A 41-year-old woman who presented with nausea and vomiting for about six months and cough and chest discomfort for two days was admitted to a local medical center. Laboratory tests showed the serum Ca2+ level at 3.49 mmol/L and parathyroid hormone at 78.7 pmol/L. The 99mTc-sestamethoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) thyroid imaging indicated hyperparathyroidism. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed bilateral pulmonary mild linear opacities. The patient was prepared for surgical resection of left parathyroid. Her symptoms suddenly became worse with fever and dyspnea. The surgery was cancelled and a chest CT scan was performed again, which showed a bilateral pulmonary multiple high-density shadow with mass consolidation and exudation that had progressed greatly over the intervening five days. She was then transferred and admitted to our Respiratory Intensive Care Unit. The significant abnormal data for routine blood tests are shown in Table. The patient was diagnosed with severe pneumonia and was administered broad-spectrum antibiotics. Her body temperature returned to normal, but the symptoms of chest discomfort were still obvious. The chest CT was re-examined after two weeks of treatment, which showed obvious calcifications in the bilateral lungs. Therefore, the patient received a CT-guided cutting-needle lung biopsy of the left pulmonary. The histopathological results indicated pulmonary fibrosis and interalveolar septa broadening with multifocal calcium deposition and irregular-shaped calcified bodies. No obvious inflammatory cell or giant cell reaction was observed in pulmonary interstitium. 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scintillation imaging indicated bilateral pulmonary calcification. The patient received a left parathyroid gland resection. The histopathology showed the nest-like distribution of parathyroid tumor cells, which were round or columnar with the cytoplasm being transparent and the nucleus being round or oval. Neither nucleus atypia nor mitotic activity was observed. Branched blood vessels were found between the cells and there was no tumor necrosis. The pathological diagnosis was left parathyroid adenoma. The patient’s serum Ca2+ and parathyroid hormone levels declined to normal soon after the surgery, and her chest-related symptoms improved gradually. Re-examination of chest CT scans (2 weeks after the operation) showed that the lesions, including the calcifications, were mildly improved, whereas the pulmonary calcifications did not deteriorate or improve 8 months later in the follow-up examination.