\begin{table} \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline & Model 1 & Model 2 & Model 3 & Model 4 & Model 5 & Model 6 & Model 7 & Model 8 & Model 9 & Model 10 & Model 11 & Model 12 & Model 13 & Model 14 & Model 15 \\ \hline (Intercept) & $-7.43^{***}$ & $-7.63^{***}$ & $-6.59^{**}$ & $-6.20^{**}$ & $-3.35$ & $-3.45$ & $-4.13^{*}$ & $-4.12^{*}$ & $-2.90$ & $-2.88$ & $-3.64$ & $-3.67$ & $-3.81^{*}$ & $-3.69$ & $-3.19$ \\ & $(2.19)$ & $(2.22)$ & $(2.14)$ & $(2.16)$ & $(1.80)$ & $(1.85)$ & $(1.90)$ & $(1.94)$ & $(1.85)$ & $(1.81)$ & $(1.93)$ & $(1.89)$ & $(1.93)$ & $(1.89)$ & $(1.84)$ \\ Co-optation & $7.80^{***}$ & $7.85^{***}$ & $6.70^{***}$ & $6.71^{***}$ & $4.16^{**}$ & $4.35^{**}$ & $5.04^{***}$ & $5.17^{***}$ & $4.19^{**}$ & $4.17^{**}$ & $5.04^{***}$ & $5.02^{***}$ & $4.58^{**}$ & $4.40^{**}$ & $3.84^{**}$ \\ & $(1.68)$ & $(1.72)$ & $(1.61)$ & $(1.67)$ & $(1.36)$ & $(1.33)$ & $(1.50)$ & $(1.49)$ & $(1.32)$ & $(1.36)$ & $(1.47)$ & $(1.48)$ & $(1.47)$ & $(1.47)$ & $(1.31)$ \\ Debt crisis & $0.24$ & $0.31$ & $0.24$ & $0.28$ & $0.21$ & $0.21$ & $0.26$ & $0.26$ & $0.22$ & $0.22$ & $0.28$ & $0.28$ & $0.28$ & $0.28$ & $0.23$ \\ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.29)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.30)$ \\ Freedom from killing & $-0.27$ & & $-0.18$ & & $-0.15$ & $-0.15$ & & & $-0.17$ & $-0.16$ & & & & & $-0.09$ \\ & $(0.23)$ & & $(0.22)$ & & $(0.22)$ & $(0.22)$ & & & $(0.22)$ & $(0.22)$ & & & & & $(0.22)$ \\ Support group size & $-0.20$ & & $-0.09$ & & & $0.01$ & & $-0.02$ & $0.01$ & & $-0.03$ & & $0.05$ & & $0.08$ \\ & $(0.23)$ & & $(0.22)$ & & & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.21)$ & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.21)$ \\ Pro-autocracy mobilization & $-0.25$ & & $-0.56^{*}$ & & $-0.46$ & $-0.44$ & $-0.46$ & $-0.43$ & & & & & $-0.67^{**}$ & $-0.69^{**}$ & $-0.68^{**}$ \\ & $(0.26)$ & & $(0.23)$ & & $(0.26)$ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.26)$ & & & & & $(0.23)$ & $(0.23)$ & $(0.23)$ \\ Opposition autonomy & $-0.13$ & $-0.24$ & $-0.16$ & $-0.21$ & $0.19$ & $0.20$ & $0.13$ & $0.15$ & $0.23$ & $0.23$ & $0.18$ & $0.17$ & $0.12$ & $0.11$ & $0.15$ \\ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.23)$ & $(0.23)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ \\ Regime duration & $0.33$ & $0.34$ & $0.27$ & $0.27$ & $0.43^{*}$ & $0.45^{*}$ & $0.44^{*}$ & $0.45^{*}$ & $0.47^{*}$ & $0.47^{*}$ & $0.47^{*}$ & $0.47^{*}$ & $0.40^{*}$ & $0.37$ & $0.39^{*}$ \\ & $(0.21)$ & $(0.21)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ & $(0.20)$ \\ State ownership of economy & $1.42^{***}$ & $1.21^{***}$ & $1.32^{***}$ & $1.18^{***}$ & $1.33^{***}$ & $1.37^{***}$ & $1.29^{***}$ & $1.33^{***}$ & $1.34^{***}$ & $1.33^{***}$ & $1.29^{***}$ & $1.27^{***}$ & $1.30^{***}$ & $1.27^{***}$ & $1.32^{***}$ \\ & $(0.32)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.32)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.32)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.30)$ & $(0.31)$ & $(0.31)$ \\ Polyarchy & $6.88^{***}$ & $6.88^{***}$ & $6.05^{**}$ & $6.24^{**}$ & & & & & & & & & & & \\ & $(1.95)$ & $(1.94)$ & $(1.91)$ & $(1.91)$ & & & & & & & & & & & \\ Polarization & $-0.76^{**}$ & $-0.79^{**}$ & & & $-0.60^{*}$ & $-0.60^{*}$ & $-0.58^{*}$ & $-0.58^{*}$ & $-0.69^{**}$ & $-0.69^{**}$ & $-0.67^{**}$ & $-0.67^{**}$ & & & \\ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.25)$ & & & $(0.25)$ & $(0.26)$ & $(0.25)$ & $(0.25)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & & & \\ Freedom from torture & & $-0.14$ & & $-0.07$ & & & $0.14$ & $0.13$ & & & $0.13$ & $0.13$ & $0.14$ & $0.16$ & \\ & & $(0.24)$ & & $(0.24)$ & & & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & & & $(0.24)$ & $(0.23)$ & $(0.24)$ & $(0.24)$ & \\ Opposition group size & & $0.18$ & & $0.05$ & $0.07$ & & $0.10$ & & & $0.00$ & & $0.02$ & & $0.08$ & \\ & & $(0.22)$ & & $(0.21)$ & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.22)$ & & & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.21)$ & & $(0.21)$ & \\ Pro-democracy mobilization & & $-0.07$ & & $-0.24$ & & & & & $-0.18$ & $-0.19$ & $-0.17$ & $-0.17$ & & & \\ & & $(0.16)$ & & $(0.15)$ & & & & & $(0.16)$ & $(0.16)$ & $(0.16)$ & $(0.16)$ & & & \\ \hline Fixed Effects & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes \\ Lagged DV & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes & Yes \\ AIC & $698.76$ & $700.60$ & $704.79$ & $708.02$ & $709.85$ & $709.89$ & $710.00$ & $710.09$ & $711.37$ & $711.38$ & $711.64$ & $711.68$ & $712.69$ & $712.71$ & $712.85$ \\ BIC & $1181.93$ & $1183.77$ & $1182.34$ & $1185.57$ & $1187.41$ & $1187.45$ & $1187.55$ & $1187.64$ & $1188.92$ & $1188.93$ & $1189.20$ & $1189.23$ & $1184.63$ & $1184.64$ & $1184.78$ \\ Log Likelihood & $-263.38$ & $-264.30$ & $-267.40$ & $-269.01$ & $-269.93$ & $-269.95$ & $-270.00$ & $-270.04$ & $-270.68$ & $-270.69$ & $-270.82$ & $-270.84$ & $-272.35$ & $-272.36$ & $-272.42$ \\ Deviance & $526.76$ & $528.60$ & $534.79$ & $538.02$ & $539.85$ & $539.89$ & $540.00$ & $540.09$ & $541.37$ & $541.38$ & $541.64$ & $541.68$ & $544.69$ & $544.71$ & $544.85$ \\ Num. obs. & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ & $2035$ \\ \hline \multicolumn{16}{l}{\scriptsize{$^{***}p<0.001$; $^{**}p<0.01$; $^{*}p<0.05$}} \end{tabular} \caption{Statistical models} \label{table:coefficients} \end{center} \end{table}