A 62-year-old caucasian woman, who had undergone curative resection of primary melanoma of the oesophagus 5 years earlier without adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy [,], was referred to our hospital for a solitary pulmonary nodule (13 × 10 mm) in the left upper lobe (LUL) detected during routine follow-up chest X-ray examination. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) showed a well delimited round tumor, about 13 mm in diameter located in the LUL, with no mediastinal lymph-nodes enlargement; brain and abdominal CT performed for staging did not find distant metasteses. Staging was then compleated with flexible endoscopy (the remnant esophagus, stomach and duodenum were normal), immunoscintigraphy with 99 mTc-labeled melanoma monoclonal, bone scan and broncoscopy which resulted all negative. Laboratory tests were unremarcable. Video-assisted lung wedge resection of the pulmonary nodule was carried out successfully. A definitive pathological diagnosis was achieved: the macroscopic examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the CT findings. The final histology confirmed proliferation of small spindle-shaped or stellate cells arranged in a spiral or fascicular structure, the tumor cells were intesively positive for immuno-reaction, using HMB45 anti-melanoma antibodies. These findings were compatible with the diagnosis of metastases of primary esophageal melanoma. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and is still well without any evidence of further recurrence 6 months after surgery. This is a rare case of solitary lung metastasis appearing 5 years after eradication of primary esophageal melanoma.