
10357 10758 10984 11378
10429 10847 11081 11490
10502 10936 11180 11608]
description: Each column in the matrix represents the 2.5%, 34%, 68% and 97.5% uncertainty quantile respectively. To obtain an independent age model for the MD81 benthic data that accounts for the transit time between the Southern Oceana and our site in the Western Tropical Pacific, we adjusted each time point in the calendar age distributions using a normal distribution characterized by a mean of 1000 years and a standard deviation of 300 years.
modeledBy: [Age Model Benthic](#agemodel_benthic)
## <a name="agemodel_benthic"> Age Model Benthic </a> Type: CalibrationModel
calibrationReferences:[Khider.2014.Paleceanography](#pub1)
## <a name="d18O_mund_norep"> d18Oc.mund </a> Type: MeasuredVariable, Observation
name: *Cibicidoides mundulus* stable oxygen isotopes
hasUnits: per mil
hasValues: [2.75 2.67 2.64.... 2.52 2.91 2.73]
hasUncertainty: [d18O Uncertainty](#d18O_U)
measuredOn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
measuredBy: [Stable Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer](#IRMS)
method: Approximately 5-20 specimes of the epifaunal benthic foraminifer *Cibicidoides mundulus* were picked from the >180-micrometer fraction under a binocular microscope. The foraminifera were then cleaned following a protocol adapted from Barker et al. [2003].
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-1](#d18O_interp_1)
interpretedAs: [d18O interpretation-2](#d18O_interp_2)
## <a name="MgCaProxy"> *Globigerinoides ruber* Mg/Ca</a> Type: ClimateProxy
name: *Globigerinoides ruber* Mg/Ca
archivedIn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
sensingWith: [*Globigerinoides ruber*](#sensor2)
observedAs: [MgCa](#MgCa)
modeledBy: [MgCa Proxy Model](#MgCa_Proxy_Model)
## <a name="sensor2"> *Globigerinoides ruber*</a> Type: OrganicSensor
name: *Globigerinoides ruber*
seasonality: mean annual to warm season
## <a name="MgCa_Proxy_Model"> MgCa Proxy Model </a> Type: ProxySystemModel
name: MgCa Proxy Model for the planktonic foraminifera *G. ruber*
hasPart: [Mg/Ca sensor Model](#SST_calibration)
## <a name="d18OProxy_Planktonic"> *Globigerinoides ruber* d18O</a> Type: ClimateProxy
name: *Globigerinoides ruber* d18O
archivedIn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
sensingWith: [*Globigerinoides ruber*](#sensor2)
observedAs: [d18O](#d18O_rub)
modeledBy: [d18O Proxy Model - *G. ruber*](#d18O_Proxy_Model)
## <a name="d18O_Proxy_Model"> d18O Proxy Model for *G. ruber*</a> Type: ProxySystemModel
name: d18O Proxy Model for the planktonic foraminifera *G. ruber*
hasPart: [d18O Sensor Model - *G. ruber*](#d18Osw_calibration)
## <a name="d18OProxy_Benthic"> *Cibicidoides mundulus* d18O</a> Type: ClimateProxy
name: *Cibicidoides mundulus* d18O
archivedIn: [Marine Sediment Core](#archive)
sensingWith: [*Cibicidoides mundulus*](#sensor3)
observedAs: [d18O](#d18O_mund)
## <a name="sensor2"> *Cibicidoides mundulus*</a> Type: OrganicSensor
name: *Cibicidoides mundulus*
seasonality: mean annual
]]>