date: Soil sampling date

pointid: Identical pointid links soil samples repeatedly collected in 2009 and 2018

lat, long: Latitude and longitude indicating spatial location

OC, MAOC, POC, fMAOC: Soil organic carbon (SOC; hereafter OC); particulate organic carbon (POC); mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC); ratio of MAOC to OC (fMAOC). Unit: g kg⁻¹

clay, silt, sand: Soil texture. Unit: %

ph_cacl2, ph_h2o: Soil pH (measured in CaCl₂ and water, denoted as pH_in_CaCl and pH_in_H₂O, respectively)

n: Soil nitrogen. Unit: g kg⁻¹

NPP: Net primary productivity. Unit: kg C m⁻²

SW: Soil water content. Unit: m³ m⁻³

SPEI: Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index

MAT: Mean annual temperature. Unit: K
