"Microscopic Dataset of Cutting Tool Flank Wear with Quantitative Measurements and Expert Labels (Project: Thermography Based Advanced Intelligent Tool Condition Monitoring System)"
This (ReadMe) file was created on [2026-03-26] by [NIKA BRILI] 


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GENERAL INFORMATION
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Dataset description:
The dataset contains 104 unique cutting tool inserts and 277 microscope images of cutting tool inserts with varying levels of flank wear, accompanied by quantitative measurements and expert-based classification of tool condition.

The dataset includes:
- microscope images of worn cutting inserts,
- quantitative measurements of flank wear (VBmax),
- additional geometric descriptors (wear area and perimeter),
- expert evaluation of tool usability.

Keywords: tool wear; flank wear; cutting tool inserts; turning; VBmax; wear area; optical microscopy; annotated images; tool condition monitoring; machine learning; dataset

Author/leading researcher details 
Name and surname: Nika Brili
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-8721
SICRIS ID: 36230
Institution: Rudolfovo – Science and Technology Centre Novo mesto
Address: Podbreznik 15, 8000 Novo mesto, Slovenia
Email: nika.brili@rudolfovo.eu
Role in this dataset: project leader, dataset creator

Information about the co-author 
Name and surname: Mohammad Reza Ghavi
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0926-9806
SICRIS ID: 57874
Institution: Rudolfovo – Science and Technology Centre Novo mesto
Address: Podbreznik 15, 8000 Novo mesto, Slovenia
Email: mohammad.reza.ghavi@rudolfovo.eu
Role in this dataset: wear measurements


Date of data collection: from 2025-02-01 to 2025-03-31

Geographical location of data collection: Novo mesto, Slovenia

Information on the funders/programmes/projects that made the data collection possible:
Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (ARIS).
Public call for co-financing of research projects in 2023.
Project: Napredni inteligentni sistem nadzora obrabe rezalnega orodja na podlagi termografije - Thermography Based Advanced Intelligent Tool Condition Monitoring System (Z2-500809)
Lead institution: Rudolfovo – Science and Technology Centre Novo mesto.

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SHARING/ACCESSING INFORMATION
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Data licences/restrictions: 
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

Links to publications that cite or use the data: /

Links to other publicly available data sites: /

Was the data obtained from another, already existing source(s)? No. Data were generated experimentally within the project.

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VIEWING DATA AND FILES
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File list

- Measurements_and_classification.pdf
- Measurements_and_classification.csv
- Images *.jpg
	Description: Microscope images of cutting tool inserts acquired using Andonstar AD409 Max-ES microscope.
	Each tool insert is identified by a unique ID (e.g., 11A, 15B).
	Image types:
		- raw image (no annotations),
		- image with flank wear length (VBmax) marked,
		- image with additional geometric annotations (area and perimeter).
		Note: Not all inserts contain all three image types; in some cases, fewer images are available.


Additional related data collected that were not included in this dataset: /

Versioning history of data: Version 1.0 (2026-03-26): Initial dataset release

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METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION
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Methods used to collect data:
The cutting tool used in the experiments was a CNMG 120404 NGZ insert (grade AC4010K, Sumitomo).

Tool wear was analysed on cutting inserts using optical microscopy (Andonstar AD409 Max-ES). Images were acquired after machining operations.

Flank wear measurements follow the principles of ISO 3685, where VBmax represents the maximum width of the flank wear land measured perpendicular to the cutting edge.
The nose radius region (0,4 mm) was excluded from measurements to ensure consistency and comparability of flank wear evaluation.

Additional parameters were introduced:
	-wear area (projected 2D area of the worn region),
	-wear perimeter (C).
These parameters are not part of the ISO standard and are included for research purposes, particularly for correlation analysis and AI model development.

Data processing:
Wear regions were manually delineated on microscope images. Measurements were extracted and recorded in a structured dataset.

Expert evaluation:
Tool condition classification was performed by two independent experts with extensive experience in turning processes and tool wear assessment. Based on visual inspection of the inserts and measured wear characteristics, each tool was assigned to one of four categories (new, suitable for fine machining, suitable for rough machining, damaged).

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DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION: Measurements_and_classification
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List of variables:

-No.
Description: Unique identifier of tool insert (e.g., 11A, 20B)
-Vbmax [mm]
Description: Maximum flank wear width
Unit: mm
-Area [mm²]
Description: Projected area of the wear region
Unit: mm²
-Perimeter C [mm]
Description: Perimeter of the wear region
Unit: mm
-Comment
Description: Additional notes
-Expert opinion
Description: Tool usability classification
Value codes:
	0 – new
	1 – ok for FINE machining
	2 – ok for ROUGH machining
	3 – damaged