Figs 11A, B
Distribution. Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, southern part of European Russia), Turkey, reared from an imported bulb in the Netherlands (Vujić et al. 2020 b). Altitude: 25–1650 м (up to 1880 m, Vujić et al. 2020).
Host plants: Galanthus alpinus (Fig. 11A); G. lagodechianus; G. woronowii.
Examined material. GEORGIA, Adjara, Sakhalvasho, 41.69N, 41.73E, asl 25 m, xii.2014, 1L3 (1 ♂ with puparium) from G. woronowii bulb, R. Mishustin leg. (SIZK.2019.003); ibid., 05.iii.2020, 2L3 (2♂♂) from G. woronowii bulbs, A. Vujić, A. Šebić, G. Popov & R. Mishustin leg. (SIZK.2022.044, SIZK.2023.004); Adjara, Keda District, Pirveli Maisi, 41.59° N, 41.88° E, asl 225 m, 07.iii.2019, 1L3 (1 ♂ with puparium) from G. alpinus bulb, R. Mishustin & D. Zubov leg. (SIZK.2019.046); ibid., 05.iii.2020, 1L3 from G. woronovii bulb (SIZK.2022.045), 2L3 from G. alpinus bulbs (SIZK.2022.046), A. Vujić, A. Šebić, G. Popov & R. Mishustin leg. (SIZK); Kakheti Region, Lagodekhi, 41.82° N, 46.28° E, asl 400 m, 12.iii.2020, 4L3 (1 ♂) from G. lagodechianus bulbs, A. Vujić, A. Šebić, G. Popov & R. Mishustin leg. (SIZK.2022.035-037); Kakheti Region, Gombori Pass, 41.86° N, 45.28° E, asl 1550–1650 m, 13.iii.2020, 8 L3 (2 ♂♂) from G. alpinus bulbs, A. Vujić, A. Šebić, G. Popov & R. Mishustin leg. (SIZK.2022.008–010, SIZK.2022.027, SIZK.2022.040, SIZK.2023.003). ARMENIA: Kapan, 39.20° N, 46.42° E, asl 1100–1115 m, 9–10.iii.2020, 26 L3 (4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀) from G. lagodechianus bulbs, A. Vujić, A. Šebić, G. Popov & R. Mishustin leg. (SIZK.2022.011–014, SIZK.2022.028-031, SIZK.2022.038, SIZK.2022.039, SIZK.2023.001, SIZK.2023.002, SIZK.2023.029, SIZK.2023.030). All specimens in the SIZK collection except SIZK.2023.001, SIZK.2023.002 (FSUNS). Sampling methods 1b, 2. Notes. In Armenia, in the vicinity of Kapan (2020), we observed cannibalism of a larva of M. caucasicus by another larva of the same species in the bulb of G. lagodechianus which seems to be exceptional. In extremely rare cases, we observed cohabitation of Eumerus sp. larvae with larvae of M. caucasicus on G. lagodechianus (Armenia, Kapan). These Eumerus larvae could not be reared through and their identity is still unknown (see below for M. chrysotrichos).