We set each drive to their experimental parameters and varied the
baseline germination rate (b) and fitness cost (s_g or s_s), while
keeping all other seedbank parameters at their defaults. For a given
drive, b, and s_g or s_s, we varied the drive homozygote introduction
frequency from 0 to 1 (for modification drives) or from 0 to 0.5 (for
suppression drives) in steps of 0.01 and tracked the rate of drive
spread across 10 replicates. For modification drives, “drive spread” is
defined as the drive ending the simulation at a higher frequency than it
was released at, and for suppression drives, “drive spread” is defined
as the drive either eliminating the population or ending the simulation
at a higher frequency than it was released at. To run SLiM replicates
and calculate the drive spread rate, we used Cornell University’s
Computational Biology Department’s high-performance super-computing
cluster. The following sections describe constants that must be set in
the SLiM model (seedbank.slim) to simulate each
threshold-dependent drive. All other constants should not be changed
from their current values in the script. For each type of drive and
fitness cost, we also include an example simulation that can be run at
the command line.
L: 10b: for each s_g value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Ts_g: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_g = 0.05, s_g
= 0.1, and s_g = 0.25.s_s: 0.0GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.941GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.984CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE: 0.96INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_g
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
1.0 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=0.2 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=T -d s_g=0.1 -d s_s=0.0 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.941 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.984 -d CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE=0.96 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates CAIN with s_g=0.1, b=0.2, an introduction frequency of
25% in drive homozygotes, and all other parameters set to their
defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes
around 7 minutes to run. Note: if the SLiM file is not in your current
directory, replace seedbank.slim with the path to the
file.
L: 10b: for each s_g value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Fs_g: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_g = 0.05, s_g
= 0.1, and s_g = 0.25.s_s: 0.0GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.974GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.974CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE: 1.0MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE: 0.207INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_g
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
1.0 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=0.2 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=F -d s_g=0.1 -d s_s=0.0 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.974 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.974 -d CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE=1.0 -d MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE=0.207 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates ClvR with s_g=0.1, b=0.2, an introduction frequency of
25% in drive homozygotes, and all other parameters set to their
defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes a
little over 7 minutes to run. Note: if the SLiM file is not in your
current directory, replace seedbank.slim with the path to
the file.
L: 10b: for each s_g value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: TFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Fs_g: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_g = 0.05, s_g
= 0.1, and s_g = 0.25.s_s: 0.0GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.974GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.974CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE: 1.0MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE: 0.207INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_g
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
0.5 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=T -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=F -d s_g=0.1 -d s_s=0.0 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.974 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.974 -d CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE=1.0 -d MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE=0.207 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates the ClvR male suppression drive with s_g=0.1, b=1.0,
an introduction frequency of 25% in female drive homozygotes, and all
other parameters set to their defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro
CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about 40 seconds to run. Note: if the SLiM
file is not in your current directory, replace
seedbank.slim with the path to the file.
L: 10b: for each s_g value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: TCAIN: Fs_g: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_g = 0.05, s_g
= 0.1, and s_g = 0.25.s_s: 0.0GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.974GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.974CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE: 1.0MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE: 0.207INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_g
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
0.5 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=T -d CAIN=F -d s_g=0.1 -d s_s=0.0 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.974 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.974 -d CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE=1.0 -d MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE=0.207 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates the ClvR female suppression drive with s_g=0.1, b=1.0,
an introduction frequency of 25% in male drive homozygotes, and all
other parameters set to their defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro
CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about a minute and a half to run. Note: if the
SLiM file is not in your current directory, replace
seedbank.slim with the path to the file.
L: 10b: for each s_g value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: TFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Ts_g: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_g = 0.05, s_g
= 0.1, and s_g = 0.25.s_s: 0.0GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.941GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.984CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE: 0.96INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_g
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
0.5 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=T -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=T -d s_g=0.1 -d s_s=0.0 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.941 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.984 -d CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE=0.96 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates the CAIN male suppression drive with s_g=0.1, b=1.0,
an introduction frequency of 25% in female drive homozygotes, and all
other parameters set to their defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro
CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes around 3 minutes to run. Note: if the SLiM
file is not in your current directory, replace
seedbank.slim with the path to the file.
L: 10b: for each s_s value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Ts_g: 0.0s_s: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_s = 0.05, s_s
= 0.1, and s_s = 0.25.GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.941GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.984CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE: 0.96INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_s
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
1.0 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=T -d s_g=0.0 -d s_s=0.25 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.941 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.984 -d CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE=0.96 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates CAIN with s_s=0.25, b=1.0, an introduction frequency
of 25% in drive homozygotes, and all other parameters set to their
defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about
1 minute to run. Note: if the SLiM file is not in your current
directory, replace seedbank.slim with the path to the
file.
L: 10b: for each s_s value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Fs_g: 0.0s_s: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_s = 0.05, s_s
= 0.1, and s_s = 0.25.GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.974GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.974CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE: 1.0MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE: 0.207INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_s
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
1.0 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=F -d s_g=0.0 -d s_s=0.25 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.974 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.974 -d CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE=1.0 -d MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE=0.207 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates ClvR with s_s=0.25, b=1.0, an introduction frequency
of 25% in drive homozygotes, and all other parameters set to their
defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about
45 seconds to run. Note: if the SLiM file is not in your current
directory, replace seedbank.slim with the path to the
file.
L: 10b: for each s_s value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: TFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Fs_g: 0.0s_s: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_s = 0.05, s_s
= 0.1, and s_s = 0.25.GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.974GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.974CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE: 1.0MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE: 0.207INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_s
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
0.5 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=T -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=F -d s_g=0.0 -d s_s=0.25 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.974 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.974 -d CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE=1.0 -d MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE=0.207 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates the ClvR male suppression drive with s_s=0.25, b=1.0,
an introduction frequency of 25% in female drive homozygotes, and all
other parameters set to their defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro
CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about 45 seconds to run. Note: if the SLiM
file is not in your current directory, replace
seedbank.slim with the path to the file.
L: 10b: for each s_s value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: TCAIN: Fs_g: 0.0s_s: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_s = 0.05, s_s
= 0.1, and s_s = 0.25.GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.974GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.974CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE: 1.0MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE: 0.207INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_s
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
0.5 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=T -d CAIN=F -d s_g=0.0 -d s_s=0.25 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.974 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.974 -d CLVR_PENETRANCE_RATE=1.0 -d MATERNAL_CARRYOVER_RESCUE_RATE=0.207 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates the ClvR female suppression drive with s_s=0.25,
b=1.0, an introduction frequency of 25% in male drive homozygotes, and
all other parameters set to their defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2
Pro CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about 2 minutes to run. Note: if the SLiM
file is not in your current directory, replace
seedbank.slim with the path to the file.
L: 10b: for each s_s value, we explored b = 0.05, b = 0.2, b
= 0.5, and b = 1.0.m: 0.0.d: 1.0q: 0.1K: 10000TRACK_FREQUENCIES: FBASELINE_OVULE_AVG: 60BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG: 180MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: TFEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE: FCAIN: Ts_g: we explored 3 fitness cost values: s_s = 0.05, s_s
= 0.1, and s_s = 0.25.s_s: 0.0GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE: 0.941GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE: 0.984CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE: 0.96INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY: for a given b and s_s
combination, we varied the the introduction frequency between 0.0 and
0.5 in steps of 0.01.HETEROZYGOUS_DROP: FPRESEED_R1_ALLELES: Fslim -d L=10 -d b=1.0 -d m=0.0 -d d=1.0 -d q=0.1 -d K=10000 -d TRACK_FREQUENCIES=F -d BASELINE_OVULE_AVG=60 -d BASELINE_EFFECTIVE_POLLEN_AVG=180 -d MALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=T -d FEMALE_FERTILITY_SUPPRESSION_DRIVE=F -d CAIN=T -d s_g=0.0 -d s_s=0.25 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_FEMALE=0.941 -d GERMLINE_CLEAVAGE_RATE_MALE=0.984 -d CAIN_PENETRANCE_RATE=0.96 -d INTRODUCTION_FREQUENCY=0.25 -d HETEROZYGOUS_DROP=F -d PRESEED_R1_ALLELES=F seedbank.slim
This simulates the CAIN male suppression drive with s_s=0.25, b=1.0,
an introduction frequency of 25% in female drive homozygotes, and all
other parameters set to their defaults. On a MacBook Pro (Apple M2 Pro
CPU, 8GB RAM), this takes about 1.5 minutes to run. Note: if the SLiM
file is not in your current directory, replace
seedbank.slim with the path to the file.