   N      W      j          Y                    *                            @                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A            A           @@!A     !A      $  A  P  $ H 	@@ P  @@ $  $ H @@  	A@@P  @@  @ @ @ P  
 H                                                                                                                                                          @    @                    @           @    @                          @                                                  @              @                    @     @                              @H                                                                                4       T   @A >           !N 8 4    
                 ` A  @      #     `          x               !    @  N                   8    ` @                T        @ > 8      	      0  A        0  0  x                       @ 
N    @ TP               8  @      !  8                               D           @                                  @                                           @          @                   @   @                                              @                                                   @        @     @                        @                @  @                                             @  @        @                                              @                      @              @                                     @           @                                                                                                                                                 {   {        ;   {   {    {            {   {   {   @             {      {   {          {   {   {   {      @          {   {   {     {   {      {     {   ;      {          {   {     {      {    {     {      {   {   {   {   {   {         {      @  @  {     {       @  {    {      {           {   {         {   {         {       {                                                     {             {       @ @ @ @ @ @ {     {     {      {                                                                                                              D @A@A!@ AA @@!!A!@ 	 AA@A@@!AAAAAA A@AAA@        @ ??   ^^ ?  ??    ^               ?       ?   ? ? ~ ?  ???  ?  @@@@@ ? 8   ? @                                                                                                             @    8          ~              ~                 |   @                                          @      `                                                                       R$i$i$I҄HIH4%$iҤ)M6I$M$I$I$I$I$I&I$I$)                                                                   `    @      (    
`   (         0          `    AaDAAt 1AG@t AqqtWqAqqDA1A33                                             s sFps9@~9 9 # 3΁s9yLsY@RρB9{?=x=s=                             @0   @ p`        @   `      @ n   8        0    "       @        ?@ D    D   :C @   @ 0!aCp\   0	`                                    Q! 330"!!QQ30%1"1#1#                                             H @D  A @  $H@	!@  &   	 @(@
 AD       
H @    
 $  @ B AP$  
@  0@ @ @   @D $$ @ @@    @                                                                      H$I$I"II(DM$I%I"I"EHS$I) HD$%I$$)I                                                                 $I$I$I$)$I$I$II$IR$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$%I"I$                                                                 @A!B!BPB!F B@aB!B!  !AaB"!B D   B!B!B!B!B                                 $I  @`   m`h ` M    @$  $9`                                                                                                       p             :                                                                               8                       A    |                                       P0               @           A               @             @                                                                                     @                                    @                                    
                                                                                                                                                            I$I$I$II$I$I$IB%I$	$I$$I$I$I$$%IB$$I$$I                                                                  (HDD                                             				 			@@@@@@@@                                                                                          HImHHII$E$IR$I$I&I4IQ$I)$I$IH$I$I$                                                                 I$,$I$I$J$$I%I(I$Id%J%I($$%I"ID$I(J                                                                  $IdHdD$I$I!IdH$I$C$I$IaB"ɐ$ITH$$$IHRd$IB!I                                                                 @ @` "@ @ @  @ @ d @  @ @      @ "@` @ @ @` @                                                                                                                I$Q$I$I"%I$I$J$I$I$I$I$Q$I%$IDI$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  $II$I$)$E$%")$I$I$I$IE$ɐH$)R$I$I$I$I$I$)                                                                 $II$I$)$E$"	$I$I$I$IC$ɐH$)R$I$I$I$I$I$)                                                                 4                                                $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$A$I$I$I$I$iZH$I @$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$A$I$I$I$I$%H$I @$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$A$I$I$I$I$9iH$InF$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$A$I$I$I$I$9(H$I&IB$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$A$I$I$I$I$9(H$I&IB$I                                                                           $C   l              @    `0    @                                                                   I2%Ѧ(I,K-˖l$IDShK-$ْmI$%˲%$Km۲m-˶H%ɒ                                                                    @  @ @             P         %  @   @ PH    @  BP(@ P(
B
`0                                                                                                                         ɲ$I$I$K$ɒ$ɒ$I$IdI%I$I$I$I$K$I$I$I$I$˖%I%I                                                                  HI$I$ $i H @ H   	$HA  $I$I$q I                                                                   A  @             @ A                                                                                                  D                @ A                                                                                                  $IEٶ$@JH I$I$( H  $I H$i$K$I I$I I$I$I                                                                 !2B!@B!B!B!H!B!BB!B!B!B!B!B$B!B!B!$B!B!B!B!                        I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$ɒ$J$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I(I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  Q$Q$J$I"%I$I$J$I$I$I$I$Q$I%$IDI$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  II"I$	$E$!!)$I$I$I$IA$I$H$	$I$I$I$I$I$)                                                                 II!I$$G$"$I$I$I$IA$ɑ$H$	2$I$I$I$I$I$)                                                                 BB$B!@H!B!BB$@B!B!B!B!BB!H!B!@B Ba! BB!B!B!@                        I$I$I$I4I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$$"I&I$I$I$I$I                                                                  I$$I$I$I$I$I$I$I(I$I$I$J$I$I$I$I$I$$%I(I                                                                  B"                                             I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$IDI$IDI"%I)I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$IDI$I$I                                                                  AAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA    x                                             $I$I$I$I$I$I$II$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$%I"I$                                                                  @ 	  @   @   @  @    @    B   0@ 0 @   @  @@ $  @ @ @  @@    @   @   @  @ $  @  @ @                                                                        B&$%ȲmW KIIH&,Y(J6%I!5$hB&I
LHD$#9J$$                                                                   "           "    #  *                                                                                                 I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$$I$I$I%I$I$I$I"I$IH$I                                                                  $I$I$I$I$I$$I$I$IdH$I$C$ɐ$I$I$I$$IH$IJD$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$INIB$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$INB$I                                                                 $I$I$I$I$I$I$II$IR$I$I$I$I$IR$II$I$IR$I"E$                                                                 !B""!""DA!""!$!!(!81 "AK2"C"""1($A""""!"                                             I$I$I$I$I$$I$I$I$	$I$I$L$I$	$l&IB$D	I$0I                                                                  I$I$I$I$I$J$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$$J$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  $I$I$I$I$I!I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$IH!I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                                                                0@         @         @      @    @  @                    A            @                         @P              @                                                                            "           HD   A  @ H   @  @                                                        B!DA!!  B@! !
@  B B!DA!B !D B!B!B!B !@!B @!                        I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  $E$9$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                 I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I(K$I$I,J$I$I$I$I                                                                  I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I(I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  J$ɤ,ɶmK,KMdK$Z,I,K$mӶ%),eKlږ$ImʶmI$I                                                                   P@@ X  @`88` C 
 x P P !p@ A 0 `C0@` t
 
@ (	` P@ (  @ @                                                                                                               !Ud#d%%C7a%2O$%ʴMےԆJX쒲'IڲM$ٶc$I$                                                                 Q$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$Q$I$I%I$I$I$Ymے$I$I%I                                                                  I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$II$I$$I$I$I4ٶmI$I$I$I                                                                 I$I$I$I$I$K$I$I$I$I$IdI$I%I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  Ȉ                                             I$I$I$I$I$K$I$I$I$I$I$I$K%I$ْ$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  J$I$IHI$KII$I%Y(Y$J$)I%(R$I$IH$I"-J$I$˔                                                                  HHDHDhHHȈ(bȄF$D$D                                             H1                                             I$$I$Q$I$I$I$I$I(I$I$ɒ$J$I$Q$$%I"I$$%I(I                                                                       `                 H          A  (   (     B!!B!A!B!B!B!B!B!B!B!b! B!B!0@!pBB!!BB!B!                        J$I$%I$IJ$KM$I%R)I$K$(ɢ$HR"%Q%IH$I(J$I%J                                                                  
 
B    "
   `  
`  B "   (  (  
    "         !$$#I!I&IYdH$Mň$C&IDd)$F)E$IJD$)"I$I!C                                                                 (                                             X"T8                                             I$I$I$I$IDI$I$I$I$I$I$I$I,I$I$I$I$I,I$I$K                                                                  J$%$)&IR(JIHEZ)Q(J$IJ -HR"%)IL$I"(4%I)                                                                 
  (  ( 	 
 (   ( (
@
  (     8H      (
"( (
   (    c    A   @ H ` @`  ``A 8A A ``   !   a   (    "II$D(R%IE"IQ$I"iHQHI$I)$%I$IH$%IHR                                                                  ` `  @@ @  @    @`  B X 0 ` (`  @ 0  " @ @ 0 
 @   P                                                                                                               a$a$LBIB2I	ɐLH%d0I$$aaH&I&$$aI$I$C&L$&	C                                                                 $I$I$I$M$I$I$I$I$I&I$I$I$I$I$IJH$I$I$I$I$                                                                  J D0     ! F!@  !D 0 @    0@C 0       B Ba!B! B!                            @B` @  @A"B ! @B "  A@@B@ "D  !QB ( A!QBAA@ "    A	 	 $$E$C! A$I HH	$ @H$)2$I @$	 I$I$                                                                  !A2"DA!Q"2%#!!1QA"""                                                       B              A  @                                  B                                                      0      0                     0`                0                                                                                  0                      `                                                                                                                                                                                                           (b" 8"( """                                                 @  @      P@ $                    $	                                                                                               @                                                                                              @  @      $                    $	                                                                                 @  @       	$                     $	                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  @ !B B  B!B B!! @ !B! !f!B    B!B!B!    !B B!B                         $ I @ A"H      @
$ $AR @ !IJ$I A    
                                                                         B  ! @    P             @         @@    @ B!    !B                                     (                                                  "M @ !HDDD     P   "    A$I
@$       @                                                                  C!$$$Ð$C&!	C$IaHLHdQH$2$I&IB$)2"I$ɐd                                                                  H$I-I$JTJH$%I$Q$I$II%JHI")I$!I&I$Iɶ%I(I                                                                               $                       @                                                                                   L      @        ( @ A                 I      l&@                                                                   @@      @        ( @A    0             I       $I                                                                     @                @ A                                                                                                                        a                                                                                                    @     $     H  @  i         I$$I@                                                                          @    $ "h H  @  	       I$$I@                                                                          @    $  " H  @  	       I$m@  H                                                                    I$IR$ID"I"%H$I$IR$I$I$I$IRH)$I$I$I$I$I                                                                 @@ H  @ ( @  @ I'`         R@      $  @                                                                  1D""Q 1!P2!A2D"#DADD323XBDD`                                              !@ @ B    B! @ #    @ @     B B @ a @H      !P! !BBB                         I$I$I"II$I%I$I$R(I$J$$I$$R$I$IH$I$J$I%                                                                 $K	$$$	$$ *C$I"IdJAT 
H$	$IiK$!I$                                                                 $A	$$$	$A$ C$I!IdJAdR H$	$I0@$!I$	$                                                                  
48H ! Aa! !@  @   1A
HB @   	  @k-!B@#)B                          aD$	B$II$DB	 L,aB	P $YB$$A$B                                                                  2	$IDhIHD
D	$ M(	$A@ $IB$h,$		B                                                                        A                                             J$$)$IR$JIH$R)Q($I"%(R()$I$I"i&%I)                                                                 "%$IE!IEHJFE%cHE(c"
IBJHD$ố$IbD                                                                 "%d,K	C$IQJHJLE4&IC3a&9"Iȅ"IJD$Ii$I"E                                                                 A@ AA@@A@@AA@@@@@@  @@                                                                                           0  $@@  0  @ @`   0  0 B` @    `  " BH$ @  @  `4
 @ @`                                                                                                                 I$I%I$I$I$Q$$I$I$I$Q$K$I$I$I-I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  $I$ɐ$I$I$IIdH$I$I$IC%I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                 I$)$I$IHI$$I$Q($IIJ%J$I$I-I$I$I($%I(J                                                                  J$K$I"II$KIIH%R(Y$J$)I$$R$I%I($I$J$I%                                                                 (("A(                                             B!B B!B!BB!B!@!B!B!B!B!B!B!B!BaF"!B!B!B!B!                        $C$$I$I$I$I$II$I$I$I$I$I"I$I$I^D$I$I$I$I                                                                 J$I$%I"II$KIIH%R(I$J$(I$$R$I%IH$I$K$I%                                                                 A(                                             J$(ɒ$R$KI,I$Y%Y(I6%ђhJ%J)K$Q)IL$IH"%I,J                                                                  !+BIA'I'H$I<ɐ,I$[LI"C"Ɇ%IɄ$I6dB$IN)$I!C                                                                 B9 J!&@ !BB!PBPBaBPLBBB!P@ŁB5!B!FBB!                           X 8 ! ! (   X  ` `  !   8 
  `8!   1              B "!J!A !B1"!B!C!B!BB!B
B!B!A!B!B!B!GvXBB!                        $I$I$I$"IIHI$I$I$I"I(RI)$I$I$I&m$I                                                                   @  @    @  H h P  @ @@PP    P  P             #*                                                  `   !0 @   @ @ @@`   @          ` ( #   @    ` @ 0  @        , 4                                                                                                                @        @      @  @            @   @     @                0                 @                                                                                                                                     h                                                                           I$a$L$IBIDI$LB&I$I$I$L$a$I	&II$IB$$II$I                                                                  ABB0B! !!DB!DC0 a! C!B!B0BB!`! c! C!P! !B!DHB!                         BHB	0F!!(T"Pc0 !	
B	,B0"H
$0D  #
	   !!AJ B	$                         H$I2IdH	$ɑI"$HraH0H$9$I2I$E0%I $I$EI I                                                                 I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$Ilڔ$I                                                                  $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$IB$I                                                                 I$a$%L&IIBJIIHD&R(Q$$)c$$*IIHD$#%JI%B                                                                 HHDDDHDDDBHHH("$DDD"(H                                             (                                                 J$%$)Ԕ RDJIHD&SD%Q(J6iTI(I$
&BJHD$H, (J                                                                  8A1!H 3H8"C8(88(21B+88   8                                             A $A`V  A  `E  8 a ` ` a `APA& `р`    8C           8A     A H 8  `  `XC `P`            *    !aDC	C!ɄI&dB
Ð! $aA!ILȄ!I @$I&a  @!C                                                                 HD DL DHHDDDLHHHH  XHHDDLHH  DD   H                                             IaDT$B$II%TB*DEY$IL$cDQ	EGJI$IB$$QIDQ                                                                  mB!p@!!0D Bp@a!0#0B B!p@!B%B!B!B! !0@!B 0@!                        J$a$L$IBKDI$LF&I$I$I$\$c-I	&IDI$IB$$II$I                                                                  8ȈȉH                                             !I$E$I$I'IR$I$M$I$I$I,I%I$I$I$ǐ$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                 I$a$L$IBI$I$LB&I$I$IiL$aDI	&II$IB$$II$I                                                                  8                                             I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$Q$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  I$a$L$IBI(I$LB&I$I$I$L(a$I	&IK$IB$$II&I                                                                  $I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I&I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                 I$a$L$IBI$I$LB&I$I$I$L$a$I	&II$IF$$II&I                                                                  $C$)$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$K$I$I$I$I                                                                 I$ɲ$I(I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$J$I$Q$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                  $Ii$)$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I!I$II$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                                                              J$ʤ$4I[$KEђd$Q-I,I$ɒ$%K(J$Q%I$Y$I2M˖,J,                                                                   P  p @`0  PA  @@ "L@ F@ @``L P n  @  @ 8
A`0  B	`                                                                                                                X+!                                             (I@HHH(HȈ,                                              L  @    @      @ A6l0       @                                                                                   a%	B(HI$DB"	$$L)A2	*HĀY$IB$(AؒA                                                                  0   B #!   B@! " !B()@!B a  !0 !B!B a@a! ` @!                        h$I
H$H II$H&H$	HY$A AA$I$AIJ
E                                                                 (  H"*H                                             I$$L$IBI$J$LB&I$I(I$L$a$J	&"%IB$$.I(I                                                                  B!! !B!B!B!B!B!B(B!B!B!B!B!0!#B!B!;BB!                        $IaH$C$I$I"I$I$I$$I$I$I!I$IH$I$Id$I$I                                                                 H                                             I$a$L"IIBK(HD&J(Y$K$(a$&IIHD$3%KI$IB                                                                 $i$I$i$I&IIJD"E4I&I@$)DI$I$IJD$i&I$I$                                                                 s331Ȉ#C*                                             $Y$I$$$I%IdI&dB!C,I%IdB$dBI$I$I@$ِ%I$I$I                                                                                                               "1"(#"(                                             $i$I$$$I%II&dB!C,I%IdB$dBI$I$I@$Y%I$I$I                                                                  $Y$I$$$I%IdI&dB!C,I%IdB$BI$I$I@$ِ%I$I$I                                                                  $Y$I$H$I%IdI&dD!C,I%IB$dBI$I$I@$ِ%I$I$I                                                                  $i$I$)I$I&IIJD"EI&ID$)DI$I$IJD$i&I$I$I                                                                  H$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$Im$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$                                                                 Ɉ                                             H $  	  @hH 	$@ A H$ )@@"!         @                                                                    HQDR$"%$I$%R(DEQ$IJ$QDQ%DJDI$I$I$Q$IDQ                                                                  !(  (((H(((                                             HIRI($$)H21  )E2I@!)R$I$I$CI$	2)                                                                 !(H(8                                             DHFIR	IdL$	Hra0$!C2ɐdB2 2$I$I$EI$                                                                 HI2 I$0$ 	$HR  !9AI$@ 	$I$I$AI$		                                                                 HFIR Id $ 	dHRHQ !)AI$@"	$I$I$EI$	R	                                                                         (                                             HBI2 I $	$HrcHQ  	AI$@ 	$I$I$GI$	2	                                                                 `                                                     I$Q$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I%I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I                                                                                                         0                                                                                    IQDR$")$I$%RHDE$IJ$QHQ%DJDI$I$I$Q$IDQ                                                                   1  
B   (`   8 (
H A  `   H      
    
    ((                                                    @      `B @$@          @                                                                                 IQDR$"I$Q$%RHDE$IJ$QHQ%DJDI$I$I$Q$IDQ                                                                  H18                                             H I I$(%$%)B$H H$I 	E
I@ )R$I$I$EI$	)                                                                 H I I$(%$H H   	EI$@ 2$I$I$AI$	                                                                 H I I$#9$H H   	E
I$@ )R$I$I$AI$	9                                                                                                          @                                                                                    I I %$ %E"IQ6I&hIR)H"I 
 IH$i$IR$                                                                                                                                                                                                     A               @                                  (  A@ A                        J%$(I HA H@A 	D@ A($ 
 
B I)I     $%I
                                                                  @                           0          @             @                                @                               " (!      " P    (( p            (               (                                                 $  $  $ !     @     	              I  H                                                                                               0                                                                                          II$R$I$$I%QDEQ$IJ$IHQ$IDJ$I$I$I$Q$IDQ                                                                  @ $I I$I $ɒI$H2 H1  y$AI$A I$I$I$AI$	2I                                                                  (h(X(XD(((x                                             @H$II$I $II
HrbQ%I"y$ABI$ER"I$I$I$EI$)RI                                                                 DM$II$I$II
HRHQ%I"i$AJI$ER"I$I$I$EI$)RI                                                                 @($II$I$ɓIdHrq$!i$A"I$ER"I$I$I$GI$I                                                                  I @   )$  $  ` A$I$ H   @            @                                                                                                         @                                                                                   @1@      DA  @      @@  @    @                                                                ЀH @   I$  $ H @ A$I$ H @ @            @                                                                     @
      
 @     $I         @                                                                                              0  @                   @                                                                                   @0 (@            A         `        !    @     @                                  |@       D   @           @      @@@  ""             0            @  @     @@                                                   
   P"   &A     	  L    @                                                                                              	  H        @         @  @                                                                                    ( @
   H"  	H  A !D  ( @                                                                                @  @!       H $@ @       	 @       
    @ @                                                                     !       H $@@       	 @           @ @                                                                     !  @   $@ @       	 @            @ @                                                                  I$-ɔ$K$I,Z$I$Y%Y(I$ɒ($J(I,ђ$$-I$I,ɲ%I(K                                                                  @ 0 ` @`pA @ 
 @     @ @`@`  @ @   @ P @ @@ A 0                                                                                                               $CaȔdC%I$I)I$I,ɐ,$IdIdH"I$ITIZ$A$Idْ$I%C                                                                         @               A  $ @                 @     @         @    A       @ @          @                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              dH dH`6I`6IPrIPrI F F  fD  fDPkIPkI}I}I}I}I@dH@dHII @uD @uD  pD  pD jD jD  dD  dD fD fD}I}IIIHH @fD @fD eD eD  lD  lD @mD @mDP5IP5I`5I`5I eD eD  cD  cD}I}I @bD @bDUIUIHH@tH@tH F F rD rD}I}I D D@AH@AHsIsI kD kD qD qD @pD @pDIHIH tD tD  tD  tDII BH BHrIrI  nD  nD @nD @nD:I:I}I}IsHsH lD lD EH EH  sD  sDIIXLIXLI@H@HHHII nD nD,TI,TI F F @iD @iD AH AH_-H_-H qD qDgrIgrI dD dD fD fD `F `FHH`'I`'I~H~HPzIPzIdHdH D D+H+HuIuI}I}I  H  H}I}I  oD  oD F F  xD  xD}I}I F F @qD @qD  gD  gD aD aDII sD sD F F F F aD aD bD bD}I}I  uD  uD׾H׾H hD hD@SI@SI jF jF `D `D  eD  eD @xD @xD jD jD iD iDHIHIHH xD xDHH ,8F ,8F+H+H@}I@}I tD tD @vD @vD xD xD I I @gD @gD|H|H  ?      wD  wD $G $G @D @D fH fH )G )G #G #G kD kDhHhH @kD @kDIIIIhIhI D DII  !D  !D  D  D D DII  D  DZrIZrI @oD @oD pD pD @dD @dD sD sD  mD  mD }I }I uD uD B1H B1HHHA1HA1H G GGGGGٲHٲHeHeH@3yH@3yH0}I0}I oD oD uD uDII dD dDII oD oDsHsHII sH sH                                                                                                                                                                                                                 !D aD aD @bD bD  cD  dD @dD dD dD  eD eD eD  fD @fD fD fD  gD @gD hD @iD iD jD jD @kD kD kD  lD lD  mD @mD  nD @nD nD  oD @oD oD oD  pD @pD pD @qD qD qD rD  sD sD sD  tD tD tD  uD @uD uD uD @vD  wD  xD @xD xD xD D @D D  D  D D D `D ,8F jF F F F F F F F `FG GG #G $G )G  H AHIH@tH@HHHH@AH BH EHH+H_-HA1H B1HdH dH@dHeHhHsH sHsH@3yH fH|H~HHٲHH׾HH+HPkIP5I`5I:I,TIZrIgrIPrIrIsIPzI}I}I}I}I}I}I}I}I}I }I0}I@}I}I`'IIIIIHIuI@SIII IIhIIIIIII`6IXLIUI                                                                                                                                                                 	@         H            @                @ 2    @ p   @   @     @   p@@    $   @          @ Ѐ
@    (     @                                                                                                                8                                                                                             0                                                                                  x         @      @      @       @      @  !    @      B     D @         @@      @     @         @      @    d   @      @      @      @      @      @       @                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           8   U   n                 .  K  g            .  H  v          $  :  X  t        
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  (  O  u            3  R  j            9  S  v            ;  W  ~        	  V	  s	  	  	  	  	  
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    8  T  u            <  R  }          	  "  >          -  X              .  D  i            %  C  X              -  D  d                                                                                                            <Aberrantidae Wolf, 1987><Acanthobdellidae Grube, 1851><Acanthodrilidae Claus, 1880><Acoetidae Kinberg, 1856><Acrocirridae Banse, 1969><Aeolosomatidae Levinsen, 1884><Alluroididae Michaelsen, 1900><Almidae Duboscq, 1902><Alvinellidae Desbruy\u232?res & Laubier, 1986><Americobdellidae Caballero, 1956><Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1866><Amphinomidae Lamarck, 1818><Aphroditidae Malmgren, 1867><Apistobranchidae Mesnil & Caullery, 1898><Arenicolidae Johnston, 1835><Biwadrilidae Jamieson, 1971><Branchiobdellidae Grube, 1850><Capilloventridae Harman & Loden, 1984><Capitellidae Grube, 1862><Chaetopteridae Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833><Chrysopetalidae Ehlers, 1864><Calamyzinae Hartmann-Schr\u246?der, 1971><Chrysopetalinae Ehlers, 1864><Dysponetinae Aguado, Nygren & Rouse, 2013><Cirratulidae Ryckholt, 1851><Cossuridae Day, 1963><Criodrilidae Vejdovsk, 1884><Ctenodrilidae Kennel, 1882><Cyclobdellidae Ringuelet, 1972a\par{}><Cylicobdellidae Ringuelet, 1972b\par{}><Dinophilidae Macalister, 1876><Diurodrilidae Kristensen & Niilonen, 1982><Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, 1919><Dorydrilidae Cook, 1968><Enchytraeidae d'Udekum, 1855><Erpobdellidae Blanchard, 1894><Eudrilidae Claus, 1880><Eulepethidae Chamberlin, 1919><Eunicidae Berthold, 1827><Euphrosinidae Williams, 1852><Fabriciidae Rioja, 1923><Fauveliopsidae Hartman, 1971><Flabelligeridae de Saint-Joseph, 1894><Gastrostomobdellidae Richardson 1971><Glossiphoniidae (Vaillant, 1890. Revised)><Glossoscolecidae Michaelsen, 1900><Glyceridae Grube, 1850><Goniadidae Kinberg, 1866><Haemadipsidae Blanchard, 1893><Haplotaxidae Michaelsen, 1900><Hartmaniellidae Imajima, 1977><Hesionidae Grube, 1850><Hirudinidae Whitman, 1886><Histriobdellidae Claus & Moquin-Tandon, 1884><Hormogastridae Michaelsen, 1900><Hrabeiellidae Christofferson, 2012\par{}><Iospilidae Bergstr\u246?m, 1914><Iphionidae Kinberg, 1856><Kynotidae Jamieson, 1971><Lacydoniidae Bergstr\u246?m, 1914><Lobatocerebridae Rieger, 1980><Longosomatidae Hartman, 1944><Lopadorrhynchidae Clapar\u232?de, 1870><Lumbricidae Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1815><Lumbriculidae Claus, 1872><Lumbrineridae Schmarda, 1861><Lutodrilidae McMahan, 1976><Magelonidae Cunningham & Ramage, 1888><Maldanidae Malmgren, 1867><Megascolecidae Rosa, 1891><Melinnidae Chamberlin, 1919><Microchaetidae Beddard, 1895 emend. Plisko, 2012><Microphthalmidae Hartmann-Schr\u246?der,1971, emended Salazar Vallejo et al. 2019><Moniligastridae Claus, 1880><Myzostomida von Graff, 1877><Naididae Ehrenberg, 1831\par{}><Naidinae Ehrenberg, 1831><Opistocystinae \u268?ernosvitov, 1936><Pristininae Lasto\u269?kin, 1921><Tubificidae d'Udekem, 1855><Narapidae Righi & Varela, 1983><Nephtyidae Grube, 1850><Nereididae Blainville, 1818><Nerillidae Levinsen, 1883><Ocnerodrilidae Beddard, 1891><Oenonidae Kinberg, 1865><Onuphidae Kinberg, 1865><Opheliidae Malmgren, 1867><Orbiniidae Hartman, 1942><Orobdellidae Nakano, Zainudin & Hikida, 2012><Oweniidae Rioja, 1917><Ozobranchidae Pinto, 1921><Paralacydoniidae Pettibone, 1963><Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909><Parergodrilidae Reisinger, 1925><Parvidrilidae Erseus, 1999><Pectinariidae Quatrefages, 1866><Phreodrilidae Beddard, 1891><Phyllodocidae \u214?rsted, 1843><Alciopini Ehlers, 1864><Pilargidae Saint-Joseph, 1899><Piscicolidae Johnston, 1865. Revised><Poecilochaetidae Hannerz, 1956><Polygordiidae Czerniavsky, 1881><Polynoidae Kinberg, 1856><Pontodoridae Bergstr\u246?m, 1914><Praobdellidae Sawyer, 1986><Propappidae Coates, 1986><Protodrilidae Hatschek, 1888><Protodriloididae Purschke & Jouin, 1988><Psammodrilidae Swedmark, 1952><Randiellidae Ers\u233?us & Strehlow, 1986><Rhinodrilidae Benham, 1890><Sabellariidae Johnston, 1865><Sabellidae Latreille, 1825><Saccocirridae Czerniavsky, 1881><Salifidae Johansson, 1910><Scalibregmatinae Malmgren, 1867><Travisiidae Hartmann-Schr\u246?der, 1971><Semiscolecidae Scriban & Autrum, 1934><Serpulidae Rafinesque, 1815><Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914><Frenulata Webb, 1969><Osedax Rouse, Goffredi & Vrijenhoek, 2004><Sclerolinum Southward, 1961><Vestimentifera Webb, 1969><Sigalionidae Kinberg, 1856><Pelogeniinae Chamberlin, 1919><Pholoinae Kinberg, 1858><Pisioninae Ehlers, 1901><Sigalioninae Kinberg, 1856><Sthenelanellinae Gonzalez, Mart\u237?nez, Borda, Iliffe, Eibye-Jacobsen & Worsaae, 2018><Sipuncula Stephen, 1965><Antillesomatidae Kawauchi, Sharma & Giribet, 2012><Aspidosiphonidae Quatrefages, 1865><Golfingiidae Stephen & Edmonds, 1972><Phascolosomatidae Stephen & Edmonds, 1972><Siphonosomatidae Kuwauchi et al., 2012><Sipunculidae Rafinesque, 1814><Sparganophilidae Michaelsen, 1921><Sphaerodoridae Malmgren, 1867><Spintheridae Augener, 1913><Spionidae Grube, 1850><Sternaspidae Carus, 1863><Syllidae Grube, 1850><Syngenodrilidae Smith & Green, 1919><Terebellidae Johnston, 1846><Polycirrini Malmgren, 1866><Terebellinae Johnston, 1846><Thelepodinae Hessle, 1917><Thalassematidae Forbes & Goodsir, 1841><Bonelliinae Lacaze-Duthiers, 1858><Echiurinae Quatrefages, 1847><Ikedinae Bock, 1942><Thalassematinae Forbes & Goodsir, 1841><Urechinae Monro, 1927><Tiguassidae Brinkhurst, 1988><Tomopteridae Grube, 1850><Trichobranchidae Malmgren, 1866><Tritogeniidae Plisko, 2013><Trochochaetidae Pettibone, 1963><Tumakidae Righi, 1995><Typhloscolecidae Uljanin, 1878><Uncispionidae Green, 1982><Xerobdellidae Moore, 1946><Yndolaciidae St\u248?p-Bowitz, 1987>                                                                                                                                                                                                           a   ~                                 Z  Z            F  F  F  F  F  F  F  F  F  F              4  i        '  '  5  5  U  U  w  w  w                      %  %  G  G      "  u  u  u            R  R  R  q  q    .  .  .  _  _              $	  E	  E	  `	  `	  `	  w	  
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        M  M  ~  ~      '  m  m      0  S  S  S  S  p  p                                                                                                                  <Octochaetidae Michaelsen, 1900 (originally described as a subfamily); Exxidae Blakemore, 2000.><Polyodontidae Augener, 1918><Helmetophoridae Hartman, 1978><Potamodrilidae Bunke, 1967><Archinomidae Kudenov, 1991><Palmyridae Kinberg, 1858><Dorsalees Lamarck, 1818 (in part); Telethusae Savigny, 1822; Branchiomaldanidae Amoureux & Calvario, 1981><Discodrilidae Vejdovsky, 1884; Cambarincolidae \b{}Authority?\b0{}><Halelminthea Carus, 1863; Halelminthidae McIntosh, 1885><Calamyzidae Hartmann-Schr\u246?der, 1971; Ichthyotomidae Eisig, 1906; Nautilliniellidae Miura & Laubier, 1990><Apharyngtidae Worsaae et al., 2021 (after Rouse et al. 2022)><Staurocephalidae Kinberg, 1865; Pseudophyllodocidae Bidenkap, 1895; Iphitimidae Fauchald, 1970><Hippoperidae Taylor, 1949><Eulepidae Darboux, 1899; Pareulepidae Hartman, 1939><Eunicea Kinberg, 1865; Euniphysidae Shen & Wu, 1991><Euphrosynea Kinberg, 1857; Hipponocea Carus, 1863><Chloraemidae Quatrefages, 1849; Pherusea Grube, 1850; Siphonostomaceae Johnston, 1965; Poeobiidae Heath, 1930; Flotidae Buzhinskaya, 1996><leaf leeches><Proboscidea Questrefages, 1866><Domanibdellidae Richardson, 1975><Hesionidae Malmgren, 1867><Haemopidae Richardson, 1969, in part (includes \i{}Haemopsis\i0{} Savigny, 1822)><Ailoscolecidae Bouch\u233?, 1969><Heterospionidae Hartman, 1963><Diporodrilidae Bouch\u233?, 1970><Lysaretea Kinberg, 1865; Ninoidea Kinberg, 1865; Lombrinerea Quatrefages, 1866; Lumbrinereidae Malmgren, 1867; Lumbriconereidae Grube, 1878; Uncinisetidae Bidenkap, 1907; Aotearinae Benham, 1927><Maedae Jonhston, 1865><Maldaniae Savigny, 1822; Maldania Grube, 1850; Bogueidae Hartman & Fauchald, 1971><Kazimierzidae Nxele, Plisko, Mwabvu & Zishiri, 2016 (see Remarks)><Branchinaididae Czerniavsky, 1881; Chaetogastridae Levinsen, 1884; Tubificidae d'Udekem, 1855><Chaetogastrinae Sperber, 1948; Paranaidinae Sperber, 1948><Aulodrilinae Hrab\u283?, 1967><Nephthydidae Malmgren, 1867><Lycoridae Grube, 1850, Aretidae Kinberg, 1866; Leonnatidea Kinberg, 1866; Niconidea Kinberg, 1866; Pisenoidea Kinberg, 1866; Notophycidae Knox & Cameron, 1970><Laidea Kinberg, 1856; Arabellidae Hartman, 1944><Opheliacea Grube, 1850; Opheliadae Williams, 1852><Ariciea Quatrefages, 1866; Ariciidae Malmgren, 1867; Phylonidae Stop-Bowitz, 1948; Questidae Hartman, 1966><Levinseniens Mesnil & Caullery, 1898><Stygocapitellidae Karling, 1958><Amphictenidae Grube, 1850><Alciopea Ehlers, 1864><Amytidea F. Muller, 1858; Otopsidae Ditlevsen, 1917; Kynephoridae Ehlers, 1920; Antonbruunidae Fauchald, 1977; Talehsapiidae Misra, 1999><Disomidae Mesnil, 1897 (in part); Disomididae Chamerblin, 1919 (in part)><Poligordidae Czerniavsky, 1881><Polynoina Kinberg, 1856><Protodriloidae Purschke & Jouin, 1988 (spelling corrected to Protodriloididae by Fauchald and Rose (1997)><Pontoscolecidae James, 2012><Sabellacea Malmgren, 1866; Eriographidea Malmgren, 1866; Amphicorinidae Benham, 1896; Sabellongidae Hartman, 1969; Caobangidae Jones, 1974><Haemopidae Richardson, 1969, in part {check}><Serpulees Savigny in Lamarck, 1818; Serpulacea Grube, 1850><Sigalionina Kinberg, 1855><Peisidicinae Darboux, 1900 Pesidicidae Hartman & Fauchald, 1971; Pholoididae Fauchald, 1977><Pisionidae Ehlers, 1901><Sipunculoidea Sedgewick, 1898; Sipunculida Hyman, 1959><Loxosiphonea Quatrefages, 1865; Loxosiphonidae Baird, 1868><Themistidae Cutler & Gibbs, 1985; Phascolionidae Cutler & Gibbs, 1985; Phascoliidae Saiz, 1993><Anoteroprocta Diesing, 1851; Eusipunculidea Diesing, 1859; Siphunculidae Gray, 1828; Sipunculacea Rafinesque, 1814; Sipunculea Rafinesque, 1814><?Komarekionidae Gates, 1974><Leucodorea Quatrefages, 1866; Polydoridae Benham, 1896><Amytidea Grube, 1850; Levidoridae Perkins, 1987><Amphritae Savigny, 1822; Artacamacea Malmgren, 1866; Polycirridea Malmgren, 1866><Polycirrinae Malmgren, 1866><Artacaminae Malmgren, 1866; Amphitritinae Malmgren, 1866><Thelepinae Hessle, 1917; Telothelepodinae; Thelepodinae Hessle, 1917><Acanthobonelliinae DattaGupta, 1976; Acanthohaminginae DattaGupta, 1976; Archibonelliinae DattaGupta, 1976; Hamingiinae Monro, 1927; Protobonelliinae Monro, 1927><Ikedaidae Dawydoff, 1959\par{}><Ochetostomatinae DattaGupta, 1976><Canephoridea Malmgren, 1866><Disomidae Mesnil, 1897 (in part); Disomididae Chamberlin, 1919 (in part)>                                                                                                                                                                                                             +   1   x                                  #  3  9  G                    
        "  (  2  @  F  ]              $  *  6  <  B  H  N  T  g  m  s  y                                 )  /  5  ;  A  G  M  S  a  g  q                                )  7  =  C  O  U  a  m  s                           
    3  9  F  r  x                    #  0  =  J  W  ]  c  i  o  y                C  s      	  		  	  	  9	  ?	  E	  K	  Q	  W	  ]	                                                                                                      <none><hook-faced fish worms, peled leech><none><bullet worm (\i{}Eupolyodontes\i0{} Buchanan, 1894\i{} \i0{} species)><none\par{}><Suction-feeding worms><none\par{}><none><Pompeii worms; palm worms><none><none><fireworm, golden bristle worm><sea mouse><none><lugworms (larger forms)><none><crayfish worms><none><sludge worms><parchment-tube worms (benthic \i{}Chaetopterus\i0{} only); paddle worms, spindle worms, pigbutt worm (one holopelagic species)><none><none><golden petal worm><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><potworms><worm leeches><none><comb-back scale worms><Bloodworms (\i{}Marphysa\i0{}), palolo worms (\i{}Palola\i0{}), Bobbit worms (large-sized \i{}Eunice\i0{}), Decorator worms (\i{}Diopatra\i0{})><none><fan worm><none><bristle-cage worms><none><none><none><bloodworms><none><none><none><none><none><medicinal leeches><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><shovel-head worms><bamboo worms><Asian earthworms, Giant earthworms><grapple worms><African giant earthworms><none><none><none><none><none><none><none><sludge worms><none><catworms><ragworms, clam worms, pile worms><none><none><none><beach worm (Australia)><none><none><none><none><turtle leech><none\par{}><none><none><none\par{}><ice-cream cone worms><none\par{}><paddle worms><none><none><fish leech><none><knot worms><scaleworms><none><none\par{}><none><none><none><none><none><none><honeycomb worms, sandcastle worms><Fan worm, feather duster worms><none><none><maggot worms><stink worms><none><Fan worm, calcareous tubeworms><none><beard worms><boneworms, bone-eating worms, zombie worms><none><vent worms><sand scaleworm><sand scaleworm><sand scaleworm><sand scaleworm\par{}><sand scaleworm><sand scaleworm\par{}><peanut worm><peanut worm\par{}><peanut worm\par{}><peanut worm><peanut worm><peanut worm><peanut worm><none><none><none><none><mud owls><none><none><spaghetti worms><spaghetti worms><spaghetti worms, glow-in-dark worms><spaghetti worms><spoon worms, anchor worms, fat innkeeper worms\par{}><spoon worms, anchor worms, fat innkeeper worms><spoon worms, anchor worms, fat innkeeper worms><spoon worms, anchor worms, fat innkeeper worms><spoon worms, anchor worms, fat innkeeper worms><spoon worms, anchor worms, fat innkeeper worms><none><gossamer worms><none><common stumpy earthworms><none><none><none><none><none><none>                                                                                                                                                                          1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   C   C   C   U   U   U   U   U   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   y   y   y                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	                                                                                                      <de Carle et al. (2023); ChatGPT Nov 2023\par{}><ChatGPT Nov 2023><ChatGPT Nov 2023><ChatGPT Nov 2023><ChatGPT Nov 2023><ChatGPT><ChatGPT\par{}><O'Reilly & Nowacki 2008><ChatGPT, Nov 2023><ChatGPT, Nov 2023><ChatGPT, Nov 2023><ChatGPT, Nov 2023><ChatGPT, Nov 2023>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           #   #   #   S   t   t                    2  Z  |  |  |  |          3  N  q                &  &  &  &  &  L  j        
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  /  V  V  }                    #  #  i  i  i                          +  +  +  K  K  j                  A  A  f                      S  y            	  	  	  	  	  /	  U	  U	  x	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  
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    <  <  e                        H  f                   
  ?
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                                                                                                      <\i{}Aberranta\i0{} Hartman, 1965><\i{}Acoetes\i0{} Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1832><\i{}Acrocirrus\i0{} Grube, 1872><\i{}Alluroides\i0{} Beddard, 1894><\i{}Alvinella\i0{} Desbruy\u352?res & Laubier, 1980><\i{}Ampharete \i0{}Malmgren, 1866><Amphinome Brugui\u232?re, 1789><\i{}Aphrodita\i0{} Linnaeus, 1758><\i{}Apistobranchus\i0{} Levinsen, 1884><\i{}Arenicola\i0{} Lamarck, 1801><\i{}Capitella\i0{} Blainville, 1828><\i{}Chaetopterus\i0{} Cuvier, 1827><\i{}Chrysopetalum\i0{} Ehlers, 1864><\i{}Calamyzas\i0{} Arwidsson, 1932><\i{}Chrysopetalum\i0{} Ehlers, 1864><Dysponetus Levinsen, 1879><\i{}Cirratulus\i0{} Lamarck, 1801><\i{}Cossura\i0{} Webster & Benedict, 1887><Ctenodrilus Clapar\u232?de, 1863><\i{}Dinophilus\i0{} Schmidt, 1848><\i{}Diurodrilus\i0{} Remane, 1925><\i{}Dorvillea\i0{} Parfitt, 1866><\i{}Eulepethus\i0{} Chamberlin, 1919><\i{}Eunice\i0{} Cuvier, 1817><\i{}Euphrosine\i0{}, Savigny in Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Fabricia\i0{} Blainville, 1828><\i{}Fauveliopsis\i0{} McIntosh, 1922><\i{}Flabelligera\i0{} Saint-Joseph, 1894><Glycera Savigny in Lamarck, 1818><Goniada Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833><\i{}Haplotaxis\i0{} Hoffmeister, 1843><\i{}Hartmaniella\i0{} Imajima, 1977><\i{}Hesione\i0{} Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Histriobdella \i0{}Van Beneden, 1858><\i{}Lacydonia\i0{} Marion & Bobretzky in Marion, 1874><\i{}Longosoma\i0{} Hartman, 1944 (=\i{}Heterospio\i0{} Ehlers, 1874)><\i{}Lumbriculus\i0{} Grube, 1844><\i{}Lumbrineris\i0{} Blainville, 1828><\i{}Magelona\i0{} F. Muller, 1858><\i{}Maldane\i0{} Grube, 1860><\i{}Nais \i0{}Muller, 1774><\i{}Nais \i0{}Muller, 1774><\i{}Tubifex \i0{}Lamarck, 1816><\i{}Nephtys\i0{} Cuvier, 1817><\i{}Nereis\i0{} Linnaeus, 1758><\i{}Nerilla\i0{} E.O. Schmidt, 1848><\i{}Oenone\i0{} Savigny in Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Ophelia\i0{} Savigny, 1822><\i{}Orbinia\i0{} Quatrefages, 1866><\i{}Owenia\i0{} Delle Chiaje, 1844><\i{}Paralacydonia\i0{} Fauvel, 1913><\i{}Paraonis\i0{} Grube, 1873><\i{}Pectinaria\i0{} Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Phreodrilus\i0{} Beddard, 1891><\i{}Phyllodoce\i0{} Savigny in Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Pilargis\i0{} Saint-Joseph, 1899><\i{}Poecilochaetus\i0{} Claparede in Ehlers, 1875><\i{}Polygordius\i0{} Schneider, 1868><\i{}Polynoe\i0{} Savigny in Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Pontodora\i0{} Greef, 1879><\i{}Protodrilus\i0{} Hatschek, 1880><\i{}Protodriloides\i0{} Jouin, 1966><\i{}Sabella\i0{} Linnaeus, 1767><\i{}Saccocirrus\i0{} Bobretzky, 1871><\i{}Scalibregma\i0{} Rathke, 1843><\i{}Travisia\i0{} Johnston, 1840><\i{}Serpula\i0{} Linnaeus, 1767><\i{}Siboglinum\i0{} Caullery, 1914><\i{}Sigalion\i0{} Audouin & Milne Edwards in Cuvier, 1830><\i{}Pholoe\i0{} Johnson, 1839><\i{}Pisione\i0{} Grube, 1857><\i{}Antillesoma\i0{} Stephen & Edmonds, 1972><\i{}Aspidosiphon\i0{} Diesing, 1851><\i{}Golfingia\i0{} Lankester, 1885><\i{}Phascolosoma\i0{} Leuckart, 1828><\i{}Siphonosoma\i0{} Spengel, 1912><\i{}Sipunculus\i0{} Linnaeus, 1766><\i{}Sphaerodorum\i0{} \u214?rsted, 1843><\i{}Spinther\i0{} Johnston, 1845><\i{}Spio\i0{} Fabricius, 1785><\i{}Syllis\i0{} Savigny in Lamarck, 1818><\i{}Terebella\i0{} Linnaeus, 1767><\i{}Bonellia\i0{} Rolando, 1822><\i{}Echiurus\i0{} Gu\u233?rin-M\u233?neville, 1831><\i{}Ikeda\i0{} Wharton, 1913><\i{}Thalassema\i0{} Pallas, 1774><\i{}Tomopteris\i0{} Eschscholtz, 1825><\i{}Trichobranchus\i0{} Malmgren, 1866><\i{}Trochochaeta\i0{} Levinsen, 1884><\i{}Typhloscolex\i0{} Busch, 1851><\i{}Uncispio\i0{} Green, 1982>                                                                                                                                                                                                     
      $   0   <   I   U   `   l   s                                          +  7  B  N  U  \  h  q  }                                 '  3  ?  K  R  ^  i  v                               #  .  :  E  Q  ]  i  u                                *  6  B  N  Z  f  r  ~                              '  .  :  F  M  Y  e  q  }                        
    %  1  <  H  T  `  l  x                                +  6  B  N  U  a                                                                                                      <polychaete><leech-like><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><oligochaete><microdrile><earthworm><polychaete><leech><polychaete><polychaete; fireworm><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><leech><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><leech><leech><polychaete><annelid><polychaete><microdrile><microdrile><leech><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><leech><leech><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><leech><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><leech><polychaete><earthworm><oligochaete><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><annelid><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><microdrile><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><microdrile><microdrile><microdrile><microdrile><microdrile><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><leech><polychaete><leech><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><microdrile><polychaete><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><leech><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><leech><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><microdrile><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><leech><polychaete><polychaete><leech><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><sipunculan><sipunculan><sipunculan><sipunculan><sipunculan><sipunculan><sipunculan><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><polychaete><echiuran><echiuran><echiuran><echiuran><echiuran><echiuran><microdrile><polychaete><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><earthworm><polychaete><polychaete><leech><polychaete>                                                                                                                                                                      !   2   =   K   [   i   r                                  -  I  f                      )  7  F  U  a  o  z                      %  6  B  O  a  q                          ,  8  H  T  d  v                    $  0  @  K  V  b  n  |                    /  ;  I  [  j  v                    	    #  F  d  t                0  H  a  |          	  	  :	  R	  d	  t	  	  	  	  	  	  	  	  
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                                                                                                      <CJG Jul 2023\par{}><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Oct 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023\par{}><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Feb 2021><CJG Jul 2023\par{}><CJG Aug 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Sep 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Nov 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Mar 2021><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Aug 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Jul 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><CJG AUG 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jan 2022><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Aug 2023\par{}><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Jan 2024><CJG Nov 2020><CJG Sep 2023><CJG Sep 2023><CJG Sep 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Aug 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Aug 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 201800><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Mar 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><CJG 2020><CJG Apr 2021><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Mar 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Jul 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG July 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Nov 2023\par{}><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Apr 2021><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG Nov 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023\par{}><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Jul 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023\par{}><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Apr 2021\par{}><CJG Aug 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG 2020><CJG May 2021><CJG May 2021><CJG May 2021><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><CJG Aug 2023><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG 2020><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><PoliKey2 & WoRMS import, December 2018><CJG><CJG Aug 2023 2023>                                                                                                                                                                                    %   +   1   7   =   G   M   S   Y   _   e   k   q   w   }                                                                 	        %  +  1  7  =  C  I  O  U  [  a  g  m  s  y                                                      #  )  /  5  ;  A  G  V  \  b  h  n  t  z                                                
        "  (  .  4  :  @  F  R  ^  d  j  p  v  |                                                                                                                                                           <done><done\par{}><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><no plate><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><no plate><no plate><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><no plate><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><no plate><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><no plate><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><\i{}done\i0{}><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done\par{}><done\par{}><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done><done>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               !   G   [   o                                   ,  8  L  `  t                         4  @  L  L  L  `  t                          ,  8  L  L  f  z                  "  "  6  J  p                            $  $  8  R  f  z  z                      &  2  F  Z  n                    
      2  F  R  f  z                  .  B  V  j  ~              	  	  *	  >	  >	  R	  f	  z	  	  	  	  ,
  t
  
  
  
    &  &  :                                                                                                                <Black book checked><SU checked><Dyne GR, Jamieson BGM (2004) checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked; Jamieson (2006) checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><SU checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked\par{}><Black book checked><Black book checked\par{}><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><SU checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><SU checked><Black book checked><Black book checked\par{}><Black book checked><Black book checked><The family is not listed in WoRMS0><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Dyne GR, Jamieson BGM (2004) checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><PM checked><PM checked><PM checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked\par{}><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><SU checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><SU checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><SU checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><PM checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked; scored to differentiate echiuran subfamilies><Black book checked; scored to differentiate echiuran subfamilies\par{}><Black book checked; scored to differentiate echiuran subfamilies\par{}><Black book checked; scored to differentiate echiuran subfamilies\par{}><Black book checked; scored to differentiate echiuran subfamilies><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked><EXCLUDE from final output as it is monogeneric, and for consistency - all other monotoypic and monogeneric families of Crassiclittelata were excluded.><Black book checked><Black book checked><Black book checked>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       T                                                                                                       <Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK>                                                                                                                                                                                                              	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <\par{}><.>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              9        D   s#  %  w)  {+  -  /  2  X7  :  @  B  4E  ?G  HI  wJ  K  M  P  U  X  Y  \  &`  c  ;f  Si  p  v  R}  ~        +  g      N  b  ~       (  b  J    ٷ  к  	  ]  ܾ    q        h              j        "       @
 R } %   #  # % ,  0 6 8 ; = B FE I K fL pQ V X [ ] E^ c Gf 9i .l ^o {r -v Gx -| ?~ ( ;     Ð n  ĕ   ٙ ߚ ۛ ל  O  ǧ  ?     1 o         e "   ; H t   R   :                                                                                                      <Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Wolf, PS (\b{}1987\b0{}) Aberrantidae: A new family of Polychaeta (Annelida). Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 7: 50\endash{}52; Mackie ASY, Pleijel F,Rouse GW (\b{}2005\b0{}) Revision of \i{}Aberranta\i0{} (Aberrantidae: Annelida), with descriptions of new species from the Mediterranean and Hong Kong. Marine Ecology 26: 197\endash{}208; Mackie, ASY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.2.1 Aberrantidae Wolf, 1987 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 269-273; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Mann KH (\b{}1962\b0{}) Leeches (Hirudinea): Their Structure, Physiology, Ecology and Embryology. With an Appendix on the Systematics of Marine Leeches Pergamon Press, New York, 201 pp; Govedich FR, Bain BA, Moser WE, Gelder SR, Davies RW, Brinkhurst RO (\b{}2009\b0{}) Annelida (Clitellata): Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellida Hirudinida, and Acanthobdellida. In: Thorp JH, Covich AP (eds) Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Elsevier Inc., 385-436; Brusca, RC, Moore, W, Shuster, SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}). Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds.) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; De Carle DB, Gajda L, Bielecki A, Cios S, Cichocka JM, Golden HE, Gryska AD, Sokolov S, Shedko MB, Knudsen R, Utevsky S, \u346?waitek P, Tessler M. (\b{}2023\b0{}) Recent evolution of ancient Arctic leech relatives: systematics of Acanthobdellida. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196: 149\endash{}168.><Dyne GR, Jamieson BGM (\b{}2004\b0{}) Native Earthworms of Australia II (Megascolecidae, Acanthodrilinae). Department of the Environment and Heritage, Australian Government, 200 pp; Blakemore, RJ (\b{}2005\b0{}) Wither Octochaetidae? A review of its family status (Annelida: Oligochaeta) In AA & VV Pop (Eds) Advances in Earthworm Taxonomy II. Proceedings IOTM2, Cluj University Press, Romania, pp 63-84; Jamieson, B.G.M. (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor B.G.M. Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G. Rouse, F. Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; James SW, Davidson SK (\b{}2012\b0{}) Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida : Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences. Invertebrate Systematics 26: 213\endash{}229; Plisko JD, Nxele, TC (\b{}2015\b0{}) An Annotated Key Separating Foreign Earthworm Species from the Indigenous South African taxa (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Microchaetidae, Ocnerodrilidae and Tritogeniidae). African Invertebrates 56:663-708; Rota E, de Jong Y (\b{}2015\b0{}) Fauna Europaea: Annelida - Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Enchytraeidae and Megadrili), Aphanoneura and Polychaeta. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5737. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e5737; Thorp JH et al. 2019. Phylum Annelida, In Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates, Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438;><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Hourdez S, Osborn KJ, Gonzalez BC (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.1.2. Acoetidae Kinberg, 1856, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 74-93; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Banse K (\b{}1969\b0{}). Acrocirridae n.fam. (Polychaeta Sedentaria). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 26(10): 2595-2620; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Mart\u237?nez A, Worsaae K, N\u250?\u241?ez J (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.7 Acrocirridae Banse, 1968 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 422-439; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Pinder AM (\b{}2004\b0{}) Annelida Aphanoneura In CM Yule and HS Yong (Eds), Freshwater Invertebrates of the Malaysian Region, Academy of Sciences Malaysia; Van der Land, J (\b{}1971\b0{}) Family Aeleosomatidae, 665-707. In Aquatic Olgochaeta of the World, RO Brinkhurst & BGM Jamieson (Eds). Oliver & Boyd; HoZ Aphanoneura; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Purschke G (\b{}2022\b0{}) Aphanoneura Veydovsky, 1884: Aeolosomatidae Levinsen, 1884 and Potamodrilidae Bunke, 1967 Grube, 1850 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 439-459; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. \par{}><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Omodeo P, Coates KA (\b{}2001\b0{}) New alluroidids (Annelida, Clitellata) from Guyana. Hydrobiologia 463: 39\endash{}47; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor B.G.M. Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G. Rouse, F. Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire. Fragoso C, Rojas, P (\b{}2023\b0{}). A new semiaquatic worm (Annelida, Oligochaeta) from southeastern Mexican tropical rain forests. Zootaxa 5255 (1): 136\endash{}156.><Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. 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An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Stiller J, Tilic E, Rousset V, Pleijel F, Rouse GW (\b{}2020\b0{}). Spaghetti to a Tree: A Robust Phylogeny for Terebelliformia (Annelida) Based on Transcriptomes, Molecular and Morphological Data. Biology 9, 73; doi:10.3390/biology9040073; Alvestad T, Budaeva N (\b{}2021\b0{}) Key to the species in Norwegian waters from the families Ampharetidae and Melinnidae. Online at https://www.artsdatabanken.no/Pages/302041/Key_to_the_species_in; Ebbe B, Purschke G (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.7.2 Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1866\b{} \b0{}In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 50-67; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Kudenov, J. (\b{}1993\b0{}) Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) Principally from Antarctica, The Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic Regions. Antarctic Research Series 58: 93\endash{}150; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Pettibone MH (\b{}1966\b0{}) \i{}Heteraphrodita altoni,\i0{} a new genus and species of polychaete wonn (Polychaeta, Aphroditidae) from deep water off Oregon, and a revision of the aphroditid genera. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 79: 95-108; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake JA, Petti MAV (\b{}2019\b0{}) 5.1 Apistobranchidae Mesnil & Caullery, 1898 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 133-142; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Darbyshire T (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.7.5 Arenicolidae Johnston, 1835 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 163-185; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Blakemore RJ (\b{}2008\b0{}) Review of Criodrilidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta) including \i{}Biwadrilus \i0{}from Japan. Opuscula Zoologica Budapest 37: 11-22; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438.><Gelder, Stuart R. (\b{}1996\b0{}). A review of the taxonomic nomenclature and a checklist of the species of the Branchiobdellae (Annelida: Clitellata). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 109(4): 653-663; Govedich FR, Bain BA, Moser WE, Gelder SR, Davies RW, Brinkhurst RO (\b{}2009\b0{}) Annelida (Clitellata): Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellida Hirudinida, and Acanthobdellida. In: Thorp JH, Covich AP (eds) Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Elsevier Inc., 385-436; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}). Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Thorp JH et al. 2019. Phylum Annelida, In Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates, Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier.><Harman, WJ, Loden MS (\b{}1984\b0{}) \i{}Capilloventer atlanticus\i0{} gen. et sp.n., a member of a new family of marine Oligochaeta from Brazil. Hydrobiologia 115, 51\endash{}54; Pinder AM, Brinkhurst RO (\b{}1997\b0{}) The family Capilloventridae (Annelida, Clitellata) in Australia, with descriptions of two new species of \i{}Capilloventer.\i0{} Zoologica Scripta 26: 255-265; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Martin, P, Martinez-Ansemil, E., Pinder, A, Timm, T, Wetzel, MJ (\b{}2008\b0{}) Global diversity of oligochaetous clitellates (\lquote{}\lquote{}Oligochaeta\rquote{}\rquote{}; Clitellata) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia (2008) 595:117\endash{}127; Timm T (\b{}2012\b0{}) Life forms in Oligochaeta: a literature review. Zoology in the Middle East, Supplement 4, 58: 71-82; Pinder, A (\b{}2013\b0{}). Tools for identifying Australian aquatic oligochaetes of the families Phreodrilidae, Lumbriculidae and Capilloventridae (Clitellata: Annelida).\b{} \b0{}Museum Victoria Science Reports 18: 1\endash{}20; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Magalhaes WF, Blake JA (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.4 Capitellidae Grube, 1862, In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 349-403; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Britayev TA, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) 5.3 Chaetopteridae Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 156-176; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Watson C (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.3.1 Chrysopetalidae Ehlers, 1864 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 228-258; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Watson C (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.3.1 Chrysopetalidae Ehlers, 1864 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 228-258; Rizzo AE, Magalhaes WF (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.5 Ichthyotomidae Eisig, 1906 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 366-368;Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Watson C (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.3.1 Chrysopetalidae Ehlers, 1864 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 228-258; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Watson C (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.3.1 Chrysopetalidae Ehlers, 1864 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 228-258; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake JA, Magalh\u227?es W (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.5 Cirratulidae Ryckholt, 1851 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 339-397; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Ebbe B, Blake JA (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.2 Cossuridae Day, 1963 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 309-316; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Blakemore RJ (\b{}2008\b0{}) Review of Criodrilidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta) including \i{}Biwadrilus \i0{}from Japan. Opuscula Zoologica Budapest 37: 11\endash{}22; Timm, T (\b{}2009\b0{}) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1-235; Rota E, de Jong Y (\b{}2015\b0{}) Fauna Europaea: Annelida - Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Enchytraeidae and Megadrili), Aphanoneura and Polychaeta. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5737. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e5737; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Dean HK, Blake JA (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.4 Ctenodrilidae Kennel, 1882 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 328-338; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Ringuelet RA (\b{}1972a\b0{}) Nuevos taxia de Hirudineos neotropicos con la redefinicion de Semiscolecidae y la descripcion de Cyclobdellidae fam. nov. y Mesobdellidae fam. nov. Physis 31 (82): 193-201; Christofferson ML (\b{}2008\b0{}) A Catalogue of the Piscicolidae, Ozobranchidae, and Arhynchobdellida (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinea) from South America. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 3(1):39-48><Ringuelet RA (\b{}1972b\b0{}) Cylicobdellidae, a new family of erpopdelloid Hirudinea. Physis 31 (83): 337-344; Ringuelet RA (\b{}1972a\b0{}) Nuevos taxia de Hirudineos neotropicos con la redefinicion de Semiscolecidae y la descripcion de Cyclobdellidae fam. nov. y Mesobdellidae fam. nov. Physis 31 (82): 193-201; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Christofferson ML (\b{}2008\b0{}) A Catalogue of the Piscicolidae, Ozobranchidae, and Arhynchobdellida (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinea) from South America. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 3(1):39-48><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/ [as Dorvilleidae Group 3]; Rouse G, Pleijel F, Eds (\b{}2006\b0{}) Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida, BGM Jamieson (Series Ed), Science Publishers, Enfeld, New Hampshire, USA, 688 pp.; Westheide W (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.1.1 Dinophilidae Verrill, 1892 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 217-233; Worsaae K, Kerbl A., Di Domenico M., Gonzalez BC, Bekkouche N, Martinez A (\b{}2021\b0{}) Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 13: 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Worsaae, K, Kerbl, A., Di Domenico, M., Gonzalez, B.C., Bekkouche, N. & Martinez, A. (\b{}2021\b0{}) Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 2021, 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Rouse G, Pleijel F, Eds (\b{}2006\b0{}) Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida, BGM Jamieson (Series Ed), Science Publishers, Enfeld, New Hampshire, USA, 688 pp.; Worsaae K, Kristensen RM (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.8 Sedentaria incertae sedis: Diurodrilidae Kristensen & Niilonen, 1982 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 202-214; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/ [as Dorvilleidae Group 1]; Wiklund H, Purschke G, Ravara A (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.12.2 Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, 1919\b{} \b0{} In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 361-382; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Cook DG (\b{}1968\b0{}) The genera of the family Lumbriculidae and the genus \i{}Dorydlilus\i0{} (Annelida, Oligochaeta). Journal of the Zoological Society of London 156: 273-289; Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Timm, T (\b{}2009\b0{}) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1-235.\par{}\par{}><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Blakemore, RJ (\b{}2006\b0{}). Introductory Key of the revised families of earthworms of the World. Unpub. March 2006; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Martin, P, Martinez-Ansemil, E., Pinder, A, Timm, T, Wetzel, MJ (\b{}2008\b0{}) Global diversity of oligochaetous clitellates (\lquote{}\lquote{}Oligochaeta\rquote{}\rquote{}; Clitellata) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia (2008) 595:117\endash{}127; Timm, T (\b{}2009\b0{}) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1-235; Erseus, C, Rota, E, Matamoros, L, De Wit, P (\b{}2010\b0{}). Molecular phylogeny of Enchytraeidae (Annelida, Clitellata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 849-858; Schmelz R, Collado, R (\b{}2010\b0{}). A guide to European terrestrial and freshwater species of Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta). Soil Organisms 82: 1-176; Rota E, de Jong Y (\b{}2015\b0{}) Fauna Europaea: Annelida - Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Enchytraeidae and Megadrili), Aphanoneura and Polychaeta. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5737. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e5737; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518.><Sawyer RT (\b{}1986\b0{}) Leech biology and behaviour. Vol. 1 Anatomy, Physiology, and behaviour. Oxford Science Publications, Oxford UK, 418 pp; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Christofferson ML (\b{}2008\b0{}) A Catalogue of the Piscicolidae, Ozobranchidae, and Arhynchobdellida (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinea) from South America. Neotropical Biology and Conservation 3(1):39-48; Oceguera-Figueroa A, Phillips AJ, Pacheco-Chaves B, Reeves WK, Siddall ME (\b{}2011\b0{}) Phylogeny of macrophagous leeches (Hirudinea, Clitellata) based on molecular data and evaluation of the barcoding locus. Zoologica Scripta 40: 194\endash{}203; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Uttam S, Langer S (\b{}2021\b0{}) Distribution and Identification key for species of freshwater leech genus \i{}Erpobdella\i0{} Blainville, 1818 (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes: Erpobdellidae). Ecology, Environment and Conservation 27:1925-1936,><Taylor AG (\b{}1949\b0{}). A West African Earthworm, \i{}Hippopera nigeriae\i0{}, belonging to a new Family Hippoperidae. Journal of Zoology 119: 703-710; Sims, RW (\b{}1987\b0{}) A review of the Central African earthworm family Eudrilidae (Oligochaeta). In: Bonvicini Pagliai, AM, Omodeo, P (Eds.), On earthworms. Selected symposia and monographs, UZI, 2. Mucchi, Modena, pp. 359\endash{}388; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Plisko, JD, Nxele, TC (\b{}2015\b0{}). An annotated key separating foreign earthworm species from the indigenous South Africian taxa (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Microchaetidae, Ocnerodrilidae and Tritogeniidae). African Invertebrates 56: 663-708; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Zanol J, Budaeva N (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.12.1 Eunicidae In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 414-452; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Kudenov, J. (\b{}1993\b0{}) Amphinomidae and Euphrosinidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) Principally from Antarctica, The Southern Ocean, and Subantarctic Regions. Antarctic Research Series 58: 93\endash{}150; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Bick A (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.4.8 Fabriciidae Rioja, 1923 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 1-33; Capa M, Kupriyanova E, Nogueira JMdM, Bick A, Tovar-Hern\u225?ndez MA (\b{}2021\b0{}) Fanworms:Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Diversity 13: 130, https://doi.org/10.3390/d13030130; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Zhadan AE, Salazar-Vallejo SI (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.3 Fauveliopsidae Hartman, 1971 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 317-327; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Salazar-Vallejo SI (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.6 Flabelligeridae Saint-Joseph, 1894 1 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 398-421; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Sawyer RT (\b{}1986\b0{}) Leech biology and behaviour. Vol. 1 Anatomy, Physiology, and behaviour. Oxford Science Publications, Oxford UK, 418 pp; Oceguera-Figueroa A, Phillips AJ, Pacheco-Chaves B, Reeves WK, Siddall ME (\b{}2011\b0{}) Phylogeny of macrophagous leeches (Hirudinea, Clitellata) based on molecular data and evaluation of the barcoding locus. Zoologica Scripta 40: 194\endash{}203; Nakano T, Ramlah Z, Hikida T (\b{}2012\b0{}) Phylogenetic position of gastrostomobdellid leeches (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Erpobdelliformes) and a new family for the genus Orobdella. Zoologica Scripta 41: 177-185. Nakano T, Eto K, Nishikawa K, Hossmann MY, Jeratthitikule E (\b{}2018\b0{}) Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 1\endash{}30.><Siddall ME, Borda E (\b{}2004\b0{}) Leech Collections from Chile Including Two New species of \i{}Helobdella \i0{}(Annelida: Hirudinida). American Museum Novitates 3457: 1-18; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Thorp JH et al. 2019. Phylum Annelida, In Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates, Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier; Ahmed, RB, Gajda L, Utevsky S, Kvist S, \u346?wi\u261?tek P (\b{}2023\b0{}) \i{}Placobdella nabeulensis \i0{}sp. nov. (Hirudinea: Glossiphoniidae), a new glossiphoniiform leech from Palearctic North Africa. Molecular Biology Reports 50(8): 6753-6767; Rashni B, Brown KT, McLenachan PA, Lockhart PJ , Southgate PC, Lal MM (\b{}2023\b0{}) Leech breach: a first record of the invasive freshwater leech \i{}Helobdella europaea\i0{} (Hirudinea: Glossiphoniidae) in Fiji. Pacific Conservation Biology doi:10.1071/PC23017; Torres-Carrera G, Mu\u241?iz-Pareja FC, Albert N Maza-Acu\u241?a, Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa (\b{}2023\b0{}) Broad phylogenetic analyses of the leech family Glossiphoniidae (Annelida: Clitellata) reveals two independent origins of kangaroo leeches. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 139: 192\endash{}201.><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; James SW (\b{}2000\b0{}). An Illustrated Key to the Earthworms of The Samoan Archipelago (Oligochaeta: Glossoscolecidae, Moniligastridae). Technical Report No. 49, 11 pp.; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; James SW, Davidson SK (\b{}2012\b0{}) Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida : Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences. Invertebrate Systematics 26: 213\endash{}229; Plisko JD, Nxele, TC (\b{}2015\b0{}) An Annotated Key Separating Foreign Earthworm Species from the Indigenous South African taxa (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Microchaetidae, Ocnerodrilidae and Tritogeniidae). African Invertebrates 56:663-708; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}) Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438;><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; B\u246?ggemann M (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.4.1 Glyceridae Grube, 1850, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 323-344; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; B\u246?ggemann M (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.4.1 Goniadidae Kinberg, 1865, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 345-365; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK\par{}><Soos, A. (\b{}1967\b0{}) Identification key to the leech (Hirudinoidea) genera of the world, with a catalogue of the species: IV. Haemadipsidae. Acta Zool. Acad. Scient. Hung. 13: 417\endash{}432; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Borda E, Oceguera-Figueroa A, Siddall ME (\b{}2008\b0{}) On the classification, evolution and biogeography of terrestrial haemadipsoid leeches (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Hirudiniformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 142\endash{}154; Borda E, Siddall ME (\b{}2010\b0{}) Insights into the evolutionary history of Indo-Pacific bloodfeeding terrestrial leeches (Hirudinida : Arhynchobdellida : Haemadipisdae). Invertebrate Systematics 24: 456\endash{}472; Lai YT, Nakano T, Chen JH (\b{}2011\b0{}) Three species of land leeches from Taiwan, \i{}Haemadipsa rjukjuana \i0{}comb. n., a new record for \i{}Haemadipsa picta \i0{}Moore, and an updated description of \i{}Tritetrabdella taiwana \i0{}(Oka). ZooKeys 139: 1\endash{}22. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.139.1711; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518.><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (\b{}1971\b0{}) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Blakemore, RJ (\b{}2006\b0{}). Introductory Key of the revised families of earthworms of the World. Unpub. March 2006; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Timm, T (\b{}2009\b0{}) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1-235.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Sawyer RT (\b{}1986\b0{}) Leech biology and behaviour. Vol. 1 Anatomy, Physiology, and behaviour. Oxford Science Publications, Oxford UK, 418 pp; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Borda E, Oceguera-Figueroa A, Siddall ME (\b{}2008\b0{}) On the classification, evolution and biogeography of terrestrial haemadipsoid leeches (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Hirudiniformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 142\endash{}154; Phillips AJ, Siddall ME (\b{}2009\b0{}) Poly-paraphyly of Hirudinidae: many lineages of medicinal leeches. BMC Evolutionary Biology 9: 246. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-246; Phillips AJ, Arauco-Brown R, Oceguera-Figueroa A, Gomez GP et al. (\b{}2010\b0{}) \i{}Tyrannobdella rex\i0{} N. Gen. N. Sp. and the Evolutionary Origins of Mucosal Leech Infestations. PLoS ONE 5(4): e10057. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010057; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Sawyer RT (\b{}2019\b0{}). Description of the Southern swamp leech \i{}Philobdella floridana\i0{} (Verrill, 1874)(Annelida: Hirudinea) from the Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA, with a revision of the species. Zootaxa 4544: 189-213><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Tzetlin A, Budaeva N, Vortsepneva E, Helm C (\b{}2020\b0{}) New insights into the morphology and evolution of the ventral pharynx and jaws in Histriobdellidae (Eunicida, Annelida). Zoological Letters 6: 14, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-020-00168-2; Helm C, Vila I, Budaeva N (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.12.5 Histriobdellidae Claus & Moquin-Tandon, 1884 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 452-459; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Blakemore, RJ (\b{}2006\b0{}). Introductory Key of the revised families of earthworms of the World. Unpub. March 2006; Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor B.G.M. Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Rota E, de Jong Y (\b{}2015\b0{}) Fauna Europaea: Annelida - Terrestrial Oligochaeta (Enchytraeidae and Megadrili), Aphanoneura and Polychaeta. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5737. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e5737><Pizl V, Chalupsk\u253? J (\b{}1984\b0{}) \i{}Hrabeiella periglandulata\i0{} gen. et sp. n. (Annelida) \endash{} a curious worm from Czechoslovakia. V\u236?stn\u237?k \u200?eskoslovensk\u233? spole\u232?nosti zoologick\u233? 48: 291 295; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Purschke G (\b{}2019\b0{}) Hrabeiellidae Christoffersen, 2012, In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 275-284; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rizzo AE, Magalha~es, WF, Santos CSG (\b{}2015\b0{}) Lacydoniidae Bergstro \u776?m, 1914 (Polychaeta)in the South Atlantic: morphology, three newspecies and five new records. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, DOI: 10.1017/S0025315415001381, pp 1-21; Rizzo AE, Magalhaes WF (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.6 Lacydoniidae Bergstr\u246?m, 1914 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 368-375; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Kerbl A, Worsaae K (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.2. Lobatocerebridae Rieger, 1980, In Annelida Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I, Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology. Boston: De Gruyter, 201\endash{}215; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake JA, Maciolek NJ (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.3.1.9 Longosomatidae Hartman, 1944 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 457-466; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). 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Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Worsaae K (\b{}2020\b0{}) Errantia incertae sedis: Nerillidae Levinsen, 1883 In: Wesheide W, Purschke G, Boggemann M eds Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3 Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110291704; Worsaae, K, Kerbl, A., Di Domenico, M., Gonzalez, B.C., Bekkouche, N. & Martinez, A. (\b{}2021\b0{}) Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 2021, 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Thorp JH et al. (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida, In Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates, Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier; Worsaae K (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.9 Errantia incertae sedis: Nerillidae Levinsen, 1883 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. 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In JA Blake, B Hilbig, PV Scott (Eds.), Taxonomic atlas of the benthicfauna of the Santa Maria Basin and western Santa Barbara Channel, vol. 7 \endash{} The Annelida, Part 4. Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae to Sternaspidae (pp. 145\endash{}168). Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake, JA, Maciolek NJ (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.1 Opheliidae Malmgren, 1867 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 285-311; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. 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Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Nakano, T, Tomikawa, K, Sakono T, Yoshikawa N (\b{}2017\b0{}) Praobdellidae (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida) is not specific only to the mucous-membrane after all: Discovery of a praobdellid leech feeding on the Japanese freshwater crab \i{}Geothelphusa dehaani.\i0{} Parasitology International 66: 210-213; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518; Utevsky S, Mabrouki Y, Taybi AF, Huseynov M, Manafov A, Morhun H, Shahina O, Utevsky G, Khomenko A, Utevsky A (\b{}2022\b0{}) New records of leeches of the genus \i{}Limnatis \i0{}(Hirudinea, Praobdellidae) from the South Caucasus and Central Asia: phylogenetic relationships of Eurasian and African populations.\b{} \b0{}Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 45: 43-52.><Jamieson BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Martin, P, Martinez-Ansemil, E., Pinder, A, Timm, T, Wetzel, MJ (\b{}2008\b0{}) Global diversity of oligochaetous clitellates (\lquote{}\lquote{}Oligochaeta\rquote{}\rquote{}; Clitellata) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia (2008) 595:117\endash{}127; Timm, T (\b{}2009\b0{}) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1-235.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Worsaae, K, Kerbl, A., Di Domenico, M., Gonzalez, B.C., Bekkouche, N. & Martinez, A. (\b{}2021\b0{}). Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 2021, 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Martinez A, Purschke G, Worsaae K (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.11.3 Protodrilidae Hatschek, 1888 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 299-337; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Worsaae, K, Kerbl, A., Di Domenico, M., Gonzalez, B.C., Bekkouche, N. & Martinez, A. (\b{}2021\b0{}) Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 13: 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Martinez A, Worsaae K, Purschke G (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.11.4 Protodriloididae Purschke & Jouin,1988 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 338-353; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Worsaae K, Kerbl A, Di Domenico M, Gonzalez BC, Bekkouche N, Martinez A (\b{}2021\b0{}). Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 2021, 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Worsaae K (\b{}2019\b0{}) 5.2 Psammodrilidae Swedmark, 1952 In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 143-155; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK: Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Ers\u233?us C, Strehlow DR (\b{}1986\b0{}) Four new interstitial species of marine Oligochaeta representing a new family. Zoologica Scripta 15: 53\endash{}60; Ers\u233?us C (\b{}1997\b0{}) A record of Randiella from New Caledonia, the first known occurrence of the marine interstitial family Randiellidae (Annelida; Oligochaeta) in the South Pacific Ocean. Journal of Natural History 31: 1745\endash{}1750; Jamieson BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Timm T (\b{}2012\b0{}) Life forms in Oligochaeta: a literature review. Zoology in the Middle East, Supplement 4, 58: 71-82.><James SW, Davidson SK (\b{}2012\b0{}) Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida : Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences. Invertebrate Systematics 26: 213\endash{}229; James SW (\b{}2012\b0{}) Re-erection of Rhinodrilidae Benham, 1890, a senior synonym of Pontoscolecidae James, 2012 (Annelida: Clitellata). Zootaxa 3540: 67\endash{}68. Hernandez-Garcia, LM, Costa Sousa S, Jovita Pereira N, Rousseau GX, Ferreira C (\b{}2023\b0{}) Additions to earthworms (Annelida, Crassiclitellata) from Aragua and Miranda states, Venezuela. Zootaxa 5255: 171-182; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (\b{}2023\b0{}). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438;><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Capa M, Hutchings P (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.4.5 Sabellariidae Johnston, 1865 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 144-163; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Fitzhugh K (\b{}1989\b0{}). A systematic revision of the Sabellidae-Caobangidae-Sabellongidae complex (Annelida: Polychaeta). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 192: 1-104., available online at http://hdl.handle.net/2246/881; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Capa M, Giangrande A, Nogueira JM de M, Tover-Hernandez MA (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.4.6 Sabellidae Latreille, 1825 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 164-212; Capa M, Kupriyanova E, Nogueira JMdM, Bick A, Tovar-Hern\u225?ndez MA (\b{}2021\b0{}) Fanworms:Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Diversity 13: 130, https://doi.org/10.3390/d13030130; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Worsaae, K, Kerbl, A., Di Domenico, M., Gonzalez, B.C., Bekkouche, N. & Martinez, A. (\b{}2021\b0{}) Interstitial Annelida. Diversity 2021, 13, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020077; Di Domenico M, Worsaae K, Purschke G (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.11.2 Saccocirridae Czerniavsky, 1881 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 280-298; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Westergren S, Siddall PE (\b{}2004\b0{}) Two new species of salifid leeches (Arhynchobdellida, Erpobdelliformes, Salifidae) from South Africa and Madagascar. American Museum novitates, no. 3456: Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; OCEGUERA-FIGUEROA A, PHILLIPS AJ, PACHECO-CHAVES B, REEVES WK, SIDDALL, ME (\b{}2011\b0{}) Phylogeny of macrophagous leeches (Hirudinea, Clitellata) based on molecular data and evaluation of the barcoding locus. Zoologica Scripta 40: 194\endash{}203; NAKANO T, RAMLAH Z, HIKIDA T (\b{}2012\b0{}) Phylogenetic position of gastrostomobdellid leeches (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Erpobdelliformes) and a new family for the genus \i{}Orobdella\i0{}. Zoologica Scripta 41: 177\endash{}185; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake, JA (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.3 Scalibregmatidae Malgren, 1867 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 312-349; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Blake JA, Maciolek NJ (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.2 Travisiidae Hartmann-Schr\u246?der, 1971, new family status, In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 302-311; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Ringuelet RA (\b{}1972a\b0{}) Nuevos taxia de Hirudineos neotropicos con la redefinicion de Semiscolecidae y la descripcion de Cyclobdellidae fam. nov. y Mesobdellidae fam. nov. Physis 31 (82): 193-201; Siddall ME, Borda E (\b{}2004\b0{}) Leech Collections from Chile Including Two New species of \i{}Helobdella \i0{}(Annelida: Hirudinida). American Museum Novitates 3457: 1-18; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Phillips AJ, Siddall ME (\b{}2009\b0{}) Poly-paraphyly of Hirudinidae: many lineages of medicinal leeches. BMC Evolutionary Biology 9: 246. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-246.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Kupriyanova EK, Rzhavsky AV, ten Hove HA (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.4.7 Serpulidae Rafinesque, 1815 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 213-275; Capa M, Kupriyanova E, Nogueira JMdM, Bick A, Tovar-Hern\u225?ndez MA (\b{}2021\b0{}) Fanworms:Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. Diversity 13: 130, https://doi.org/10.3390/d13030130; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Southward, EC (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 3. Class Pogonophora, pp. 330-351 In CJ Glasby et al. (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Southward, EC (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 3. Class Pogonophora, pp. 330-351 In CJ Glasby et al. (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Southward, EC (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 3. Class Pogonophora, pp. 330-351 In CJ Glasby et al. (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Southward, EC (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 3. Class Pogonophora, pp. 330-351 In CJ Glasby et al. (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016) \b0{}Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Southward, EC (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 3. Class Pogonophora, pp. 330-351 In CJ Glasby et al. (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Eibye-Jacobsen D, Aungtonya C, Gonzalez BC (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.1.5.1. Sigalionidae Kinberg, 1856, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 113-138><Eibye-Jacobsen D, Aungtonya C, Gonzalez BC (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.1.5.1. Sigalionidae Kinberg, 1856, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 113-138><Pettibone M (\b{}1992\b0{}) Contribution to the Polychaete Family Pholoidae Kinberg. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 532: i-iii, 24pp; Barnich R; Fiege D (\b{}2003\b0{}). The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 559: 1-167><Gonzalez BC, Worsaae K, Eibye-Jacobsen D (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.1.5.1. Sigalionidae, Pisioninae Ehlers, 1901, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 138-151.><Eibye-Jacobsen D, Aungtonya C, Gonzalez BC (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.1.5.1. Sigalionidae Kinberg, 1856, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 113-138><Eibye-Jacobsen D, Aungtonya C, Gonzalez BC (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.1.5.1. Sigalionidae Kinberg, 1856, In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 113-138><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}) Chapter 5. Phylum Sipuncula. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 375-400; Brusca, RC, Moore W, Shuster SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Schulze A, Boyle MJ, Kawauchi GY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.1. Sipuncula In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp 177\endash{}201; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}) Chapter 5. Phylum Sipuncula. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 375-400; Brusca, RC, Moore W, Shuster SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Schulze A, Boyle MJ, Kawauchi GY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.1. Sipuncula In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp 177\endash{}201; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}) Chapter 5. Phylum Sipuncula. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 375-400; Brusca, RC, Moore W, Shuster SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Schulze A, Boyle MJ, Kawauchi GY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.1. Sipuncula In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp 177\endash{}201; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}) Chapter 5. Phylum Sipuncula. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 375-400; Brusca, RC, Moore W, Shuster SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Schulze A, Boyle MJ, Kawauchi GY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.1. Sipuncula In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp 177\endash{}201; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK;><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}) Chapter 5. Phylum Sipuncula. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 375-400; Brusca, RC, Moore W, Shuster SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Schulze A, Boyle MJ, Kawauchi GY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.1. Sipuncula In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 1: Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp 177\endash{}201; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK;><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}) Chapter 5. Phylum Sipuncula. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 375-400; Brusca, RC, Moore W, Shuster SM (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Schulze A, Boyle MJ, Kawauchi GY (\b{}2019\b0{}) 6.1. 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Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK;><Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Timm, T (\b{}2009\b0{}) A guide to the freshwater Oligochaeta and Polychaeta of Northern and Central Europe. Lauterbornia 66: 1-235; Thorp JH, Lovell LL, Timm T, Martin P, Gelder SR, Govedich FR, Moser WE, Nakano T, Bielecki A, Bain BA, Utevsky S, Gil J, Glasby CJ, Martin D (\b{}2019\b0{}) Phylum Annelida. In: Rogers DC, Thorp JH (Eds) Keys to Palaearctic Fauna: Thorp and Covich\rquote{}s Freshwater invertebrates - Volume IV. Academic Press, Elsevier, pp. 357\endash{}518.><Fauchald K (\b{}1974\b0{}). Sphaerodoridae (Polychaeta: Errantia) from world-wide areas. Journal of Natural History 8: 257-289; Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. 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Diversity 13: 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13020060 [accessed Sep 13 2024]; Hutchings P, Nogueira JM de M, Carrerette O (\b{}2021b)\b0{} 7.7.3 Terebellidae s.l.: Polycirridae Malmgren, 1866, Terebellidae Johnston, 1846, Thelepodidae Hessle, 1917, Trichobranchidae Malmgren, 1866, and Telothelepodidae Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Hutchings, 2013 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 68-144; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Stiller J, Tilic E, Rousset V, Pleijel F and Rouse GW (\b{}2020\b0{}). Spaghetti to a Tree: A Robust Phylogeny for Terebelliformia (Annelida) Based on Transcriptomes, Molecular and Morphological Data. 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Biology 9, 73; doi:10.3390/biology9040073; Hutchings P, Nogueira JM de M, Carrerette O (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.7.3 Terebellidae s.l.: Polycirridae Malmgren, 1866, Terebellidae Johnston, 1846, Thelepodidae Hessle, 1917, Trichobranchidae Malmgren, 1866, and Telothelepodidae Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Hutchings, 2013 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 68-144; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Stiller J, Tilic E, Rousset V, Pleijel F and Rouse GW (\b{}2020\b0{}). Spaghetti to a Tree: A Robust Phylogeny for Terebelliformia (Annelida) Based on Transcriptomes, Molecular and Morphological Data. Biology 9, 73; doi:10.3390/biology9040073; Hutchings P, Nogueira JM de M, Carrerette O (\b{}2021\b0{}) 7.7.3 Terebellidae s.l.: Polycirridae Malmgren, 1866, Terebellidae Johnston, 1846, Thelepodidae Hessle, 1917, Trichobranchidae Malmgren, 1866, and Telothelepodidae Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Hutchings, 2013 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 3: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I. De Gruyter, Berlin, 68-144; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 4. Phylum Echiura. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 353-374; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Dohren J von (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.5 Echiura Stephen, 1965 (=Thalassematidae, Forbes & Goodsir, 1841) In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 404-450><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 4. Phylum Echiura. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 353-374; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Dohren J von (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.5 Echiura Stephen, 1965 (=Thalassematidae, Forbes & Goodsir, 1841) In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 404-450; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 4. Phylum Echiura. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 353-374; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Dohren J von (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.5 Echiura Stephen, 1965 (=Thalassematidae, Forbes & Goodsir, 1841) In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 404-450; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 4. Phylum Echiura. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 353-374; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Dohren J von (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.5 Echiura Stephen, 1965 (=Thalassematidae, Forbes & Goodsir, 1841) In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 404-450; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 4. Phylum Echiura. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 353-374; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Dohren J von (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.5 Echiura Stephen, 1965 (=Thalassematidae, Forbes & Goodsir, 1841) In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 404-450 ; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Edmonds SJ (\b{}2000\b0{}), Chapter 4. Phylum Echiura. In Beesley PL, Ross GJB, Glasby CJ (Eds) Fauna of Australia Vol. 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis. ABRS, Canberra. pp. 353-374; Brusca, RC, Moore, W & Shuster, SM. (eds) (\b{}2016\b0{}) Chapter 14. Phylum Annelida. In: Invertebrates, 3rd Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA; Dohren J von (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.6.5 Echiura Stephen, 1965 (=Thalassematidae, Forbes & Goodsir, 1841) In Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 404-450; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.><Brinkhurst RO (\b{}1988\b0{}) A taxonomic analysis of the Haplotaxidae (Annelida, Oligochaeta). Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: 2243-2252; Jamieson, B.G.M. (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor B.G.M. Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G. Rouse, F. Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Fernandez-Almo MA (\b{}2022\b0{}) 7.13.13 Tomopteridae Grube, 1850 In: Purschke G, Boggemann, M, Westheide W (Eds) Handbook of Zoology. Annelida. Vol. 4: Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 400-412; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Stiller J, Tilic E, Rousset V, Pleijel F and Rouse GW (\b{}2020\b0{}). Spaghetti to a Tree: A Robust Phylogeny for Terebelliformia (Annelida) Based on Transcriptomes, Molecular and Morphological Data. Biology 9, 73; doi:10.3390/biology9040073; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Plisko JD (\b{}2013\b0{}). A New Family Tritogeniidae for the genera \i{}Tritogenia\i0{} and \i{}Michalakus\i0{}, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta). African Invertebrates 54: 69-92. Plisko JD, Nxele, TC (\b{}2015\b0{}) An Annotated Key Separating Foreign Earthworm Species from the Indigenous South African taxa (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Microchaetidae, Ocnerodrilidae and Tritogeniidae). African Invertebrates 56: 663-708.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake JA, Maciolek NJ (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.4.3 Trochochaetidae Pettibone, 1963 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 120-135; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Jamieson, BGM (\b{}2006\b0{}) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire. Celis LV, Rangel-Ch. O (\b{}2015\b0{}) Dos especies nuevas (Oligochaeta: Tumakidae) de la regi\u243?n Caribe de Colombia. Papeis Avulso de Zoologica 55: 405-414.><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Glasby CJ, Fauchald K (\b{}2003\b0{}). POLiKEY. An information system for polychaete families and higher taxa. Version 2, 5 June 2003. Australian Biological Resources Study, DCCEEW, Canberra, https://www.dcceew.gov.au/; Blake JA, Maciolek NJ (\b{}2019\b0{}) 7.4.4 Uncispionidae Green, 1982 In: Purschke G, B\u246?ggemann M, Westheide W (Eds), Handbook of Zoology, Annelida, Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II. De Gruyter, Berlin, 136-144; Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Siddall ME, Borda E (\b{}2004\b0{}) Leech Collections from Chile Including Two New species of \i{}Helobdella \i0{}(Annelida: Hirudinida). American Museum Novitates 3457: 1-18; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (\b{}2006\b0{}) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; Borda E, Oceguera-Figueroa A, Siddall ME (\b{}2008\b0{}) On the classification, evolution and biogeography of terrestrial haemadipsoid leeches (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Hirudiniformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (2008) 142\endash{}154.><Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (\b{}2022\b0{}) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
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    "  4  4  {                                                                                                            <Nerillidae><Octochaetidae><Aphroditidae (share presence of notopodial silk chaetae)><Flabelligeridae (share similar epidermal papillae and compound chaetae)><Ampharetidae><Alvinellidae><Euphrosinidae (share presence of ciliated bands on caruncle)><Acoetidae (share presence of notopodial silk chaetae). Also other scaleworms Polynoidae and Eulepethidae (all have dorsal cirri modified as elytrae)><Spionidae, Orbinidae><Scalibregmatidae, Capitellidae><Kynotidae, Criodrilidae><Arenicolidae, Maldanidae, Questidae; oligochaete><Spionidae (also may have very stout spines on an anterior segment); Apistobranchidae><Aphroditidae (\i{}Palmyra\i0{} has similar paleae)><Ctenodrilidae, Cossuridae><Cirratulidae><Cirratulidae><Semiscolecidae><other scaleworms (e.g., Acoetidae, Polynoidae, Aphroditidae)><Dorvilleidae, Onuphidae><Amphinomidae (share presence of ciliated bands on caruncle)><Sabellidae><Flabelligeridae, Sternaspidae><Fauveliopsidae, Acrocirridae><Goniadidae><Glyceridae><Orbiniidae><Syllidae, Nereididae><Parergodrilidae, Aeolosomatidae><Lopadorhynchidae, Pontodoridae, Typhloscolecidae (all pelagic Phyllodocida)><Polynoidae><Phyllodocidae, Hesionidae, Nephtyidae><Dinophilidae, platyhelminthes><Cirratulidae, Acrocirridae><Iospilidae, Pontodoridae, Typhloscolecidae (all pelagic Phyllodocida)><Oenonidae><Spionidae><Capitellidae><Terebellidae, Ampharetidae><Tritogeniidae><Hesionidae, Pilargidae, Nereididae><Enchytraeidae><Pilargidae><Hesionidae, Nepthyidae><Lumbrineridae><Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae><Scalibregmatidae><Paraonidae, Hartmaniellidae><Sabellidae><Piscicolidae><Glyceridae, Nephtyidae><Orbiniidae><Orbiniidae><Nereididae, Hesionidae><Phyllodocidae><Nephtyidae><Ozobranchidae><Trochochaetidae, Spionidae><Opheliidae, nematodes><other scaleworms (Acoetidae, Eulepethidae, Aphroditidae)><Lopadorhynchidae, Iospilidae, Typhloscolecidae (all pelagic Phyllodocida)><Protodriloididae, Saccocirridae><Protodrilidae, Saccocirridae><Apistobranchidae><Sabellidae, Serpulidae><Serpulidae><Protodrilidae, Protodriloididae><Erpopdellidae><Opheliidae, Arenicolidae, \i{}Travisia\i0{}><Opheliidae, Arenicolidae, Scalibregmatinae><Cyclobdellidae><Sabellidae><Sabellidae><Sabellidae><Sabellidae><Sabellidae><Sabellidae><other scaleworms (Aphroditidae, Eulepethidae, Polynoidae)><other scaleworms (Aphroditidae, Eulepethidae, Polynoidae)><other scaleworms (Aphroditidae, Eulepethidae, Polynoidae)><other scaleworms (Aphroditidae, Eulepethidae, Polynoidae)><other scaleworms (Aphroditidae, Eulepethidae, Polynoidae)><Syllidae><Amphinomidae, Euphrosinidae><Trichochaetidae, Uncispionidae, Poecilochaetidae><Fauveliopsidae><Hesionidae, Pilargidae, Sphaerodoridae><Melinnidae, Trichobranchidae><Capitellidae\par{}><Capitellidae><Capitellidae><Capitellidae><Capitellidae\par{}><Capitellidae><Terebellidae, Melinnidae><Microchaetidae, Kazimierzidae><Poecilochaetidae><Lopadorhynchidae, Iospilidae, Pontodoridae (all pelagic Phyllodocida)><Spionidae><Haemadapsidae><Pontodoridae, Tompoteridae>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m                      
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  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v  v                                                                                          "  $  (  +  -  
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3  34  34  34  34  34  L5  L5  L5  L5  L5  L5  L5  L5  L5  L5                                                                                                      <"Prostomiurn rounded, bearing single median antenna. Single pair of grooved, ciliated palps arising laterally at junction of prostomium and first peristomial segment. Two achaetous peristomial segments present with posterior lip of mouth at middle of second peristomial segment. Parapodia biramous throughout, without dorsal or ventral cim, but with dorsal and ventral lanceolate postsetal lamellae. One pair of straplike branchiae per segment present dorsal to parapodia on all but a few anterior segments. Noto- and neurosetae simple with straight or hooked tips; neuropodia also with lyrate setae." (Wolf, 1987: 50)><Small unpigmented worms with rounded prostomium. Setae thin, sigmoid, single pointed. One pair male pores on segment X. One or two pairs spermathecal pores on segment X, anterior to male pores but behind ventral setae, or on the post-atrial segment, or on this and the atrial segment. Blind posterior lateral blood vessels absent. Pharynx eversible. Pharyngeal glands present. One pair testes in segment IX. One pair vasa deferentia join one pair large muscular atria in segment X. One pair ovaries in segment X. One or two pairs spermathecae in the atrial or the post-atrial segment, or in both.><\i{}Emended diagnosis: \i0{}Body firm and muscular, elongate, with constant width in caudal direction, dorsoventrally compressed.Somite I completely merged with prostomium. Somite II uniannulate, not separated from I. Mid-body somite annulation, variable, basically sexannulate. Post-anal annuli present. Male gonopore in posterior part of somite XI to anterior part of somite XII. Female gonopore in posterior part of somite XII to anterior part of somite XIII. Papillae numerous, minute, hardly visible, one row on every annulus, and two rows on annuli with secondary furrow. Pharynx agnathous, euthylaematous. Pharyngopore, when present,\par{}dorsally in posterior part of somite XIV. Pharyngoporal duct simple, straight, descending to pharynx terminal end. Crop tubular,acaecate. Gastropore, when present, ventral in posterior part of somite XIV to somite XIV/XV. Gastroporal duct columnar, running vertically from ventral surface of crop to gastropore; two pores open to crop; canal Y-shaped; penetrated by nerve cord. Intestine tubular, acaecate. Rectum tubular, thin walled, straight. Testisacs multiple. Ejaculatory bulbs absent. Epididymides absent. Pre-atrial loops absent. Male median reproductive system in posterior part of somite XI to anterior part of somite XII, without penis or penis sheath. Ovisacs tubular, directly descending to female gonopore.><Crassiclitellata with one esophageal gizzard in vi; a single pair of\par{}extramural calciferous glands of intertwined tubular type in\par{}segment xi or xii, typhlosole topologically a blade, but with an\par{}anterior section in which zig-zag folds have been ventrally fused\par{}and folded over to form lateral pockets. Vascular system, with\par{}dorsal and ventral trunks, a supraoesophageal trunk, paired\par{}extraoesophageal trunks median to the hearts, and a subneural\par{}adherent to the body wall. Holonephrida stomate, vesiculate in\par{}intestinal region. Dorsal pores lacking. Spermathecae, when\par{}present, adiverticulate and in front of the gonadal segments.\par{}Male pores, behind female pores, macroscopic and then\par{}connected to intracoelomic muscular ejaculatory bulbs that\par{}receive the vasa deferentia.><Reproductive organs: Testes and male funnels in holandric condition (in 10 and 11), or proandric (in 10), or metandric (in 11). Vasa differentia commencing at lateral sides of male\par{}funnels, clearly visible or embedded in wall tissue. Seminal vesicles paired or fused dorsally,\par{}confined to one or two segments, or stretching posterior to one or more segments. Male\par{}pores paired, post-testicular. Ovaria paired in segment 13. Spermathecae with no diverticula,\par{}one or two pairs, or multiple at each side of segment, in one or more segments. Spermathecal\par{}pores in one or more intersegmental furrows, pretestical, testical and post-testical. Excretory\par{}system: Holonephric (holoic), with V-shaped or J-shaped nephridial bladders; or meronephric (meroic), enteronephric (enteroic). Oesophageal gizzard: One in segment 7, or in\par{}6\endash{}7; or two in 6\endash{}7 and 9. Dorsal blood vessel: Simple in the whole length of the body; or\par{}double in preclitellar segments \endash{} (crossing septa may be single or double) and simple postclitellarly. Paired dorsoventral vessels in 4, 5\endash{}11, enlarged and contractile in 9\endash{}11, slightly\par{}resembling a string of beads. Calciferous glands oesophageal, moderately developed, variable in size, shape \endash{} (stalked or not stalked), located variably (species condition). Typhlosole\par{}occupying nearly 70% of intestinal segments, variably developed, V- or U-shaped (species\par{}condition). Genital glands: Variable in shape, size, number and location, poorly known organs. Body shape: Cylindrical, occasionally flattened at clitellar area. Body length highly variable, ranging from 25 to 2600 mm. Segment number variable at species level although might\par{}be a generic feature. Secondary annulation of preclitellar segments occurs as the external,\par{}transverse furrows, or grooves, demarcating segments externally into shorter portions. Prostomium: Prolobous. Setae: Eight per segment, in four pairs along the body (with some discrepancy occurring in some species). Clitellum: Present in sexually mature individuals, although in some adults the clitellar area can be consist of a tin layer of vestigial clitellar tissues, marked by dark-brown coloration; a range of occupied segments highly variable between species, usually, with small deviations, constant specific; saddle shaped or slightly\par{}encircling the body, although the clitellar tissues are not covering the medial part of the\par{}body. Tubercula pubertatis appearing in an earlier state of sexual maturity, preceding formation of clitellum; paired, glandular, variably shaped, although their shape and location are\par{}constant within species. Papillae: Glandular swellings variable in size, shape and position,\par{}usually associated with setal pairs, or genital glands.><Postanal annulus absent. Pharyx agnathous, euthylaematous. Gastropore in XIII. Gastroporal duct generally tubular, lying on female organ. Testisacs multiple, two or three in each annulus. Male medial reproductive system in XI, being weakly muscularized atrium, without penis sheath or penis. Ovisacs globular. Oviducts short, converging into common oviduct. Female median reproductive system essentially lacking.><Interstitial marine oligochaetes. Prostomium and pygidium rounded and simple, without appendages. Clitellum extending over XI1 and XIII. Setae in four bundles per segment, beginning in 11, in anterior segments often more than 2 per bundle. Modified genital setae present, in some species haidlike, otherwise hair setae absent. Pharyngeal pad dorsal. Oesophageal wall glandular through several anterior segments. Brain elongate, deeply cleft posteriorly. Nerve cord with several ganglia per segment. Coelomocytes not observed. Testes in X(?). (Ovaries not seen.) One or two pairs of sperm funnels present posteriorly in X or in X and XI; male ducts very short and inconspicuous, possibly absent(?). Atria and copulatory organs absent. Paired rows of copulatory glands present along ventral body wall in genital region of worm. (Female funnels not seen.) Spermathecae in VII and/or VIII.><Crassiclitellata with one oesophageal gizzard in vi; paired, extra-mural calciferous glands in some or all of segments vii\endash{}xiv; typhlosole ribbon-shaped, variously folded or pouched. Vascular system with dorsal and ventral trunks, supraoesophageal trunk, paired extra-oesophageal trunks median to the hearts, subneural vessel adherent to body wall. Holonephridia stomate, vesiculate in intestinal region. Dorsal pores lacking. Spermathecae, adiverticulate, in front of the gonadal segments. Male pores behind female pores, microscopic if primary; or if macroscopic then connected to intramural copulatory chambers.><Medium-sized worms with trunk up to 80 mm in length. Introvert shorter than trunk. Few hooks present only in small individuals (less than 10 mm in length). Oral disc bearing numerous tentacles (30\endash{}200) in adults, enclosing nuchal organ. Body wall with longitudinal muscle layer gathered into anastomosing bands. Contractile vessel with many villi. Two pairs of introvert retractor muscles, the lateral pair often extensively fused. Spindle muscle attached posteriorly. Two nephridia. After Schulze et al. (2019)><Generally small worms (5\endash{}30 mm). Introvert usually longer than trunk protruding at an angle of 45\endash{}90\u176? ventral to the main axis of the trunk. Tentacles encircling nuchal organ. Three types of hooks may be present (compressed uni- and bidentate, pyramidal, and conical) in a combination of two or three of them. Outer trunk wall with some kind of cuticular structure at one or both ends (anal and caudal shield). Inner trunk wall usually as a continuous muscle layer (some species with anastomosing bands). Two introvert retractor muscles. Contractile vessel, when visible, without villi. Spindle muscle attached to posterior end of trunk. Two nephridia usually open posterior to the anus. (after Schulze et al 2019).><Small to medium sipunculans (trunk no longer than 200 mm). Introvert equal to or shorter than the trunk. Tentacles surround the central mouth. Hooks may be deciduous, absent, or simple when present, not sharply curved and generally scattered, but sometimes arranged in rings. Tentacles organized in a close-set array of digitiform, filiform, leaflike, or stemlike extensions of the oral disk or reduced to lobes. External trunk wall generally smooth or with papillae, the latter usually small in diameter and height. In small worms (few millimeters), trunk wall sometimes transparent or translucent, but specimens larger than 20 mm with opaque trunk wall (often yellow or whitish). Longitudinal musculature of inner trunk continuous, except in \i{}Phascolopsis\i0{}. One to four retractor muscles. Contractile vessel simple or with numerous villi. One or two nephridia. Nephridiopore opening anterior or posterior to the anus (from Schulze et al. 2019).><Small to medium sized worms (trunk up to 12 cm in length). Introvert usually of equal size or much longer than trunk. Hooks recurved, usually with internal structures or series of basal spinelets. Hooks typically closely packed in regularly spaced rings. Short tentacles surrounding the nuchal organ in an arc. Outer trunk wall with obvious papillae covering the whole body, concentrated at anterior and/or posterior end of trunk. Internally longitudinal muscle subdivided into anastomosing bands or a thinner continuous layer. Four introvert retractor muscles. Contractile vessel smooth but may be large with bulbous pouches or swelling in some species. Spindle muscle attached or not posteriorly. Two nephridia, uni or bilobed. After Schulze et al. (2019)><Medium to large worms (trunk greater than 50 mm). Introvert much shorter than trunk. Hooks, if present, in rings; likewise, prominent conical papillae. Oral disc bearing tentacles arranged around the mouth. Inner trunk wall with small irregular sac-like coelomic extensions. Circular and longitudinal muscle layers in anastomosing, sometimes indistinct, bands. Two to four introvert retractor muscles. Contractile vessel with or without villi. Spindle muscle attached posteriorly. Two nephridia. After Schulze et al. (2019)><Large sipunculans, commonly 100\endash{}200 mm long, with introvert shorter than the trunk. Oral disk with tentacles surrounding a central mouth. Hooks absent; prominent triangular papillae arranged irregularly, covering most of the length of the introvert. Trunk cylindrical and covered externally by swollen rectangular \ldblquote{}mini pillows.\rdblquote{} Longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the inner trunk divided into distinct bands (Longitudinal muscle bands, LMBs and Circular muscle bands, CMBs, respectively). Functional pore present between each pair of overlapping longitudinal and circular bands, allowing direct contact between coelomic fluid and the skin to facilitate gas exchange. Pore opens in a closed space (sac) or into parallel longitudinal canals limited in length to the width of one circular muscle band (coelomic extensions), extending through most of the trunk length. Thread-like muscle (spindle muscle) extends through the center of gut coil from anterior to posterior; not attached to the wall of the posterior trunk. Two pairs (two dorsal and two ventral) of introvert retractors muscles extend from the head to the anterior trunk wall. Intestinal coil attached to body wall along most of its length by many connective tissue strands (fixing muscle). A pair of nephridia opening anterior or posterior to the anus. (from Schulze et al. 2019)><Proboscis bifid in some; ventral chaetae one pair, single, numerous, or absent; anal vesicles branched in some; gonoducts unpaired or rarely paired, one or more, androecium present; sexually dimorphic; males diminutive, usually in gonoducts of females." (Von Dohren & Schulze 2019, page proofs).><Apomorphy is the cylindrical gizzard in VI-VIII in a worm with an eversible pharynx and septal glands. The loss of\par{}posterior ovaries, reduction of anterior set of male organs, and presence of a proboscis are some of several microdile characters\par{}retained by this family.>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  d  d                                                                                          `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `  `                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <Wolf, P.S. (1987) Aberrantidae: A new family of Polychaeta (Annelida). Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 7, 50\endash{}52><Cook DG (1968) The genera of the family Lumbriculidae and the genus Dorydlilus (Annelida, Oligochaeta). Journal of the Zoological Society of London 156: 273-289.><NAKANO T, ETO K, NISHIKAWA K, HOSSMAN MY, JERATTHITIKUL E (\b{}2018\b0{}) Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184: 1\endash{}30.><James SW, Davidson SK 2012 Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida : Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences. Invertebrate Systematics 26: 213\endash{}229><Plisko D (2012) Notes on the status of the family Microchaetidae, Zoology in the Middle East, 58:sup4, 47-58><Nakano T, Ramlah Z, Hikida T (\b{}2012\b0{}) Phylogenetic position of gastrostomobdellid leeches (Hirudinida, Arhynchobdellida, Erpobdelliformes) and a new family for the genus Orobdella. Zoologica Scripta 41: 177-185><Ers\u233?us, C. & Strehlow, D.R. (1986) Four new interstitial species of marine Oligochaeta representing a new family. Zoologica Scripta 15, 53\endash{}60.><James SW 2012 Re-erection of Rhinodrilidae Benham, 1890, a senior synonym of Pontoscolecidae James, 2012 (Annelida: Clitellata). Zootaxa 3540: 67\endash{}68><Brinkhurst RO (1988) A taxonomic analysis of the Haplotaxidae (Annelida, Oligochaeta). Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: 2243-2252>                                                                                                    ߭,??                                                                                                                          9                    u                      X  X                        a  a  a          :  m  m  m  m  m  m  m  m    8  8  8    -  X  X          /  K  K  K  K  |            (  (  (  (  (  (  (  (          :	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  l	  	  

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                      j                                C
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  R  R      	  	  <  k  v                    '  '  '  '                                                                                                      <\i{}Acrocirrus\i0{} may be bright lime-green to yellow><most species have epidermal glands containing brightly coloured red, green or yellow oil (as seen in live specimens)><red or yellow mid-dorsal stripe><including banding on branchiae or pigment spots on dorsal body><red-brown, green or white spots and stripes on dorsal surface; chaetae often appear yellowish-white><iridescent chaetae><dark red, green to black (large forms)><palps may be banded and posterior body is translucent and typically appears dark because of gut contents><gold colouration of dorsal surface due to reflective paleae><includes forms that are dark green, black, red-orange or yellow><a vivid carmine-maroon reddish colour><sometimes bright orange><usually red to brown transverse stripes or base colour><black><dark green to black base colour, sometimes with transverse yellow spots><often an iridescent greenish or redish base colour><often red-brown body and white chaetae><radiolar crown may be pigmented; darkly pigmented spermathecae may resemble a pair of eyespots><yellowish to greenish-brown><the Kinabalu Giant Red Leech is bright orange-red><reddish-brown base colour with brownish spots, blotches or stripes on dorsal surface; some genera have an iridescent sheen><dark brown-green-black base colour with lighter longitudinal stripes/blotches><conspicuous white or green epidermal pigment glands and subepidermal gland cells ('cuticular glands'), up to four rows per segment; glands most dense on head and anal segments><may have segmental pigment spots on anterodorsal side of parapodia><yellowish to orange; more rarely blackish><posterior body may have pigment spots><speckled appearance as result of green epidermal glands\par{}><one species has dark transparent bands and parapodial pigment spots><greenish or browish base pigment or banded><sometimes with brown bands><middle segments often banded orange to dark red><often dark brown or even black, with lighter coloured clitellum><dosal body may have speckled pigmetation><diverse colours that often match the colour pattern of the host><olive-green, brown and orange are common base colours with or without contrasting bright speckles or patches; some species have dark bands stripes on one or more anterior segments><yellow, orange or brown><brown, black or white stripes, speckles or flecks on anterior body><brown brands, speckles, or flecks on dorsal body><often different hues of yellow, green and blue as base colour, but orange stripes also occur><often different hues of yellow, green and brown as base colour><some pilargids (eg., \i{}Hermundura\i0{}, \i{}Pilargis\i0{}) have dorsal pigment spots><brown bands, blotches or stripes over a light base colour, or base colour dark brown/black><highly variable pigmentation patterns; often brown or orange elytra with a darker central spot><dorsal surface may be green and lateral margins may be orange coloured (\i{}Limnatis\i0{} and \i{}Limnobdella\i0{} species)><pharynx may be pigmented><yellow, orange or green spots (epidermal glands or gut pigmentation)><dark red or brown dorsally><radiolar crowns often brightly coloured; body may be speckled with darker pigment><yellow, orange or green spots (epidermal glands or gut pigmentation)><radiolar crowns often brightly coloured><bright red palpal plumes><often brilliant white with red highlights on prostomium, scales or mid-ventrum><orange-brown body; tentacles may be banded><introvert may be banded><often brightly coloured to appear cryptic on their hosts><body rarely pigmented but palps may be banded><dorsum and/or dorsal cirri are often brightly coloured and patterned (e.g., transverse stripes)><bands or spots on the tentacles and other parts of the body><bands or spots on the tentacles and other parts of the body><bands or spots on the tentacles and other parts of the body><body often dark green, reddish brown or yellowish><entire body often dark green or reddish brown><yellowish><yellowish with brown flecks or stripes><green, reddish or brown><\par{}><discrete pigmented glands on parapodia and/or transverse body stripes><coloured glands on dorsal cirri>                                                                                          7o?o                                                                                                                                         	   	   	   	   	   	   	                                                                                                   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8                                                                                                       <XI-XII><first 4 segments><V><segments VII-IX, bulbous>                                                                                   >                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       D   D   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   s   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   w   {   {   {   {   {   {                                                                                                                                                                      <I-III><VI><VI-VIII><XVII-XX><VII (supraoesophageal vessel absent)><multiple gizzards posterior to the oesophagus><VI><VI><VIII and IX><VI-VIII><one in VI-VII; the second in IX><XXV-XXX>                                                                                >                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
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   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   h   q   q   q   q   q                                                                                                       <VII-XIV><IX-X (but not restricted to these segments)><IX or X (or segments IX and X)><VII\endash{}XIV><XX-XXIV>                p1                                                                                                                             
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   
                                                            #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   #   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   &   D   D   K   K   K   V   V   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   ]   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   g   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         <from XI><VIII-XI><VII-XI><VII-XI><V><XVIII (and more posteriorly)><XI-XV><XI onward><IX-XI><up to XI><around the oesophagus><X and XI><VII-XI><VI-XI><X><V-IX>                                                                                                 9}Ǭ{Zusno-                                                                                                                                .   F   F   k   k   k   k   k   k   y                                                            
                A  f  q  q  q  }                                %  %  1  1  1  <  <  {  {                                      <  <  <  <  G  G  P  P  P  P  u  u  u  u  u                                                                    C  C  C  C  C  C  P  P  P  P  P  P  P  P  P  P  P  ]  ]  ]  m  m  y  y  y                                                                                                          <XII to XVII><XII or XIII for a few segments><XXXV for many segments><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><XIV to XXXII><IX-XI><XII to XIV><XIV-XVI to XLV-XLVII><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><X to XI><XI-XII, rarely to XIII><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><XIII to XVIII><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><XV to XXV><IX to XIII><X or XI for several segments><IX-XIII (usual position for leeches)><from XII to XIV for about 17 segments><XVIII to XLVII><XVII to LII><VIII to X for several segments><XX to LXXI><XII to XX><X to XXXIII, typically, although may occupy up to 44 segments><IX to XIV><IV-XVI><IV-VIII><XI to XVI><VI to VIII><X-XI, usually, range IX-XII><V to VII><XIII to XVIII or XIV to XIX><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><IX to XIV><XI-XIII><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><XII for a few segments><XII-XIII><XIV-XXII><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)><XV to XIX, usually but rangling from XIV to XXVII><XI to XXVII><XII to XVII><XIII to XXVIII><XIV to XXV><X-XIII (usual position for leeches)>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	   	                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <XIV/XV><XIII, anterior part>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           &   &   0   0   0   0   0   0   :   D   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~   ~                                                                       /  /  /  /  /  E  I  I  I  S  S  S  S  S  ]  o  o  x  x  x                                                    #  '  '  3  3  3  3  B  B  B  B  B  B  F  F  F  F  Y  c  c  c  c  c  c  c  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y  y                                                                                                                                                            <X and XI><X-XI><X and XI or XI only><XIII-XXI><X and XI><X and XI><XI or XII (XI according to Pinder and Brinkhurst (1997))><X and XI><XX or XI (check Siddall et al 2006 say IX-XII)><IX><usually XI; rarely shifted forward><XX or XI><XX or XX and XI><XIII/XIV to XXII/XXIII><X and XI (rarely IX and X)><X and XI, or XI only><VI><X and XI><X and XI><(VIII) IX-X (XI)><XII-XXI><X and XI><X and XI, or X><IX to XII><IV-XXI><IV, V or VII><XI to XXI><VII (T. Timm, pers. comm.)><X, usually><V><X or XI><XIX to XXIV><XIV to XVII (4 pairs)><chaetiger 7><XI><usually XI><XIII to XVIII><XI><X-XIII, usually X><X and XI><XIV/XV to XXIII/XXIV><X and XI><X and XI><XI><X or XI><X or XI>                                                                                              },{Z5sno-                                                                                                                             
                              "   '   f   f   f   f   f   f   f   f   f   s   s   s   x   x   x   x   {                                                                  &  &  &  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  2  H  H  O  O  O  j  j  p  p  |  |                                                                            	  	  	  	  	  	  	                                                                                  %  %  +  +  +  0  0                                                                                                      <XIII><V><XIII><XIII><XIII><XIII><XII><XII or XIII (XII according to Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1977))><XIII or XIV><XII><X><XII, rarely shifted forward><XIII><chaetigers 5-12><XIII><XII><XII and XIII (rarely XI and XII or only in XII)><XIII><XIII or XIV, ovisacs extending back to last segment><XIII><XIII><(X) XI or XII (XIII)><XXIII><XIII, rarely XII and XIII><XIII><XI or XIII><V-XXII><V, VI or VIII><XII to XXII><VII><XI, usually><VII><XIII><XIII><XIV to XVI><XII><XII, usually><XIII><XIII><X-XIII, usually XII><XIII><XII><XIII><XIII><XII><XIII><XIII><XII>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         *   *   *   *   *   *   *                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               <17 pairs><3-8 pairs, usually in midbody><2 pairs only (\i{}Parergodrilus\i0{}) or many distributed along whole body (\i{}Stygocapitella\i0{})>                                                                                                                 ={Z7wo=                                                                                                                    0   0   0   0   :   d   d   d   d   d   d   d   d   d   h                                                                                                                                    =  Q  Q  ]  ]  ]  d  d  q  q                $  $  $  $  +  +  +  +  +  +  +  +  +  +  C  I  I  O  O  O  O  O  O  O  O  O  O                                                                                                              7  7  7  7  7                                                                                                      <XIII><VII-IX, at intersegments; rarely absent><VI to IX><on clitellar segments from segment XXXIV><IX><VI/VII, intersegmental><X or XI, or both><V><XIV, combined with female pore><VII-IX><VI-IX><IX-X (in \i{}Ailoscolex\i0{}); XIII-XVI in other genera (intersegmental)><XIII to XVII><VIII-XI, commonly, but variable><VII-IX or XIII-XVI><XV to XXVI><VI-IX><X or X-XIII><VIII or VIII and IX><V-XXIII><IV or VI><XII (\i{}Crustipellis\i0{}) or XXIII/XXIV (\i{}Opistocysta \i0{}and\i{} Trieminentia)\i0{}><VII (according to Timm 2009)><X, usually><VII><VII-X><chaetigers 6-7 or 9-10><XIII><XIII><III-IV, in intersegmental groove (IV-V according to Timm 2009)><VII and/or VIII><VI/VII to VIII/IX; intersegmental><VI-IX (V-VI sometimes)><VIII-IX><IX and X><IX/X to XV-XVII (in segmental furrows)><XII-XVI; intersegmental grooves>                                                                                                                                                                                                                             %   %   6   6   6   6   6   6   ;   >   M   M   M   M   M   M   M   M   M   f   f   f   k   k   k   k   o   u                                                       #  #  #  #  (  (  (  (  (  Y  b  b  h  h  h  y  y  ~  ~                                            F  L  L  R  R  R  R  W  W  W  W  W  \  a  a  a  a  a  f  f  f  f  k  k  k  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  x  }  }  }  }  }  }                                                                                                                                                <XII><XIV><XIV><XIV or XIII and XIV><XII (in furrow)><XIV><X><XIII (or XIV)><XIV-XV (intersegmental)><XII><XI><XIII><XI (\i{}Trocheta blanchardi\i0{}) or XI/XII><XIV, combined with spermathecal pores><XII or XIII><XII><XIV><XII/XIII><XIII and XIV (or XI and XII; XII and XIII)><XI-XII><XIV><XIV><XIV (inconspicuous, XXV in \i{}Eiseniella)\i0{}><XI-XIII><XXIV><XIV, midventral><XIV><XII or XIV><near anus><VII-XXIII><VII><XII or XXII - XXIII><VIII><XII><7, usually><XIV><XIII, anterior part><XII><between chaetigers 6-7 in \i{}Parergodrilus\i0{} and 9-10 in \i{}Stygocapitella\i0{}><XIII><XIII><XII><XII><XIV><XIV><XII><XII or XIII><XIV><XIV><XIII><XIV><XIV><XII/XIII (in intersegmental furrow)>                                                                          $                                                                                                                                        I   I   I   I   V   j   j   z   z   z   z   z   z                                                                                                   2  2  2  8  8  M  Q  Q  Q  a  a  a  a  a  x                B  B  R  i  q                                            <  <  <  <  @  @  @  @  @  D  I  I  I  I  M  Y  Y  Y  Y  ]  ]  ]  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  h  z  z  z  z  z  z                                                                                                                                                <XI><XVIII usually; rarely shifted one or two segments more posteriorly><XIII or XIV><XIX (range XV-XXX)><XI (in furrow)><XIII><X><XIII><XIV-XVI><XI><X><XII (rarely before)><XI><XVII or XVIII; in intersegmental furrow; combined with prostatic pore><XI or XII><XI><XVI to XIX><XI><XI and XII (or X and XI)><X-XI><XIII to XX or later><VI><XVI, rarely XV><XV, rarely XII to XIV><VI to XI><XX or later; in intersegmental groove><XVIII mostly, rarely XVII to XIX; absent in parthenogenetic species><XV to XIX; in intersegmental furrows; sometimes beginning as early as segment XIII><X or XI to XII><midbody (parapodia 3)><V-XXII><V or VI, rarely segment IX><XII or XXII><VIII><XI (usually, rarely segments VIII - XI)><VI><5 to 7><XVII or XVIII><XI, posterior part><XI><XII or XIII (penis present)><XI or XII, rarely segments VIII-X><XI><XI><XII><XI><XI and XII><XI><XI or XII><XIX, XX or later><XIII><XII><XVIII or XIX in intersegmental furrows><XVII-XIX><XI>                                                                       `"                                                                                                                       )   )   )   )   5   5   5   5   5   5   5   5   5   5   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   8   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t   t                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ?  ?  ?  ?  ?  ?  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K  K                                                                                                      <XVII to XIX, ventral, may be prominent><XI to XIII><X><XVII and XVIII, anterior to intersegmental furrow, ventral><XXI to XXIV><XII to XIV><XVII to XIX, or XVIII, ventral><IX to X or X to XII><XVII to XIX, ventral><chaetiger 9><IX to XI most obvious, but smaller ones on either side (for \i{}Komarekiona eatoni\i0{})><XI to XIII>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N   N                                                                                                       <males have claspers on segment 4 for holding onto females during copulation>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   A   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   I   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   W   _   _   _   _   ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^  ^                                                                                                      <Acanthobdellidae has not been reported from Australian waters.><\par{}><\par{}\par{}><\par{}><Eleven genera and 19 species are known from Australia (Govedich, 2002), although many more species undoubtedly remain to be discovered (museum collections contain many unidentifed specimens and there has been no systematic study of the family in Australia). In southern Australia many species seem to occur on sharks and rays.\par{}[Govedich, F.R. (2002) Subclass HIRUDINEA Lamarck, 1818. Australian Faunal Directory. Available from: https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/HIRUDINIDA/complete (October 3, 2018)]>                                                                                                                                                                        /  &
  k    I      c    }!  "  ]%  '  A)  +  /  U1  5  k9  >  @  A  B  nE  G  !I  L  pN  2P  (T  W  Z  
^  c  h  n  p  or  !s  wv  w  z  }  ߅  k  '    :  =  a  I              ش  S        |  X  8          )    W      f      O  8    \      s      5
   & < 
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p r t w { ~|    j  V f " , Ǔ z     h  ۫  Z ~  ˼ [ 7   -  d l  n )                                                                                                         <Aberrantidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Aberranta \i0{}Hartman, 1956\i{}, \i0{}and four species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024) from Nearctic and Palearctic oceans and seas. Aberrantidae was revised by Mackie et al. (2005), and a key is provided by Parapar (2019). \i{}Aberranta\i0{} contains four species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024) from Nearctic and Palearctic oceans and seas><We follow De Carle et al. (2023) in recognising a single family for hook-faced fish worms (Acanthobdellidae, Acanthobdelliformes). Prior to De Carle et al. (2023), a second monotypic family was recognised - Paracanthobdellidae for \i{}Paracanthobdella livanowi \i0{}(Epstein, 1966) but these authors found that morphological differences between the two acanthobdellidan species were not sufficient to warrant two families, although they continued to maintain the two monotypic genera, \i{}Acanthobdella \i0{}Grube, 1851\i{} \i0{}and \i{}Paracanthobdella \i0{}Epshtein, 1987\i{}. \i0{}Acanthobdelliformes\i{} \i0{}is the sister group of leeches (Hiriudinida) (Tessler et al. 2018); they differ from leeches most obviously in lacking an anterior sucker, which is replaced, functionally, by four pairs of hooked chaetae. Acanthobdellidae are mostly ectoparasites of salmonid fishes, restricted to high boreal latitudes (Arctic and sub-Arctic)><Acanthodrilidae as perceived here largely follows the concept of James and Davidson (2012), which is based on a molecular (28S, 18S and 16S) phylogenetic study that found support for the broad concept of the family (=Acanthodrilinae sensu Jamieson 2000, Jamieson 2006), which includes Acanthodrilinae, Benhamiinae Michaelsen, 1897, Octochaetinae Michaelsen, 1900 and the monotypic Exxidae Blakemore, 2000. Although James and Davidson (2012) considered that the consistent support for the monophyly of Benhamiinae warranted its elevation to family rank, we have refrained from doing this because of the conflicting findings of a more recent phylogenomic study that showed the largest Benhamiine genus \i{}Dichogaster\i0{} Beddard, 1888 nested within Acanthodrilidae. As a result, the family concept adopted here is much broader than the one used in WoRMS, which recognises these subfamilies as families. Acanthodrilidae s.l. is similar to Megascolecidae and Ocnerodrilidae and only distinguishable from these taxa at DELTA Diagnostic Level 2. Acanthodrilidae s.l. is well represented by endemics throughout former Gondwana and is absent from the Palaearctic; the presence of acanthodrilid species in the USA, Mexico and the Caribbean Islands (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023) may represent introductions. Introduced species also occur in Gondwanan regions \endash{} Blakemore (1999) identified 12 non-endemic Acanthodrilidae species from Australia, demonstrating the group's propensity for human-assisted spread. Acanthodrilidae is one of only two earthworm families having maritime members. Maritime acanthodriles include species of \i{}Notiodrilus \i0{}Michaelsen, 1899\i{} \i0{}(referred to \i{}Microscolex \i0{}Rosa, 1887\i{} \i0{}by some authors) and \i{}Rhododrilus \i0{}Beddard, 1899\i{} \i0{}(Lee, 1959). Jamieson et al. (2002) and Dyne and Jamieson (2004) provide very useful treatments of the family and subfamilies. Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Acanthodrilidae taxa from native ones of South Africa><Acoetidae is represented by eight genera and 56 species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024). Pettibone (1989) revised the family and provided a key to genera. Acoetidae appear to have a worldwide distribution in coastal areas and continental seas; deep sea and high latitude records are lacking (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. 2015) provide revised keys to European taxa. Barnich (2011) provides a key to scale worms, including Acoetidae, of British and Irish waters. Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2014) provide a key to \i{}Eupanthalis\i0{} McIntosh, 1876 of the world><Acrocirridae is a morphologically diverse family represented by ten genera and 45 species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024), distributed worldwide in both benthic and holopelagic habitats. Key taxonomic publications on the family include Banse (1969) who described the family, originally based on only two genera removed from Cirratulidae, and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2007), who include keys to known genera and species at the time. Osborn and Rouse (2011) erected the holopelagic genus, \i{}Swima\i0{} Osborn, Haddock, Pleijel, Madin & Rouse, 2009 and analysed the phylogeny of the family. Gil (2011) provides a revised key to European genera and Salazar-Vallejo (2009) provides a key to Caribbean species. Magalh\u227?es and Bailey-Brock (2011) provide a key to world \i{}Acrocirrus\i0{} Grube, 1873 species><Aeolosomatidae is here considered to contain the monotypic Potamodrilidae Bunke, 1967 and belong to Oligochaeta following Rouse et al. (2022), which is how they have been considered at various times in the past, even though the resemblance is not strong. However, for the last 40 years or so, the two families were considered to be part of the order Aphanoneura Timm, 1981. Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. The family contains four genera and 33 species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024) which occur worldwide, although it is best known from the Palaearctic Realm and there are few records from other realms including polar regions (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023)><Alluroididae (along with Syngenodrilidae) are sister group to Crassiclitellata (Jamieson 2006, Timm 2012), sharing several reproductive features in common, but having a single-celled clitellum like other microdriles. The family comprises seven genera and 11 species (WoRMS, accessed 2023) and are only found in inland waters of the Afrotropical and Neotropical realms, though this may reflect low sampling intensity of megadriles in swampy/semi-aquatic fresh waters worldwide. Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. [WoRMS (2023). Alluroididae Michaelsen, 1900. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1039992 on 2023\endash{}10\endash{}15]><Almidae is a widely distributed family of megadrile earthworms occurring in the tropics and subtropics, excluding Australia. It includes 64 species in seven genera (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein). At Diagnostic Level 2 the family was indistinguishable from Lumbricidae. They are one of the few megadrile families that include species that are both aquatic and semi-aquatic (Martin et al. 2008). Chanabun et al. (2013, 2023) provide a key and accounts of worldwide \i{}Glyphidrilus\i0{} Horst, 1899 species><Alvinellidae comprises two genera and 14 species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024). Once thought to be confined to the Pacific, they now appear to be distributed in deep waters of all major oceans, except perhaps the Atlantic; they are associated with deep-sea hydrothermal vents. The group is apparently absent from high latitudes><Americobdellidae, is a monotypic family repesented by \i{}Americobdella valdiviana\i0{} (Philippi, 1872). It occurs only in southern Chile. Ringuelet (1985) summarizes previous studies finding that the leech occurs in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats (below); this information, in combination with key character differences \endash{} for example, presence or absence of eyes \endash{} between descriptions suggests that more than one species exists under this name. Once thought to be a member of Hirudiniformes based on overall morphology and feeding biology, it is now considered more closely allied with Erpobdellidae and Salfidae (Arhynchobdella), with which it shares the lack of eyes and poorly-developed jaws (Siddall and Borda 2004). Its reproductive system is distinctive, resembling that in Piscicolidae and Ozobranchidae (Siddall et al. 2006)><Ampharetidae is a large family represented by about 64 genera and 300 species (Ebbe and Purschke 2021) having a worldwide distribution. Key taxonomic publications on the family include Holthe (1986) and Reuscher et al. (2009) which include keys to known genera at the time. Gil (2011) provides a revised key to subfamilies and genera of Europe (at the time Melinninae (now Melinnidae)was a subfamily of Ampharetidae); Jirkov (2013) provides a key to boreal ampharetids; Jirkov and Leontovich (2013) provide a key to Terebellomorpha, including Ampharetidae, from the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar seas; and Alvestad and Budaeva (2020) provide interactive keys to species of Norwegian seas\par{}><Amphinomidae is represented by 21 genera and about 150 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024; excluding fossil taxa), and have a worldwide distribution, although they are most diverse in warm coastal marine waters. Gil (2011) provides a key to European genera, Arias et al. (2013) provide a key to Mediterranean genera, and Sun and Li (2017) provide a key to world genera\par{}><Aphroditidae is represented by seven genera and 98 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024, excluding fossil taxa), and are distributed worldwide. Pettibone (1966) provides a key to genera at the time. Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2015) provide revised key to European taxa, while Hutchings and McRae (1993) provide keys to all genera (at the time) and Australian species. Barnich and Fiege (2000) provide keys to \i{}Aphrodita\i0{} Linnaeus, 1758 and \i{}Aphroditella\i0{} Roule, 1898 of the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean. Barnich (2011) provides a key to scale worms, including Aphroditidae, of British and Irish waters><Apistobranchidae is represented by seven species in a single genus, \i{}Apistobranchus \i0{}Levinsen, 1884.\i{} \i0{}For much of the last century Apistobranchidae has been allied with spioniform families, but molecular evidence has now revealed a closer association with chaetopteriforms, and also revealed a potential synapomorphy (presence of aciculae) (see Rouse et al. 2022). Blake (1996) provides a key to species at the time. The family appears to have a worldwide distribution but may be restricted to coastal areas and the continental shelf, as few records occur in the deep sea (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023)><Arenicolidae currently contain four genera and 23 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024; excluding fossil taxa); they are distributed worldwide, although Antarctic and oceanic records appear to be rare (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Wells (1959) redefined the genera and provides a generic key and Darbyshire (2020) reviewed the family. Gil (2011) provides a revised key to European genera><Biwadrilidae is a monotypic family represented by \i{}Biwadrilus bathybates \i0{}(Stephenson, 1917), known only from the Lake Biwa region in Japan (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). Blakemore (2008) examined new material of \i{}B. bathybates \i0{}from\i{} \i0{}Lake Biwa and concluded that Biwadrilidae should be subsumed within Criodrilidae Vejdovsky, 1884, although the synonymy appears not to have been widely adopted. On the other hand, molecular analysis shows this family as sister to the Madagascan endemic family Kynotidae, and therefore quite distant phylogenetically from Criodrilidae (James and Davidson 2012). Our dataset shows Biwadrilidae to be morphologically distinct from both families><Crayfish commensal worms, Branchiobdellidae, have been classified at various taxonomic levels from family to class, although for a long time they been considered a family of oligochaetes (Brinkhurst and Gelder 2001, Govedich et al. 2009). They lack the anterior sucker of typical leeches, and instead have adhesive mouth parts for attaching to their host, and one pair of dorsal-ventral jaws instead of the typical triangular-arranged leech-type jaws. We follow the more recent phylogenomic evidence presented in Ers\u233?us et al. (2020) who regard them as a leech. Crayfish worms comprise 22 genera (WoRMS 2023) and occur only in the Nearctic and Palaearctic (Europe and East Asia) ; two species have been introduced to the UK (James et al. 2015). Holt and Opell (1993) provide an illustrated key to North American forms (formerly Cambarincolidae) and Gelder (1996) provides a checklist of species><Capilloventridae was created for a marine species from Brazil (Harman and Loden 1984); a single genus, \i{}Capilloventer \i0{}Harman & Loden, 1984\i{} \i0{}and\i{} \i0{}six species are now known globally from both marine and freshwater environments of the Southern Hemisphere including southeastern Australia and Antarctica (Pinder and Brinkhurst 1997; Martin et al. 2008; Pinder 2013). Pinder (2013; 2025) provides a key to the three freshwater Australian species><Capitellidae were once grouped with Clitellata (Rouse et al. 2022) as they are similar in external and internal (pharynx) morphology. Then followed a long association with sedentary polychaetes until recently when molecular phylogenetic studies revealed a sister grouping with Thalassamatidae (formerly Echiura) within Sedentaria. The family is represented by 42 genera and about 170 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), and is widely distributed around the world. Warren et al. (1994) revised the genus \i{}Mediomastus\i0{} Hartman, 1944. Gravina and Somaschini (1990) and Green (2002) provide keys to genera at the time. Gil (2011) provides a revised key to European genera. Silva et al. (2017) provide a key to \i{}Capitella\i0{} Blainville, 1828 species of the world, Silva and Amaral (2019) provide a well-illustrated key to \i{}Scyphoproctus\i0{} Gravier, 1904 species of the world, and Garc\u237?a-Garza et al. (2019) provide a world checklist of \i{}Notomastus\i0{} M. Sars, 1851 and a key to its species from the Gulf of California and Hern\u225?ndez-Alc\u225?ntara et al. (2022) provide a key to species of \i{}Notomastus\i0{} with hooded hooks in thoracic chaetigers><Chaetopteridae is represented by four genera and 82 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024) and has a worldwide distribution in benthic and holopelagic environments. Like Apistobranchidae, the family has been allied with spioniform families until recently, when molecular evidence revealed its association with Apistobranchidae; the two families share the presence of aciculae, which is unusual for Sedentaria (see Rouse et al. 2022). Holopelagic species like \i{}Chaetopterus pugaporcinus\i0{} Osborn, Rouse, Goffredi & Robison, 2007 differ from their benthic cousins in their highly modified bodies and may not be identifiable with the present dataset. Blake (1996) and Gil (2011) provide keys to European genera. Sun and Qiu (2014) provide a key to \i{}Chaetopterus\i0{} from the Pacific region, and Wang and Li (2017) provide a key to Pacific species of \i{}Phyllochaetopterus\i0{} Grube, 1863><Chrysopetalidae show great morphological diversity, so we have provided subfamily coding to reduce polymorphism in the dataset (only the family was coded in POLiKEY2; Glasby & Fauchald 2003).The broad concept of the family now comprises 30 genera and about 107 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), but a much narrow version was for many years associated with Phyllodocida, particularly nereidiforms. Over the last 10 years or so, Chrysopetalidae has expanded considerably. Aguado et al. (2013) found that the mostly parasitic Calamyzidae and the deep-sea bivalve endosymbionts Nautiliniellidae were morphologically and genetically allied to Chrysopetalidae. Finally, Rouse et al. (2022) moved the single parasitic species comprising Ichthyotomidae to Chrysopetalidae on the basis of morphological similarity and grouped all members of Chrysopetalidae sensu lato within Hesionoidea.Three clades can be recognised in the family (Rouse et al. 2022), which are here recognised as subfamilies: Calamyzinae (containing Ichthyotomidae and Nautiliniellidae), Chrysopetalinae and Dysponetinae. San Martin (2004) provides a key to chrysopetaline genera of the time. Gil (2011) provides an updated key to European taxa and Parapar et al. (2012) provides a key to European Calamyzinae. Cruz-G\u243?mez (2021) provides a checklist of all chrysopetalids species (including calamyzines) recorded from the Tropical East Pacific><Calamyzinae (containing the now defunct Ichthyotomidae and Nautiliniellidae; coded as families in POLiKEY2, Glasby and Fauchald 2003) is a poorly known, mostly parasitic group comprising 18 genera and 26 species, including an unusually high number of monotypic genera. Databased distributional records are few, and include records from South America (\i{}Ichthyotomus \i0{}Eisig, 1906), and North America (Nautiliniellidae) only (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Identification keys for the subfamily are lacking><Chrysopetalinae is the largest, and most widespread subfamily of Chrysopetalidae, comprising 11 genera and 65 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024) (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023)><Dysponetinae comprise a single genus, \i{}Dysponetus\i0{}, and 16 species (WoRMS, accessed May 2024), distributed around the world, although occurrences are patchy (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023) probably due to sampling bias. Darbyshire and Brewin (2015) compare three newly described species with other members of the genus><Cirratulidae are paraphyletic without the inclusion of Ctenodrilidae (Rouse et al. 2022); however, we have treated the two families separately to facilitate identification, particularly because the former is easily distinguished by having palps, whereas the latter does not. The distinction has also been maintained by Blake and Magalh\u227?es (2019), who report 15 genera and more than 160 described species of Cirratulidae distributed worldwide. Keys to genera are provided in Blake (2018) and \u199?inar and Petersen 2011) provide a key to multi-tentaculate genera. Gil (2011) provides an updated key to European taxa, including Ctenodrilinae and Raphidrilinae><Cossuridae is currently represented by a single genus, \i{}Cossura \i0{}Webster & Benedict, 1887, and 30 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024). The family is poorly known biologically and taxonomically, which is reflected in its current position of Sedentaria \i{}incertae sedis\i0{} Rouse et al. (2022). They are distributed worldwide but appear to be species poor in the deep sea (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2012) provide keys to European taxa, Read (2000) and Sousa et al. (2019) provide useful tabulated comparisons of all species><Criodrilidae includes two species in a single genus, \i{}Criodrilus \i0{}Hoffmeister, 1845,\i{} \i0{}which are native to the western Palaearctic\i{} \i0{}(Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023); many more generic and species names are available but are currently considered not valid (WoRMS 2023). Criodrilidae is similar to Ocnerodrilidae and only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1><Ctenodrilidae is included as a subfamily (Ctenodrilinae) of Cirratulidae in WoRMS (May 2021) and Rouse et al. (2022) but treated as a separate family in the Handbook of Zoology (Dean and Blake 2019). We follow the latter authors simply because ctenodrilids are morphologically distinguishable from other cirratulids in lacking palps, among other features (it was also treated as a family in POLiKEY2; Glasby and Fauchald 2003). The family in this sense contains four genera (\i{}Aphropharynx \i0{}Wilfert, 1974,\i{} Ctenodrilus \i0{}Clapar\u232?de, 1863\i{}, Raphidrilus \i0{}Monticelli, 1910\i{}, Raricirrus \i0{}Hartman, 1961) and 17 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), and is distributed worldwide although deep-sea records are rare (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Petersen and George (1991) provide a key to genera. Gil (2011) provides an updated key to European taxa and Magalh\u227?es et al. (2011) provide a key to all genera of Ctenodrilidae and species of \i{}Raphidrilus\i0{}><Cyclobdellidae is a doubtfully-valid family of jawed Hirudiniformes, represented by a single genus and three species, which are endemic to South America (Christoffersen 2008). The family is very similar to Praobdellidae and only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Taxonomic literature on the family is scarce. Christoffersen (2008) listed the taxa from South America><Cylicobdellidae is a poorly-known jawless erpodelliform family (Siddall et al. 2006), known only for two genera (\i{}Cylicobdella \i0{}Grube, 1871 and \i{}Blanchardiella \i0{}Weber, 1914) and four and 11 species respectively from South America and the Caribbean; the type genus/species of the family is \i{}Cylicobdella lumbricoides\i0{} Grube, 1871 (Christoffersen 2008; Worms 2023). See Siddall (1995) for an opinion on the validity of the family><Dinophilidae, comprising three genera and about 19 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), was considered until recently to be part of Dorvilleidae (Rouse and Pleijel 2001; POLiKEY - Glasby and Fauchald, 2003), a family renowned for containing paedomorphic species; however, based on recent phylogenomic evidence it is now considered to belong within Sedentaria (Rouse et al. 2022), meaning that the idea that paedomorphosis occurring in the family needs to be reviewed. One aberrant dinophilid, \i{}Apharyngtus punicus \i0{}Westheide, 1971, thought to represent a separate lineage from other dinophilids, has been placed in its own family, Apharyngtidae (Worsaae et al. 2021), but has recently been allocated to Diurodrilidae. Dwarf males are known for \i{}Dinophilus \i0{}Schmidt, 1848, and these may not be identifiable using this dataset. Dinophilidae are currently only known from the Northern Hemisphere (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). See the Dorvilleidae treatment for literature containing keys to dinophilid taxa><Diurodrilidae is a poorly known family, now thought to contain two genera, \i{}Diurodrilus\i0{} Remane, 1925 and \i{}Apharyngtus\i0{} (Rouse et al. 2022) and eight species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024). Its composition and position have varied over the years, from being part of Dinophilidae (\i{}Apharyngtus\i0{} only), Dorvilleidae, belonging to Orbiniida (Struck 2019), and even being outside of Annelida (Rouse et al. 2022, and references therein). Herein, we consider the family as part of Polychaeta by default, as they have never been affiliated with any other annelid group. Diurodrilidae are only known from the Northern Hemisphere (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). The key to Dorvilleidae in Gil (2011) includes the two current diurodrilid genera><Dorvilleidae is a morphologically heterogeneous group that was treated as three subgroups (Dorvilleidae subgroups 1,2,3) in POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). In the present dataset we treat the family in its broad sense (including Iphitimidae), essentially the same concept as used in Rouse et al. (2022). As such, the family is more polymorphic than most annelid families, meaning that specimens of some highly modified genera may not be identifiable as a dorvilleid. The family contains 31 genera and over 150 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), which are distributed worldwide. Campoy and San Mart\u237?n (1980) and Eibye-Jacobsen and Kristensen (1994) provide a key to genera, although the latter contains members of Dinophilidae, which are now considered a separate family. The Dorvilleidae of Gil (2011) includes both Dinophilidae and Diurodrilidae. Wiklund et al. (2021) provide the most recent key to genera><Dorydrilidae is indistinguishable from large and morphologically variable Naididae using the present dataset and differs from the mostly Gondwanan Phreodrilidae at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1 (see Remarks under Naididae for further comments). The reader is referred to the full description to verify identification. The plesioporous male duct in Dorydrilidae has probably arisen with reduction of the posterior pair of testes and vasa deferentia (T. Timm, pers. comm.), and details of the male reproductive system may prove useful for distinguishing closely similar families. Dorydrilidae is known for a single genus and three species (all from Europe, including Germany, Switzerland, France, Austria, United Kingdom) and an unpublished occurrence in Spain (PM pers. obs.; WoRMS (2023)). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time><Enchytraeidae cannot be separated from the monogeneric Propappidae at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1; however, fine details of the crotchet chaetae may provide sufficient to differentiate the two families (see full descriptions of each). Enchytraeidae is cosmopolitan and perhaps the most widely occurring clitellate family, although relatively less common in the tropics (Martin et al. 2008; Ers\u233?us et al. 2010). The family occupies primarily moist terrestrial habitats including groundwater and moist forest soils, but also inhabits marine sediments. Marine enchytraeids mainly occur in the upper intertidal, but some genera (e.g., \i{}Grania \i0{}Southern, 1913) are widespread in offshore benthos (Ers\u233?us and Healy 2001). Globally there are over 700 species in about 30 genera (Rota and de Jong 2015). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to global genera and species at that time, and Schmelz and Collado (2010) provide keys to European terrestrial and freshwater taxa and Ers\u233?us and Healy (2001) provide a key to marine taxa. Locke and Coates (2000) provide a key using anatomical characters to distinguish nine species of \i{}Grania\i0{} and two species of \i{}Randidrilus\i0{} Coates & Ers\u233?us, 1985 in eastern North America and the Caribbean. Worsfold (2003) provides an introduction and key to oligochaetes, including Enchytraeidae, of the NE Atlantic. Enchytraeidae are present in Australia, though its true diversity is grossly underestimated (Pinder 2025)><Erpobdellidae is part of the jawless Arhynchobdella. WoRMS (accessed March 2024) currently lists six genera (\i{}Archaeobdella \i0{}Grimm, 1876, \i{}Dina \i0{}Blanchard, 1892\i{}, Erpobdella \i0{}Lamarck, 1818,\i{} Fadejewobdella \i0{}Lukin, 1962,\i{} Nephelopsis \i0{}Verrill, 1872\i{} \i0{}and\i{} Trocheta \i0{}Dutrochet, 1817) and 25 species. Another three genera, \i{}Mooreobdella, Motobdella \i0{}and \i{}Croatobranchus,\i0{} have been included in the family; however, based on a phylogenetic review, Siddall (2002) synonymised all three genera\i{} \i0{}with\i{} Erpobdella, \i0{}leaving the family only with the six traditional genera.\i{} \i0{}This taxonomy appears to be widely followed (e.g., Khomenko et al. 2020), and Uttam and Langer (2021) provide an identification key to the approximately 45 species now subsumed within genus \i{}Erpobdella\i0{}. \i{}Erpobdella\i0{} is a well-supported monophyletic group mainly found in the Nearctic and Palearctic (Oceguera-Figueroa et al. 2011); three species occur in the Neotropical region (Chrisoffersen 2008) and one is found in New Zealand. The family has more troglobiont species than any other leech family, with cave species occurring across the Palearctic from southern Europe to China and in the Nearctic (US) (Sket and Trontelj 2008)><Eudrilidae consists of 45 genera and 305 species distributed natively only in the Afrotropical Realm (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). Two species in the family are regarded as widely introduced peregrines: the African Nightcrawler \i{}Eudrilus eugeniae \i0{}(Kinberg, 1866), sold as fish bait, is widespread in the tropics and subtropics including Australia (Blakemore 1999) and the more restricted \i{}Hyperiodrilus africanus \i0{}Beddard, 1891, which has spread to Western and Central Africa and Brazil (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). Hippoperidae is considered a junior synonym of Eudrilidae. Taylor (1949) erected Hippoperidae for some unusual reproductive anatomical features including (1) two pairs of male genital pores in the clitellar segments; (2) a pair of vitelline or nutritive glands whose yolk-cells pass by means of yolk duets into a pair of large sacs; these sacs are connected with the female reproductive system and function as spermathecae; and (3) an extensive closed cavity called a \u147?clitellar pouch\u148?, which covers the floor and, at its widest, extends up the lateral walls of the clitellum. Sims (1987) provides a key to genera of Eudrilidae, excluding \i{}Hyperiodrilus \i0{}Beddard, 1891. Clausen (2003) provides a key to all described species of \i{}Libydrilus \i0{}Beddard, 1891. Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Eudrilidae taxa from native ones of South Africa><Eulepethidae is represented by six genera and 24 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), and has a wide distribution, except for the deep sea and Palearctic seas, where records are conspicuously absent (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Pettibone (1969, 1986) revised and family and provided a key to genera. Barnich and Fiege (2003) provide keys and species descriptions for Mediterranean taxa><Eunicidae is represented by 11 genera and about 350 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024; excluding fossil taxa) and have a worldwide distribution. A key to genera is provided in Carrera-Parra and Salazar-Vallejo (1998) and Zanol et al. (2013); the former key is conveniently partitioned into five \i{}Eunice\i0{} Cuvier, 1817 morpho-groups which is most useful. Wu et al. (2013) provide a key to \i{}Eunice\i0{} species from China seas, and Hsueh and Li (2014) provide a key to \i{}Eunice\i0{} and \i{}Nicidion\i0{} Kinberg, 1865 from Taiwan. Gravina et al. (2021) provide a key for Mediterranean species of \i{}Eunice\i0{}><Euphrosinidae is represented by four genera and 65 species (WoRMS accessed Feb 2024), which have a worldwide distribution. Kudenov (1993) and Parapar et al. (2012) provide keys><Fabriciidae (as Fabriciinae) were included among Sabellidae in POLIKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). Kupriyanova and Rouse (2008), using a limited molecular dataset, showed that Fabriciinae were closer to Serpulidae than Sabellidae, and elevated the subfamily to family level. Later, Tilic et al. (2020) using a large-scale phylogenomic dataset found that Fabriciidae were actually the sister group of Serpulidae + Sabellidae. Fabriciidae is represented by 17 genera and about 80 species (Bick 2021) and have a global distribution. Some genera (\i{}Brandtika \i0{}Jones, 1974, \i{}Fabricia \i0{}Blainville, 1928, \i{}Fabriciola \i0{}Friedrich, 1939, \i{}Manayunkia \i0{}Leidy, 1859) have colonised fresh and brackish water. Giangrande et al. (2014, 2015) and Cepeda et al. (2022) provide keys and species diagnoses for Mediterranean and Atlantic species><Fauveliopsidae is represented by three genera and 27 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and appear to have a global distribution. Petersen (2000) and Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2019) provide keys to distinguish species and genera. Jimi et al. (2023) provide a key to identify Japanese species of Fauveliopsidae><Flabelligeridae is represented by 25 genera and about 283 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and have a global distribution. The number of taxa in the family has doubled in the last 15 years or so, primarily because of the revisionary studies by Salazar-Vallejo and colleagues (summarised in Rouse et al. 2022), and the incorporation of two holopelagic taxa, Poeobiidae Heath, 1930 and Flotidae Buzhinskaya, 1996, both which were treated as separate families in POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). Flabelligeridae is morphologically diverse reflecting its holopelagic (two genera) and benthic (remaining genera) forms. One genus, \i{}Daylithos \i0{}Salazar-Vallejo, 2012, bores into rocks and corals (Salazar-Vallejo 2019). Fauchald (1977), Oug et al. (2011) and Salazar-Vallejo (2017) provide keys to the benthic genera><Gastrostomobdellidae contained three genera (\i{}Gastrostomobdella \i0{}Moore, 1929, \i{}Mimobdella\i0{} Blanchard, 1897and \i{}Orobdella \i0{}Oka, 1895) until recently. The family was characterised by, among others, the presence of gastropores on gonadal segments, which open to the crop via two pores (not unique to the family though). Sawyer (1986) later moved these genera to a subfamily within Cylicobdellidae (Hirudiniformes), which appears not to have been followed. Following\i{} \i0{}investigation using partial nucleic 18S, 28S rDNA and mitochondrial 12S rDNA sequences, Nakano et al. (2012) restricted Gastrostomobdellidae to its type genus, \i{}Gastrostomobdella\i0{}, which contained four species from South-east Asia and Hawaii. Nakano et al. (2012) also erected the monotypic family Orobdellidae for \i{}Orobdella \i0{}and moved\i{} Mimobdella\i0{} to Salfidae. Later, Nakano et al. (2018) added two more species to \i{}Gastrostomobdella (G. extenta \i0{}Nakano & Jeratthitikul in Nakano et al. 2018 \i{}and G. ampunganensis \i0{}Nakano in Nakano et al. 2018\i{}),\i0{} and a new combination for the Kinabalu Giant Red Leech [\i{}Gastrostomobdella buettikoferi (\i0{}Blanchard, 1897)], bringing the number of species in the genus to seven; this study also added a second genus, \i{}Scaptobdella \i0{}Blanchard, 1897, containing four species, thus giving the family a distribution ranging from Sundaland to Indochina><Glossophionidae is a widespread family of jawless leeches (Rhynchobdellida) occurring in marine, brackish and fresh waters. It is the only leech family to show parental care: adults keep their offspring attached to the ventral body surface or, in rare cases, inside a brood pouch. Some genera are restricted to the Holarctic, for example, \i{}Glossiphonia \i0{}Johnson, 1816\i{} \i0{}and \i{}Placobdella\i0{} Blanchard, 1893 with the majority of species in the Nearctic, and \i{}Torix Blanchard, 1893,\i0{} which is\i{} \i0{}limited to the eastern Palearctic; \i{}Placobdella\i0{} species are known for parasitizing birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles. The glossiphoniid genus \i{}Haementeria \i0{}de Filippi, 1849 occurs in the Neotropical region and \i{}Helobdella\i0{} Blanchard, 1896 has speciated (more than 35 species known) in colder (elevated) regions of South America (Sket and Trontelj 2008); the few species of \i{}Helobdella\i0{} in Australia may all be introductions, including the South American native \i{}Helobdella europaea\i0{} Kutschera, 1987, which has also been introduced to Europe, USA, Taiwan and North Africa (Rashni et al. 2023). Other genera such as \i{}Theromyzon\i0{} Philippi, 1867 have species distributed across all biogeographical regions except for the Australasian region (Sket and Trontelj 2008). Some species have been spread by humans><Glossoscolecidae is similar to Tritogeniidae and only distinguishable from it at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Glossoscolecidae is native to the Neotropical Realm but has been introduced to other continents and even to oceanic islands. It comprises six genera \i{}(Enantiodrilus \i0{}Cognetti, 1902\i{}, Fimoscolex \i0{}Michaelsen, 1900\i{}, Glossodrilus \i0{}Cognetti de Martiis, 1905\i{}, Glossoscolex \i0{}Leuckarton Froriep, 1835\i{}, Holoscolex\i0{} Cognetti de Martiis, 1904 and \i{}Righiodrilus \i0{}Benham, 1890) and 156 species (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. James (2000) provides a key to species of the Samoan Archipelago. Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Glossoscolecidae taxa from native ones of South Africa. Dos Santos et al. (2017) provide a key for all species of \i{}Righiodrilus\i0{}><Glyceridae is very similar to Goniadidae and only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Glyceridae includes four genera and 86 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and have a global distribution. B\u246?ggemann (2002, 2023) revised the family and provides DELTA interactive keys to world genera and species. Rizzo et al. (2007) provide a key to species of \i{}Glycera\i0{} Lamarck, 1818 from Southeastern-Southern Brazil. Gil (2011) provides key to European taxa. B\u246?ggemann and Fiege (2011) list all the valid species of \i{}Glycera\i0{} and provide a key to all species of the genus and B\u246?ggemann (2015) provides a key to glycerids from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia><Goniadidae is very similar to Glyceridae and only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Goniadidae includes eight genera and 85 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and have a global distribution. B\u246?ggemann (2005, 2023) revised the family and provides keys to world genera and species. Gil (2011) provides key to European taxa and B\u246?ggemann (2015) provides a key to goniadids from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia><Haemadipsidae belongs to the jawed Hirudiniformes (Arhynchobdella) which includes both blood-feeding and invertebrate predatory leeches. Its genera are distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific, including Asia (\i{}Haemadipsa \i0{}Tennent, 1859\i{}, Tritetrabdella \i0{}Moore, 1938), Madagascar and the Seychelles (\i{}Chtonobdella \i0{}Grube, 1866), Australia and Papua New Guinea (\i{}Philaemon \i0{}Lambert, 1898\i{}, Chtonobdella\i0{}), and the Pacific Islands (\i{}Chtonobdella\i0{}, \i{}Nesophilaemon \i0{}Nybelin, 1942) (Soos 1967; GBIF Secretariat). Borda and Siddall (2010) recognised three subfamilies - Haemadipsinae, for trignathous human blood-feeding \i{}Haemadipsa\i0{} species, Domanibdellinae, for the duognathous species, and Tritetrabdellinae for \i{}Haemadipsa cavatuses\i0{} + \i{}Tritetrabdella\i0{}. As such we do not recognise family Domanibdellidae Richardson, 1975 in this dataset. Soos (1967) provides a key to Haemadipsidae genera of the world, with a catalogue of the species. Nesemann and Sharma (2001) provide a well-illustrated account of three species from Nepal and Bihar, India><Until recently, Haplotaxidae was thought to have a cosmopolitan distribution, typically aquatic or limnic (including groundwater), with 20 species and eight genera (Martin et al. 2008). However, both morphological and molecular studies (Jamieson 2006; Anderson et al. 2017; Ers\u233?us et al. 2020) indicated that the family was not monophyletic and needed to be split into several families. Martin et al. (2024) then restricted the concept of the family to include only aquatic forms belonging to \i{}Haplotaxis \i0{}(which forms the basis of our family coding) and established four new families \endash{} Pelodrilidae (Europe and the Australian region), Halpotaxoididae (North America) and the monospecific Limpluvidae and Ohtakianidae, both only known from Japan \endash{} and a redefined Haplotaxidae sensu stricto. Despite this more restricted single-genus concept, the family is still distributed across most of the world\rquote{}s major realms. The aquatic \i{}Haplotaxis gordioides \i0{}(Hartman, 1821) was once thought to be widely distributed but has been shown recently to consist of a diverse complex of species (Martin et al. 2023). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. Pinder (2025) provides a key to Australian species\par{}><Hartmaniellidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Hartmaniella \i0{}Imajima, 1977\i{}, \i0{}and\i{} \i0{}three species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024). \i{}Hartmaniella\i0{} has few distribution records in GBIF (accessed Dec 2023), but this may simply reflect an unfamiliarity with the taxon><Hesionidae has a complicated taxonomy and its concept has changed significantly over the last decades. The interstitial genera \i{}Microphthalmus \i0{}Mecznikow, 1865 and \i{}Hesionides\i0{} Friedrich, 1937 were removed by Pleijel and Dahlgren (1998) and that change was reflected in POLikEY (Glasby and Fauchald 2003); in 2019 those two genera were finally allocated a family, Microphthalmidae (Salazar-Vallejo et al. 2019). Hesionidae now includes 30 genera and more than 200 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and has a global distribution. About 30 species are considered obligate or facultative invertebrate symbionts (Martin and Britayev, 1998, 2018). Rizzo and Salazar-Vallejo (2014) provide a key to all genera, Gil (2011) provides key to European taxa, which includes 15 genera including \i{}Microphthalmus\i0{} and \i{}Hesionides, S\i0{}alazar-Vallejo (2022) provides keys to world species of \i{}Psamathe\i0{} Johnston, 1836 and Pamungkas (2024) provides a key to hesionids of Indonesia><Hirudinidae belongs to the jawed Hirudiniformes (Arhynchobdella) which includes both blood-feeding and invertebrate predatory leeches. It is a species rich and widely distributed family, occurring on all continents except Antarctic (Sket and Trontelj 2008). We follow the current broad concept of the family (e.g., Sawyer 1986; Borda et al. 2008; WoRMS 2023) in most aspects, even though the family is likely to be non-monophyletic (Phillips and Siddall 2009). Using our dataset, Hirudinidae is not diagnosable (DELTA Diagnostic Level 0), as it is not separable from Praobdellidae and especially Semiscolecidae. Thus, the diagnosis above is not sufficient for confirming family identification (refer to full description); we suggest that the family is in need of future phylogenetic revision. Hirudinidae comprises four to six subfamilies depending on author: Ornithobdellinae, Macrobdellinae, Hirudinariinae, Richardsonianinae, Hirudiniinae and Praobdellinae; we treat Praobdellinae as a family in this dataset following Phillips et al. (2010). Ornithobdellinae contains terrestrial species that feed on seabirds in the subantarctic islands of Australia and New Zealand; Richardsonianinae (\i{}Bassianobdella \i0{}Richardson, 1970\i{}, Goddardobdella \i0{}Richardson, 1969\i{}, Richardsonianus \i0{}Soos, 1968) is endemic to Australia (Sket and Trontelj 2008); Macrobdellinae Richardson, 1969 encompasses the blood-feeding genera \i{}Macrobdella\i0{} Verrill, 1872 and \i{}Oxyptychus \i0{}Grube, 1850, as recognised in WoRMS (2023); and Hirudininae comprises several genera in Eurasia and Africa, including \i{}Haemopsis\i0{} Savigny, 1822 (i.e., the type genus of the monotypic family Haemopidae, which is also not recognised in this dataset. Nesemann and Sharma (2001) provide a well-illustrated account of the group from Nepal and Bihar, India><Histriobdellidae includes four genera and 14 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), which occur in coastal areas (marine and, mainly, freshwater) in the Americas and Australia. As is typical of symbiotic annelids, its precise relationship within Annelida has been difficult to determine (using morphology or DNA), although the form of the jaws allies them with Eunicida, in particular Dorvilleidae><Hormogastridae includes nine genera (\i{}Ailoscolex \i0{}Bouch\u233?, 1969, \i{}Boucheona \i0{}March\u225?n et al. 2018, \i{}Carpetania \i0{}March\u225?n et al. 2018, \i{}Diazcosinia \i0{}March\u225?n et al. 2018, \i{}Hemigastrodrilus \i0{}Bouch\u233?, 1970, \i{}Hormogaster \i0{}Rosa, 1887, \i{}Norana \i0{}March\u225?n et al. 2018, \i{}Vignysa \i0{}Bouch\u233?, 1970, \i{}Xana \i0{}D\u237?az Cos\u237?n, Briones & Trigo, 1989) and 37 species (March\u225?n et al.\i{} \i0{}2018a, b). The family is similar to Tritogeniidae and only distinguishable from it at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Unlike the southern African Tritogeniidae, Hormogastridae is restricted to the Palaearctic Realm. Molecular evidence places \i{}Ailoscolex lacteospumosus\i0{} Bouch\u233?, 1969 within the Hormogastridae (James and Davidson 2012); therefore, Ailoscolecidae is a probable synonym of Hormogastridae, and we treat it as such here. Hormogastridae may also include the monogeneric Komarekionidae (only species, \i{}Komarekiona eatoni \i0{}Gates, from the eastern USA) as Blakemore (2006, unpub.) considered this family to be a junior synonym of Ailoscolecidae, citing the morphological reasons given in Sims (1980); however, we side with the molecular data that strongly indicate a Komarekionidae - Sparganophilidae relationship (see comments under Sparganophilidae). Gates and Reynolds (2017) include \i{}Komarekiona eatoni \i0{}in their key><Hrabeiellidae are simple-bodied terrestrial annelids assigned to Oligochaeta by Rouse et al. (2022) (and included among microdriles here based on overall appearance) following recent phylogenetic investigations including morphological and molecular evidence presented by Zrzav\u253? et al. (2009). However, their phylogenetic position is far from clear, particularly because they have nuchal organs (a typical polychaete trait) and lack a clitellum (a feature of Clitellata), and have sperm morphology that resembles neither polychaetes nor clitellates (Rota and Lupetti 2015). Purschke (2019a) provides a recent comprehensive morphological treatment of the family from a polychaete perspective. The family is represented by a single species in the genus\i{} Hrabeiella\i0{}><Iospilidae is maintained as a family contra Rouse et al. (2022) who considered the holopelagic taxon to be a junior synonym of Phyllodocidae based on molecular evidence; morphological data supporting this conclusion are not yet available. The family has been maintained as such in WoRMS, where it is currently listed to have four genera and six species (WoRMS accessed May 2024); it was also treated as a valid family in POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). Iospilids can be distinguished from phyllodocids, including Alciopini, by the lack of lateral antennae. They are globally distributed. Dales (1957) provides keys to genera and species of Iospilidae of the Pacific Ocean; O'Sullivan (1982) provides a key to Southern Ocean taxa><Iphionidae were, until relatively recently, treated as a subfamily of Polynoidae (e.g., Pettibone, 1986); in 2012 the subfamily was found to fall out as sister group to a clade consisting of Polynoidae and Acoetidae (Norlinder et al 2012), or sister to Acoetidae exclusively (Gonzalez et al. 2018; Zhang et al. 2018). In POLiKEY (Glasby and Fauchald 2003) they were treated as a subfamily of Polynoidae. In the present dataset they are only distinguishable from Polynoidae at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Unlike Polynoidae, the family is restricted to low and mid-latitude oceans and seas (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Iphionidae comprise four genera and 13 species (WoRMS accessed Mar 2024). Poitrowski (2014) provides a key to all \i{}Iphione \i0{}Kinberg, 1856 species at the time><Kynotidae includes a single genus (\i{}Kynotus\i0{}) and 22 species and is endemic to Madagascar (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein). The family cannot be distinguished from Almidae at Diagnostic Level 3. Razafindrakoto et al. (2017) provide an identification key to \i{}Kynotus\i0{} Michaelsen, 1891 species><Lacydoniidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Lacydonia \i0{}Marion, 1874, and 15 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2024). Rizzo et al. (2015) provide a key to world species and Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2012) provide keys to European species. The family probably has a worldwide distribution, although records are scarce for some oceans and seas (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023)><Lobatocerebridae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Lobatocerebrum \i0{}Rieger, 1980,\i{} \i0{}and only two species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024).\i{} \i0{}The family is very un-annelid like, lacking segmentation, chaetae, a clearly defined head, nuchal organs, a pygidium and even a coelom. The phylogenomic analysis of Mart\u237?n-Dur\u225?n et al. (2021) suggested affinities with Polychaeta><Longosomatidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Heterospio \i0{}Ehlers, 1874\i{}, \i0{}and 24 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2024). Rouse et al. (2022) present molecular data showing the family to be the sister group of Cirratulidae (Acrocirridae + Flabelligeridae), which supported the opinion of Wilson (2000: 193 in Beesley et al. 2000) based on morphology. The family appears to have a wide distribution, although records are sparse in some oceans; they appear to be more common in continental shelf and coastal areas (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) provides a key to European species and Blake and Maciolek (2023) provide species descriptions and a comparative table of characters><Lopadorrhynchidae is a holopelagic family comprising seven genera and 25 species with a global distribution. Pleijel and Dales (1991) provide a key to species from northern Europe while Kolbasova et al. (2020) provide a key to genera. Dales (1957) provides keys to genera and species of Lopadorrhynchidae of the Pacific Ocean; O'Sullivan (1982) provides a key to Southern Ocean taxa><Lumbricidae comprises about 615 species and 47 genera (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). We include the genus \i{}Diporodrilus\i0{} Bouch\u233?, 1970 within Lumbricidae \endash{} it comprises five species/subspecies endemic to the Mediterranean islands of Corsica and Sardinia (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). Although the genus has been considered recently as a separate monogeneric family, Diporodrilidae (e.g., March\u225?n et al. 2022, 2024), the morphological differences between it and Lumbricidae (two rows of lateral coelomic pores vs. one row of dorsal pores, nephridial vesicles which open to the exterior both through nephropores and shared collector channels vs through nephropores alone) appear minor compared to other annelid families and neither character is fully elucidated in the DELTA dataset. Lumbricidae is also similar to Almidae and only distinguishable from it at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. \i{}Diporodrilus\i0{} was found to be sister taxon of the remaining Lumbricidae (March\u225?n et al. 2022, 2024). Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Lumbricidae taxa from native ones of South Africa. Gates and Reynolds (2017) provide a key to North American members of the family. Finally, Blakemore (1999, 2009) estimated that about 33 species are cosmopolitan or widespread, and often invasive, including 24 non-endemic species in Australia><Lumbriculidae include about 240 species and subspecies (Fend et al. 2020) and are most diverse in the freshwater of the Holarctic and to a lesser extent, the Nearctic. Lumbriculidae is similar to several families including Dorydrilidae, Haplotaxidae, Naididae, Narapidae, Propappidae and Phreodrilidae, which are unusual among microdriles in often lacking hair chaetae. It cannot be distinguished from Naididae at Diagnostic Level 3. Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. Pinder (2013; 2025) provides a key to the only two known Australian species, which are almost certain introduced. Rodriguez and Fend (2022) provide a key to known species of \i{}Eremidrilus \i0{}Fend & Rodriguez, 2003><Lumbrineridae includes 20 genera and about 250 species and has a global distribution. Carrera-Parra (2006) investigated the family phylogeny, created six new genera and provided a key. Gil (2011), D\rquote{}Alessandro et al. (2016) and Martins et al. (2012) provide keys to European and Mediterranean taxa. Sedick et al. (2023) provides a key to the \i{}Ninoe\i0{} from southern Africa and Martins et al. (2024) provide a taxonomic key to lumbrinerid species from Iberian waters><Lutodrilidae is a monotypic family represented by \i{}Lutodrilus multivesiculatus \i0{}McMahan, which is restricted to eastern Louisiana, USA (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023)><Magelonidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Magelona \i0{}F. M\u252?ller, 1858, and 82 species (WoRMS accessed Dec 2024), which follows the recommendation of Mortimer et al. (2021) to place a second genus, \i{}Octomagelona\i0{} Aguirrezabalaga, Ceberio & Fiege, 2001 into synonymy with \i{}Magelona\i0{}. Mei\u223?ner et al. (2023) however subsequently described a new species of \i{}Octomagelona\i0{} and proposed that this genus is distinct from \i{}Magelona\i0{} and should be reinstated as valid. Fitzhugh et al. (2024) then argued that this action forced \i{}Magelona\i0{} into paraphyly and recommended that \i{}Octomagelona \i0{}again\i{} \i0{}be synonymized with\i{} Magelona.\i0{} \i{}Magelona\i0{} has a global distribution although oceanic records are few (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023), suggesting a preference for coastal and continental shelf sediments. Gil (2011) and Mortimer et al. (2011, 2020) provide keys to European taxa><Maldanidae comprise more than 40 genera and 250 species/subspecies (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and have a global distribution. Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2019) provide a key to European taxa, and Assis et al. (2022) provides a tabulated comparison of all genera of the subfamily Euclymeninae><Megascolecidae, as perceived here, follows the concept of subfamily Megascolecinae of Jamieson (2000), Jamieson et al. (2002), Dyne and Jamieson (2004) and Jamieson (2006). Although the concept is narrower than other authors accept, it is nevertheless not distinguishable from Acanthodrilidae and Ocnerodrilidae at DELTA Diagnostic Level 3. Megascolecidae is the largest family of 'earthworms' with over 2200 spp. and 85 genera (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023), although members of one genus, \i{}Pontodrilus\i0{}, also occur in the littoral zone. Molecular studies support the monophyly of the family and also show little genetic differentiation within the family, which appears not to support previously suggested taxonomic subdivisions (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein). Unfortunately, there appear to be few morphological characters that clearly define the family and groups within. Megascolecidae is one of only two earthworm families having maritime members - \i{}Pontodrilus litoralis \i0{}is found in and above the littoral zone under beach-washed algae and in detritus. It is apparently more common in the tropics and subtropics but has a near cosmopolitan distribution and a complicated synonymy; although some revisions con\u64257?rm that widespread records can be assigned to a single species (Easton 1984; Anderson et al. 2017), a recent integrative study suggests that morphospecies \i{}P. litoralis \i0{}is a complex of four or more cryptic species (Seesamut et al. 2024).\i{} \i0{}Twenty species of the family are thought to have been introduced to Australia (Blakemore 1999). Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Megascolecidae taxa from native ones of South Africa. Perhaps the most economically important Megascolecidae is the \i{}Pheretima\i0{} group of genera, a clade native to Australia, southeast and eastern Asia, but nowadays globally distributed as a result of introductions; the group currently contains more than 1000 species in 14 genera (Chang et al. 2016). Gates and Reynolds (2017) provide a key to North American members of the family, which has been updated by Chang et al. (2016); and James (2004) provides a key to species belonging to several genera in the Solomon Archipelago><Melinnidae comprise four genera and about 50 species, and are globally distributed in marine environments, but more common in deep water. The family was until recently included within Ampharetidae as a subfamily until Stiller et al (2020) found that it was more closely related to Terebellidae + Trichobranchidae than to Ampharetidae. Nevertheless, morphologically it appears to be more similar to Ampharetidae and is only distinguished from this family at Diagnostic Level 2. Alvestad and Budaeva (2020) provide an interactive key to species of Norwegian seas. Gunton et al. (2023) provide a table with the main diagnostic characters of \i{}Melinna\i0{} species><Microchaetidae consists of at least three genera (\i{}Geogenia\i0{}, \i{}Microchaetus \i0{}and \i{}Proandricus\i0{}) and 81 species found only in southern Africa and Madagascar (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein). Despite the connotation, the family contains some of the largest earthworms including \i{}Microchaetus rappi\i0{}, the African giant earthworm. Another three genera, \i{}Tritogenia, Michalakus\i0{} and \i{}Kazimierzus\i0{} were reported in the family by Plisko (2012). The first two were moved to a new family, Tritogeniidae, by Plisko (2013), but \i{}Kazimierzus \i0{}was left in Microchaetidae. We have followed this suggestion - the 25 species of \i{}Kazimierzus \i0{}(currently Kazimierzidae), also restricted to South Africa (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023), are unable to be distinguished from Microchaetidae based on the present dataset. It should be noted that Nxele et al. (2016) were able to distinguish Kazimierzidae from Microchaetidae on characters associated with the circulatory and excretory systems and the form of the male gonoducts in relation to their corresponding septa, characters that were not included/scored here. Microchaetidae is not distinguishable from several families at DELTA Diagnostic Level 3. Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Microchaetidae taxa from native ones of South Africa\par{}><Microphthalmidae was revised by Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2019) to accommodate the unplaced interstitial genera \i{}Microphthalmus\i0{} and \i{}Hesionides\i0{} (removed from Hesionidae by Pleijel and Dahlgren 1998) and four other genera. Note that \i{}Microphthalmus\i0{} and \i{}Hesionides\i0{} were treated as an unnamed group and coded as such in POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). The family has a widespread distribution, although records are uneven (far more records in the Northern Hemisphere than the southern hemisphere) probably as a result of sampling bias (GBIF, accessed Dec 2011). Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2019) provides a key to genera and Westheide (2013) provides a key to \i{}Microphthalmus\i0{}><Moniligastridae is a widespread family especially well represented in the Oriental region. It includes 185 species in five genera (\i{}Desmogaster\i0{}, \i{}Drawida\i0{}, \i{}Eupolygaster\i0{}, \i{}Hastirogaster\i0{}, \i{}Moniligaster\i0{}) and three species, \i{}Drawida barwelli \i0{}(Beddard), \i{}Drawida japonica \i0{}(Michaelsen) and \i{}Drawida nepalensis \i0{}Michaelsen (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023). \i{}Drawida barwelli \i0{}has been reported as introduced to Australia (Blakemore (1999). James (2000) provides a key to species of the Samoan Archipelago. Gates and Reynolds (2017) provide a key to North American members of the family><Myzostomida are treated here as an order within Polychaeta following Rouse et al. (2022). Their position as part of Annelida still appears to be uncertain despite Weigert et al. (2014) finding them to be firmly placed within Annelida as sister group to Errantia based on phylogenomic data. Current distribution records suggest the family is globally distributed (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Parapar et al. (2019) provide a key to the myzostomes of Spain><Naididae sensu lato represents a massive, morphologically-disparate group of taxa that includes nine subfamilies some that are separately coded in this dataset (viz., Naidinae, Opistocystinae, Pristininae and Tubificinae) and some that were not coded here because of the apparent lack of defining morphological features, including Limnodriloidinae (12 genera), Phallodrilinae (35 genera), Rhyacodrilinae (20 genera), Rhyacodriloidinae (1 genus) and Telmatodrilinae (4 genera). However, given that we found that the family is not diagnosable (DELTA Diagnostic Level 0), as it is not separable from Dorydrilidae and Phreodrilidae, future efforts to define subfamilies using a more detailed genital anatomy character set may be fruitful. The reader is referred to the full description to verify identification. Naididae sensu lato\i{} \i0{}and Phreodrilidae together comprise the order Tubificida Jamieson, 1978 (Schmelz et al. 2021). Phallodrilinae includes some species-rich genera such as \i{}Phallodrilus\i0{} Pierantoni, 1902 (99 species and subspecies) and aberrant forms, such as the chemoheterotrophs \i{}Olavius\i0{} and \i{}Inanidrilus\i0{} which lack a gut and instead rely on bacterial symbionts for food. Rhyacodrilinae includes the species-rich genus \i{}Rhyacodrilus\i0{} Bretscher, 1901 (77 species), known from subterranean and epigean waters (Martin et al. 2008; T. Timm, pers. comm.), and the cosmopolitan species \i{}Branchiura sowerbyi \i0{}Beddard, 1892><Naidinae is a large subfamily comprising 24 genera and over 600 species and subspecies (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024). The largely epibenthic fresh- and brackish-water Naidinae can be differentiated ecologically from sediment-dwelling Naididae such as Tubificinae (Timm 2009). Morphologically, they differ from other Naididae subfamilies by more anterior position of the genital system (clitellum on IV-VIII), with male pores usually in V or VI, and spermathecae and spermathecal pores paired in testicular segment IV or VI. Naidinae have been recorded from all continents (Martin et al. 2008). Some species are commensal, for example, the Australian endemic \i{}Dero (Allodero) litoria\i0{}, which inhabits the ureters of the Green Tree Frog (\i{}Litoria caerule\i0{}a) and possibly other frogs (Pinder and Brinkhurst 1998; Pinder et al. 1998). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. Pinder (in press) provides a key to Australian species. Worsfold (2003) provides and introduction and key to oligochaetes, including Naidinae, of the NE Atlantic><Opistocystinae is recognised at the subfamily level following Ers\u233?us et al. (2010, 2017). Opistocystinae contains three genera, \i{}Opistocysta \i0{}\u200?ernosvitov, 1936, \i{}Trieminentia\i0{} Harman & Loden, 1978 and \i{}Crustipellis \i0{}Harman & Loden, 1978\i{} \i0{}(WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and is largely Neotropical in distribution.\i{} \i0{}The subfamily is known from the Americas and there is a single record from Africa, which may have been introduced (Harman 1969; Ers\u233?us 2010). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time><Pristininae is recognised at the subfamily level following Ers\u233?us et al. (2010, 2017). In contrast, Timm (2009) treats the taxon at the family level. Morphologically, they differ from other Naididae subfamilies by lacking eyes and pygidial gills, and having testes and spermathecae in VII and male pore in VIII. Pristininae has two genera (\i{}Pristina\i0{} Ehrenberg, 1828 and \i{}Pristinella \i0{}Brinkhurst, 1985) and over 100 species (Martin et al. 2023) and is globally distributed in freshwater. Pinder (2025) provides a key to Australian species, although the families true diversity is poorly known><Tubificinae is a large subfamily comprising 37 genera and over 850 species and subspecies (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024), and is the most species-rich marine oligochaete group. Ers\u233?us et al. (2000) established its status as a subfamily of Naididae. The subfamily includes the common bioturbator annelids \i{}Limnodrilus\i0{} Clapar\u232?de, 1862. Tubificinae also includes \i{}Tubifex tubifex \i0{}(M\u252?ller, 1774), one of the most commonly studied freshwater oligochaetes. Tubificinae have been recorded from all continents in freshwater, brackish and marine habitats; they dominate in Holarctic freshwaters (Martin et al. 2008). Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) provide keys to genera and species at the time. Brinkhurst (1982) provides a key to marine and estuarine European species. Pinder (2025) provides a key to Australian species, while acknowledging its true diversity is unknown. Worsfold (2003) provides an introduction and key to oligochaetes, including Tubificinae, of the NE Atlantic><Narapidae is a monotypic family occurring only in South America (WoRMS 2023). Its only species is poorly known, yet it is still diagnosable at Level 2; beyond that it is not separable from Lumbriculidae><Nephtyidae includes four genera and about 130 species and subspecies and is globally distributed. Ravara et al. (2010) performed the first phylogenetic study of the family and include a key to genera. The most recent phylogenetic study including Nephtyidae found them to be the sistergroup of Pilargidae (Tilic et al. 2022), which may explain the presence of bifid palps in \i{}Bipalponephtys \i0{}Ravara, Wiklund, Cunha & Pleijel, 2010, a feature only known outside Nephtyidae in some members of Pilargidae. Gil (2011), Ku\u186? et al. (2021) and Dnestrovskaya (2020) provide keys to European taxa><Nereididae contain 45 genera and 719 species (Wilson et al. 2023) and is globally distributed. An additional deep-sea genus was recently added by Villalobos-Guerrero et al. (2024). Three or four subfamilies are recognised, but not all are monophyletic, so they are not coded in this datset. Gil (2011) and Vi\u233?itez et al. (2004) provide keys to European taxa, Hsueh (2019) provides a key to \i{}Neanthes\i0{} Kinberg, 1865 species of Taiwan, while Wilson et al. (2023) provide both dichotomous and interactive keys to all genera, as well as additional references to species-level keys><Nerillidae contain 15 genera and about 50 species/subspecies. The family is widely distributed, although apparently under-sampled in the southern hemisphere (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Worsaae (2005, 2020) provided a morphological phylogenetic analysis of the family, and a key/diagnoses to its genera; Worsaae et al. (2020) showed that phylogenomic evidence supported the position of Nerillidae within the subclass Errantia, although WoRMS (accessed Aug 2024) takes a more conservative position of placing it as uncertain within Polychaeta. Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa><Ocnerodrilidae is similar to Megascolecidae, Criodrilidae and Eudrilidae and only distinguishable from these taxa at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Ocnerodrilidae is a widespread family comprising 37 genera and 172 species. Several peregrine species have a worldwide distribution (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023), including four species introduced to Australia (Blakemore 1999). Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Ocnerodrilidae taxa from native ones of South Africa. Fragoso and Rojas (2009) provide a key to the genera of Ocnerodrilidae. Gates and Reynolds (2017) provide a key to North American members of the family><Oenonidae comprise 15 valid genera and about 94 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and has a global distribution. The family is present worldwide but appears to be less species rich in the Antarctic and oceanic regions (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023); they are never abundant. Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2019) provide keys to European taxa. Zanol and Ruta (2015) provide a key to taxa from the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Rizzo et al. (2020) provide a key to world \i{}Labrorostratus \i0{}Saint-Joseph, 1888 species><Onuphidae comprises two subfamilies, Hyalinoeciinae and Onuphinae (Paxton 1986; Budaeva et al. 2016), with 5/17 genera, respectively, and about 330 species in all (WoRMS, accessed June 2024); the family is globally distributed. Paxton (1986) provides a key to world genera; Paxton (1996) provides a key to Australian \i{}Hirsutonuphis \i0{}Paxton, 1986; Paxton and Budaeva (2013) provide a key to world \i{}Paradiopatra\i0{} Ehlers, 1887 species. Paxton (2017) provides a table and key to distinguish species of \i{}Aponuphis; \i0{}and\i{} \i0{}Budaeva and Fauchald (2008) provide a key to Caribbean onuphids><Opheliidae comprises eight genera and about 170 species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024), and is present worldwide (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). \i{}Travisia\i0{} Johnston, 1840\b{} \b0{}was part of Opheliidae for many years until Blake (2000) showed that the genus should be part of Scalibregmatidae on the basis of morphological similarities, which was later confirmed by molecular systematic studies. Nevertheless, the present dataset highlights the similarities between these groups as Opheliidae is only distinguished from Scalibegmatidae at Diagnostic Level 2. Gil (2011) and Parapar (2012) provide keys to European taxa. Parapar et al. (2023) provide a key for species of \i{}Ophelina \i0{}\u214?rsted, 1843 in the Indo-Pacific, including southern Asia, Indo-Malay Archipelago and Australia. Magalh\u227?es et al. (2019) and Parapar et al. (2021) tabulate key morphological characters of species and provide a key to \i{}Polyophthalmus\i0{} Quatrefages, 1850 from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, respectively><Orbiniidae cromprise 20 genera and about 180 species/subspecies and is present worldwide (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2012) provide keys to European taxa Orbiniidae, and also to Questidae, which are now considered a part of Orbiniidae. Note that Questidae were treated as a family in POLIKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). Sun et al. (2018) provide a key to all known species of \i{}Leodamas \i0{}Kinberg, 1866. N\u250?\u241?ez and Mart\u237?nez (2023) provide a key to \i{}Questa\i0{} of the world. \i{}Proscoloplos cygnochaetus\i0{} Day, 1954 appears to be one of few genuine cosmopolitan species based on a morphological and molecular systematic study (Meyer et al. 2008), and currently the only accepted species in the genus (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2025)><Orobdellidae belongs to the jawed Hirudiniformes (Arhynchobdella) and is one of the most recently described families of leeches. Established for the genus \i{}Orobdella\i0{} by Nakano et al. (2012), it contains about 20 species from East Asia (Nakano 2016b; Nakano and Prozorova 2019) and remains restricted to the eastern Palaearctic><Oweniidae comprises five genera and about 50 species (WoRMS - check), and is present worldwide (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa, in which four of the five genera are included, while Parapar (2006) provides a key to boreal Atlantic species. Nilsen and Holthe (2011) provide a key to the Arctic and Scandinavian oweniid species. Capa et al. (2012) emended the family diagnosis and provide keys to world genera and Australian species. Parapar and Moreira (2015) provide a key to \i{}Owenia\i0{} Delle Chiaje, 1844 species in South-East Asia and Australasian regions. Cantone and Di Pietro (1998) provide a key to Antarctic Oweniidae based on non-hook characters><Ozobranchidae is a family of jawless leeches (Rhynchobdellida) parasitic on marine and freshwater turtles and crocodilians. The family contains two genera, \i{}Ozobranchus\i0{} Quatrefages, 1852 (5 species) and \i{}Bogobdella \i0{}Richardson, 1969\i{} \i0{}(1 species) (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Three marine species are known: \i{}Ozobranchus branchiatus \i0{}(Menzies, 1791), \i{}O. margoi \i0{}(Ap\u225?thy, 1890) and \i{}O. polybranchus \i0{}Sanjeeva Raj, 1951. Sawyer et al. (1975) provide a key to the marine leeches of the eastern US and Gulf of Mexico, which includes two species of Ozobranchidae. Christoffersen (2008) provides a checklist of species from South America. Burreson (2020) provides a key to species of Australia and New Zealand><Paralacydoniidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Paralacydonia \i0{}Fauvel, 1913,\i{} \i0{}and three species (WoRMS accessed Dec 2024). The family is poorly known taxonomically and its relationship within Phyllodocida is uncertain. Vi\u233?itez et al. (2004) provide a key to European species of \i{}Paralacydonia\i0{}><Paraonidae comprises at least seven genera (controversial ones not included) and about 180 species but taxonomic diversity is likely to be much higher given the existence of four subgenera and widely distributed species that are likely to encompass cryptic species; the genus \i{}Aricidea\i0{} Webster, 1879 sensu lato alone comprises about 100 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). The group is particularly well represented in the deep sea. Strelzov (1979, originally published in Russian in 1973) remains the best guide to the taxonomy and morphology of the family. Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2012) provide keys to European taxa, Hartley (1981) provides a key to British species, and \u199?inar et al. (2011) provide a key to all \i{}Levinsenia\i0{} Mesnil, 1897 species of the time><Parergodrilidae comprises two genera and 12 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2012), including the marine \i{}Stygocapitella subterranean \i0{}Kn\u246?llner, 1934, which until recently was thought to be the only species in the genus and to have a cosmopolitan distribution (Struck et al. 2017; Cerca et al 2020). \i{}Stygocapitella \i0{}Kn\u246?llner, 1934 now comprises 11 species and appears to have a global distribution (GBIF accessed Dec 2023). The monotypic terrestrial \i{}Parergodrilus\i0{} Reisinger, 1925 has only been recorded from the Northern Hemisphere (mostly Europe). Its only species exhibits extreme size sexual dimorphism (males smaller) and the males also carry copulatory chaetae in the posterior end><Parvidrilidae comprises a single genus and eight species described from groundwater of North America and Europe (WoRMS, accessed 2023). Parvidrilidae (parvus = small) include some of the smallest known oligochaetes and as such, features that are normally useful for recognising oligochaete families and discerning species - such as the location of spermathecal and male pores - is extremely difficult to determine; even identifying them as \lquote{}spermathecal\rquote{} and \lquote{}male\rquote{} pores remains speculative. For this family, the combination of tiny size and the presence of hair chaetae in the ventral (as well as the more usual dorsal) position on segments, with both dorsal and ventral chaetae beginning on segment III is an identifying criterion for the family><Pectinariidae comprises five genera and about 70 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), although in the past only one (or two) genera were accepted, with \i{}Pectinaria\i0{} Lamarck, 1818 comprising subgenera. The family has a global distribution. Hutchings and Peart (2002) provide a key to Australian genera and species, which was updated by Zhang and Hutchings (2019). Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa, which includes all five genera, and Parapar et al. (2020) provides a key to NE Atlantic taxa. Jirkov and Leontovich (2013) provide a key to Terebellomorpha, including Pectinariidae, from the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar seas><Using our dataset, Phreodrilidae is not diagnosable (DELTA Diagnostic Level 0) from Naididae. The reader is referred to the full description to verify identification. This is somewhat at odds with the opinion of Brinkhurst and Jamieson (1971) who consider Phreodrilidae separable from Naididae, Opistocystinae by the presence of three caudal processes (Opitocystinae) vs none (Phreodrilidae) and more than two crotchet chaetae per bundle ventrally (Opistocystinae) vs two crotchet chaetae per bundle (Phreodrilidae), and the dorsal bundle with hair chaetae only (Opistocystinae) vs hair chaetae and needles (Phreodrilidae). However, Ers\u233?us et al. (2010) later found that Opistocystinae were variable in the dorsal bundle and usually have both hairs and needles. Considering this and the present findings, we suggest that the family is in need of future phylogenetic revision. Phreodilidae comprise seven genera and 54 species (WoRMS, accessed Jan 2024) and mostly occur in the southern hemisphere (Australia, New Zealand, Africa, South America, Sri Lanka and Southern Ocean islands); they are rarely found suspected to be introduced to Europe and Japan (Timm 2009, Pinder 2013). Australia has the highest diversity with all seven genera present and 32 named species, although the actual species diversity is likely to be at least double that (Pinder 2013). Pinder (2025) provides a key to Australian species. Three species have been reported from marine/estuarine environments (Pinder and Ers\u233?us 2000)><Phyllodocidae has a wide range of forms among Phyllodocida; hence we have provided separate coding for the benthic Phyllodocidae sensu lato and the holopelagic tribe Alciopini, which follows the classification used in WoRMS (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). Note that the holopelagic Iospilidae, which is considered a junior synonym of Phyllodocidae by Rouse et al. (2022), is maintained as a valid family in this dataset, following WoRMS. Phyllodocidae (excluding Alciopini) includes 20 genera and over 500 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and its globally distributed. Pleijel and Dales (1991), Vi\u233?itez et al. (2004) and Gil (2011) provide keys to European taxa, which includes most of the genera including the European alciopines. Oliveira et al. (2021) provide a key to species of Phyllodoce occurring in Brazil. Salazar-Vallejo (2022) provides keys to world species of \i{}Anaitides \i0{}Czerniavsky, 1882 (now accepted as \i{}Phyllodoce\i0{} Lamarck, 1818), \i{}Nereiphylla\i0{} Blainville, 1828 and \i{}Pterocirrus \i0{}Clapar\u232?de, 1868><Alciopini was treated as a family (Alciopidae) in POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003). It has been downgraded to tribe based on Rouse et al. (2022) and Halanych et al. (2021), as presented in WoRMS. Alciopini is a holopelagic group nested within the benthic Phyllodocidae-Eteoninae; this placement is supported by both morphological and molecular data (Rouse et al. 2022, and references therein). The tribe includes 11 genera and 47 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and has a global distribution, although records at high latitudes are rare (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Dales (1957) provides keys to genera and species of Alciopini of the Pacific Ocean; Gil (2011) includes the European alciopines in his key to Phyllocidae. Jim\u233?nez-Cueto and Su\u225?rez-Morales (2008) provide a key to species of \i{}Alciopina \i0{}Clapar\u232?de & Panceri, 1867, \i{}Torrea\i0{} Quatrefages, 1850 and \i{}Rhynchonereella\i0{} Costa, 1864 from the Caribbean. O'Sullivan (1982) provides a key to Southern Ocean taxa><Pilargidae was suspected of including Antonbruunidae for many years on the basis of shared key morphological features (Salazar-Vallejo 1986; Glasby 1993). Molecular data have confirmed this placement (Mackie et al. 2015; Hu\u232? et al. 2024). The family includes two subfamilies, Pilarginae (\i{}Ancistrosyllis \i0{}McIntosh, 1878\i{}, Cabira \i0{}Webster, 1879\i{}, Pilargis \i0{}Saint-Joseph, 1899\i{}, Sigambra \i0{}M\u252?ller, 1858) and Synelminae (\i{}Antonbruunia \i0{}Hartman & Boss, 1966\i{}, Glyphohesione \i0{}Friedrich, 1950\i{}, Litocorsa \i0{}Pearson, 1970\i{}, Otopsis, Pseudexogone \i0{}Augener, 1922\i{}, Synelmis \i0{}Chamberlin, 1919), and about 120 species (WoRMS accessed June 2024), and has a global distribution. Vi\u233?itez et al. (2004) and Gil (2011) provide keys to European taxa, Salazar\u8208?Vallejo and Harris (2006) provide a key to world \i{}Pilargis\i0{} species, Salazar-Vallejo et al. (2019) provide keys to species of \i{}Sigambra\i0{}, and Plathong et al. (2021) provide world keys to \i{}Cabira\i0{} and \i{}Ancistrosyllis\i0{}><Piscicolidae is a large family of jawless leeches (Rhynchobdellida). While the family has a worldwide distribution, comprising about 75 genera (WoRMS, accessed 2023), freshwater taxa are mostly limited to the Palearctic and Nearctic (Sket and Trontelj 2008), and marine members have a global distribution. Sawyer et al. (1975) provide a key to the marine leeches of the eastern US and Gulf of Mexico, which include mostly Piscicolidae species. Christoffersen (2008) provides a checklist of species from South America. Burreson (2020) provides a key to marine and estuarine species of Australia and New Zealand><Poecilochaetidae is maintained here as a family level taxon following POLiKEY and WoRMS and contra Rouse et al (2022) who consider them as part of Spionidae. Their position within Spionidae is supported by both morphological (including reproductive and larval characters) and molecular evidence (Rouse et al. 2022 and references therein). Morphological studies not supporting an expanded concept of Spionidae seem to have been unduly influenced by using outgroups that are not sufficiently distant from the ingroup (Rouse et al. 2022). The family includes a single genus and 33 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and has a global distribution. Mackie (1990) provides a key to groups of species of Hong Kong, while Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa><Polygordiidae is represented by a single currently accepted genus, \i{}Polygordius \i0{}Schneider, 1868\i{}, \i0{}and 21 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Polygordidae are slender, nematode-like interstitial polychaetes. The family is only distinguishable from Protodriloididae at DELTA Level 2. Polygordiidae has a global distribution on coasts having coarse, sandy sediments. Gil (2011) and Parapar (2019) provide keys to European species of \i{}Polygordius\i0{}><Polynoidae is one of the most taxon-rich families of Polychaeta, with an estimated 165 genera and about 900 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and has a global distribution. In the present dataset it is only distinguishable from Iphionidae at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Polynoidae is divided into 21 subfamilies (Wehe 2006), but no attempt has been made to code them here as revisionary work is currently underway (A. Murray pers. comm.), and concepts are likely to change. Barnich and Fiege (2003) provide keys to Mediterranean taxa, and Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2015) provide keys to European subfamilies, genera and species. Barnich et al. (2004) provide a key to Polynoidae of the South China Sea. Barnich (2011) provides a key to scale worms, including Polynoidae, of British and Irish waters, while Barnich et al. (2019) emended the definition of \i{}Malmgrenia\i0{} McIntosh, 1874 and provide an updated key it its species from Mediterranean and the North Atlantic and Hanley and Burke (1991) provide keys to the polynoids of Coral Sea, NE Australia. Bonif\u225?cio and Menot (2019) provide a taxonomic key for genera of the subfamily Macellicephalinae><Pontodoridae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Pontodora \i0{}Greeff, 1879, and\i{} \i0{}a single species, \i{}P. pelagica \i0{}Greeff, 1879, a holopelagic species distributed around the world. The family is currently considered incertae sedis within Phyllodocida (Rouse et al. 2022)><Praobdellidae is a widespread family belonging to the jawed Hirudiniformes which includes both blood-feeding and invertebrate predatory leeches. Although diagnosable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1, it is not separable from Hirudinidae and Cyclobdellidae at Level 2. The family was originally thought to contain specialised mucous-membrane feeders of mammals including those of humans, until Nakano et al. (2017) expanded the host list to include invertebrates after finding a species feeding on a Japanese freshwater crab. Phillips et al. (2010) expanded the taxonomic content of the family to include \i{}Tyrannobdella \i0{}Phillips et al., 2010\i{}, Dinobdella \i0{}Moore, 1927\i{}, Myxobdella \i0{}Oka, 1917\i{}, Praobdella \i0{}Blanchard, 1896\i{} \i0{}and\i{} Pintobdella \i0{}Caballero, 1937 (along with \i{}Limnobdella \i0{}Blanchard, 1893 and\i{} Limnatis \i0{}Moquin-Tandon, 1827\i{})\i0{}><Propappidae, a monogeneric family thought to be restricted to the Palaearctic region, is now known from North America where it is considered a probable introduction (Martin et al. 2008). The family is similar to Enchytraeidae and only distinguishable from them at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1><Protodrilidae together with Protodriloididae and Saccocirrdae are small interstitial polychaetes constituting Protodrilida (Rouse et al. 2022; Table 1). . The family is only distinguishable from Protodriloididae at DELTA Level 2. Protodrilidae includes six genera and about 40 species (WoRMS accessed June 2004). It has a global distribution in marine coastal sands at low to mid latitudes; it appears to be uncommon at high southern latitudes (GBIF accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2019) provide keys to European \i{}Protodrilus \i0{}Hatschek, 1881><Protodriloididae are small interstitial polychaetes which, together with the more diverse Protodrilidae, and Saccocirridae, form a well-supported group, Protodrilida (Rouse et al. 2022; Table 1). The family is only distinguishable from Polygordiidae and Protodrilidae at DELTA Level 2. Protodriloididae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Protodriloides \i0{}Jouin, 1966, and two species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). GBIF records are widespread but very patchy with some continents having one or no records (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2019) provide keys to European \i{}Protodriloides\i0{}><Psammodrilidae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Psammodrilus \i0{}Swedmark, 1952\i{}, \i0{}and eight species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). GBIF records are widespread but very patchy with some continents having one or no records (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Three of its eight species are included in a key to European \i{}Psammodrilus \i0{}by\i{} \i0{}Gil (2011)><Randiellidae contains a single genus, \i{}Randiella \i0{}Ers\u233?us & Strehlow, 1986, and four species, all of which are marine (Ers\u233?us and Strehlow 1986) and found on the continental shelf of the Nearctic and in shallow waters of the Pacific. The discovery of a \i{}Randiella\i0{} species in New Caledonia (Ers\u233?us 1997) gives the family a disjunct distribution, and suggests the group is more widespread than current records indicate><Rhinodrilidae includes 38 genera and about 376 species, which have a Nearctic and Neotropical distribution; one species, \i{}Pontoscolex corethrurus \i0{}(M\u252?ller), is probably the most widely distributed earthworm in the world (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein), having been introduced widely including to Australia (Blakemore 1999), and has been extensively used as a biological model in soil science><Sabellariidae comprise 12 genera and about 140 species, and has a global distribution (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Kirtley (1994) provides well-illustrated keys for the family, Capa et al. (2012) provide keys to genera, and Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa. Zhang et al. (2020) provide a key to all Australian species of sabellariids and Ch\u225?vez-L\u243?pez (2022) provides a key to all Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico species. The family has been recorded from all oceans; although most sabellariids live in intertidal or shallow habitats, some are restricted to the continental shelf or deep sea (Kirtley 1994; Capa et al. 2012)><Sabellidae included three subfamilies - Fabriciinae, Myxicolinae and Sabellinae - until relatively recently (as coded in POLiKEY; Glasby and Fauchald 2003). The family was later restricted to the latter two families by Kupriyanova and Rouse (2008) who showed that Fabriciinae were closer to Serpulidae than Sabellidae. Later, Tilic et al. (2020) using a large-scale phylogenomic dataset found that Fabriciidae were actually the sister group of Serpulidae + Sabellidae. Today, Sabellidae is represented by 42 genera and more than 400 species (Capa et al. 2019; WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and is distributed worldwide mostly in marine areas from the deep sea to the intertidal; the family has a relatively high proportion of freshwater species, with one genus (\i{}Caobangia \i0{}Giard, 1893\i{}) \i0{}having colonised and radiated in fresh water\i{} \i0{}in\i{} \i0{}SE Asia. Tovar-Hern\u225?ndez and Salazar-Vallejo (2006) provide a taxonomic key for the sabellid species occurring in the Grand Caribbean, Giangrande et al. (2015) and Cepeda et al. (2022) provide keys and species diagnoses for Mediterranean and Atlantic species. Capa and Murray (2009) provide a key to Australian species of \i{}Megalomma\i0{} Johansson, 1926 (now accepted as \i{}Acromegalomma\i0{} Gil & Nishi, 2017) and Capa and Murray (2015) provide a key to species of \i{}Parasabella\i0{} Bush, 1905 and \i{}Sabellomma\i0{} Nogueira, Fitzhugh & Rossi, 2010 from Australia. Sabellidae in Australia are represented by a relatively high proportion of non-native species (14 species), including the infamous spirograph worm (\i{}Sabella spallanzanii \i0{}(Gmelin, 1791)), which can be identified using the online key of Kupriyanova et al. (2013); along with species of Serpulidae they are one of the most reported invasive polychaete families (Capa et al. 2021)><Saccocirridae are small interstitial polychaetes belonging to Protodrilida, together with Protodrilidae and Protodriloididae (Rouse et al. 2022) . The family is represented by two genera and 23 species (Di Domenico et al. 2021) and has a global distribution in marine coastal sands at low to mid latitudes, but appears to be uncommon at high latitudes (GBIF accessed Dec 2023). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2019) provide keys to European \i{}Saccocirrus \i0{}Bobretzky, 1872><Salfidae belongs to the jawed Hirudiniformes (Arhynchobdella) and contains several genera mainly found in Africa, India, Australia and islands in the South Pacific (Oceguera-Figueroa et al. 2011). Nakano (2011) added the genus \i{}Mimobdella\i0{} Blanchard, 1897 under Salifidae on the basis of morphological and molecular analyses yielding seven current genera (Nakano and Nguyen 2015). The family is part of the jawless Arhynchobdella together with Erpobdellidae and Americobdellidae. The Asian freshwater salfid leech, \i{}Barbronia weberi \i0{}Blanchard, 1897,\i{} \i0{}has been introduced to Europe and the Americas (GBIF, https://www.gbif.org/species/2307447)><Scalibregmatinae comprise 15 genera and 86 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and has a global distribution. The family Scalibregmatidae is particularly common in shallow marine waters of northern Europe and the Antarctic Ocean (Parapar et al. 2021). Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa including the majority of genera; it also includes \i{}Travisia \i0{}Johnston, 1840, which until recently was considered a separate family (Travisiidae) but is now considered to belong to Scalibregmatidae, but distinct from Scalibregmatinae (see next entry). Mendes et al. (2024) provide a key to \i{}Pseudoscalibregma\i0{} Ashworth, 1901 species><\i{}Travisia\i0{} comprise 43 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024) and has a worldwide distribution, although it appears to be better represented in moderate and high latitudes, than low latitudes (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Once considered to belong to Opheliidae, recent reviews (Blake and Maciolek 2019, Parapar et al. 2021) have treated it as a monotypic family, Travisiidae. However, we follow Rouse et al. (2022) in placing the genus within Scalibregmatidae which is based on both morphological and molecular evidence (see references within Rouse et al. 2022). \i{}Travisia\i0{} is only distinguishable from Opheliidae at DELTA Level 2. Gil (2011) provides a brief taxonomic history of \i{}Travisia\i0{} and includes it in his key to European Scalibregmatidae. Avery et al. (2023) provides a key to all species of \i{}Travisia\i0{}><Semiscolecidae with type genus, \i{}Semiscolex\i0{} Kinberg, 1866 is a poorly-known family (Siddall et al. 2006) belonging to the jawed Hirudiniformes (Arhyncobdellida) which includes both blood-feeding and invertebrate predatory leeches. Using our datset, Tthe family is not diagnosable (DELTA Diagnostic Level 0) being inseparable from Hirudinidae; we suggest that the family is in need of future phylogenetic revision. For taxon confirmation the user is referred to the full description. Recently, the concept of Semiscolecidae was expanded to include \i{}Semiscolex\i0{}, \i{}Macrobdella\i0{}, \i{}Limnatis\i0{}, \i{}Limnobdella\i0{} etc., a group which spans the Neotropics and Nearctic (Borda and Siddall 2004; Phillips and Siddall 2009). Phillips et al. (2010), using combined 18S rDNA, 28s rDNA, 12s rDNA, and COI datasets, recognised two smaller monophyletic groups (the North American medicinal leeches, Macrobdellidae and Praobdellidae) within the expanded Semiscolecidae; they formally expanded Praobdellidae to include \i{}Tyrannobdella, Dinobdella, Myxobdella, Praobdella \i0{}and\i{} Pintobdella\i0{}. This left Semiscolecidae comprising only the non-bloodfeeding South American taxa (\i{}Semiscolex\i0{} and \i{}Patagoniobdella\i0{}) [the same genera that Ringuelet (1972b) had included in his emended Semiscolecidae] and Macrobdellinae Richardson, 1969 (Hirudinidae) to encompass the blood-feeding genera \i{}Macrobdella, Philobdella \i0{}Verrill, 1874 and\i{} Oxyptychus \i0{}Grube, 1850><Sepulidae is a diverse group of worms that live in calcareous tubes, comprising three subfamilies (Filograninae, Serpulinae and Spirorbinae) and about 70 genera and over 500 species (Kupriyanova et al. 2019), and has a global distribution. Ten Hove and Kupriyanova (2009) provide a key to genera, Gil (2011) and Cepeda et al. (2022) provide a keys to European taxa, Sun et al. (2012) provide a key to Serpulidae from Hong Kong, Rzhavsky et al. (2014) provide a detailed guide and key to 37 Arctic taxa, Kupriyanova et al. (2015) provide a key to serpulid species from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and Pazoki et al. (2023) provide a key to serpulids of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Kupriyanova et al. (2023) identified chaetal characters (presence/absence of thoracic 'Apomatus chaetae'='sickle-shaped chaetae' and the structure of abdominal chaetae that define the subfamilies, but at this stage these features were not coded at the subfamily level. Serpulidae in Australia are represented by a relatively high proportion of non-native species (38 species), which can be identified using the online key of Kupriyanova et al. (2013); along with species of Sabellidae they are one of the most reported invasive polychaete families (Capa et al. 2021)><Siboglinidae is a globally widespread family whose members display a wide range of morphological variation; we have coded the following clades within the family to reduce polymorphism in the dataset: Frenulata, Vestimentifera, \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{} Southward, 1961\b{} \b0{}and \i{}Osedax \i0{}Rouse, Goffredi & Vrijenhoek, 2004. Originally, two separate phyla (Pogonophora and Vestimentifera), they were placed in the polychaetes by Rouse and Fauchald (1997), and the name Siboglinidae was used to refer to both. Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa, which includes members of Frenulata, \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{} and \i{}Osedax\i0{}><Frenulata is a clade of Siboglinidae containing members of the former phylum Pogonophora (Rouse et al. 2022). They are widely distributed in all oceans and seas. The group currently has no accepted Linnean rank name and its former families - Oligobrachiidae, Lamellisabellidae, Polybrachiidae and Spirobrachiidae - are now all collectively accepted as Siboglinidae (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Southward (1999) provides a key to former pogonophoran families (and \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{}) from Australia><\i{}Osedax\i0{} is the sister group of Monilifera within Siboglinidae (Rouse et al. 2004; Li et al. 2015, 2017); although all Siboglinidae harbour symbiotic bacteria in their bodies, \i{}Osedax\i0{} is readily distinguishable not only morphologically, but by habitat/behaviour (consumes the organic component of bones of sunken marine carcasses), and therefore the genus is scored separately within this dataset. We have based the description on females, as the males are generally progenetic larval dwarfs (Rouse et al. 2022). The genus is represented by more than 30 species and is globally distributed in all oceans and seas. A key to species is conspicuously lacking><The genus \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{} and sister-group Vestimentifera belong to the clade Monilifera (Rouse 2001). Rather than code Monilifera, we have coded both \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{} and Vestimentifera separately in this study as they are morphologically and ecologically distinguishable. They inhabit long thin, ringed, tubes which are often two or three times longer than worm. \i{}Sclerolinum, \i0{}contains eight species and is possibly globally distributed in all oceans and seas, but current records are patchy (GBI, accessed Dec 2023). Xu et al (2022) provide a key to species><Vestimentifera is a clade of Siboglinidae containing members of the former phylum Vestimentifera (Rouse et al. 2022). It currently has no Linnean rank within Siboglinidae and its former families - Alaysiidae, Arcovestiidae, Escarpiidae, Lamellibrachiidae, Ridgeiidae and Tevniidae - are now all collectively accepted as Siboglinidae (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Together with the genus \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{} it belongs to the clade Monilifera (Rouse 2001). Rather than code Monilifera, we have coded both \i{}Sclerolinum\i0{} and Vestimentifera separately in this study as they are both morphologically and ecologically distinguished. Vestimentifera is represented by 18 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). A key to species is conspicuously lacking><Sigalionidae is a widely distributed scale worm family with a wide diversity of forms; as such we provide subfamily coding to reduce polymorphism in the dataset. We follow the revised classification of Sigalionidae as proposed by Gonzalez et al. (2018) and followed by Rouse et al. (2022), viz. Pelogeniinae, Pisioninae, Pholoinae, Sthenelanellinae and the currently polyphyletic Sigalioninae. Note that Pisioninae has been previously regarded as a family, including in POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2023). Barnich and Fiege (2003) provide keys to Mediterranean species, Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2015) provide keys to European sigalionid taxa, which excludes Pisioninae and Pholoinae (each provided separately). Barnich (2011) provides a key to scale worms, including Sigalionidae, of British and Irish waters><Pelogeniinae includes eight genera and about 41 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and have a widespread distribution at low and mid latitudes (GBIF accessed Dec 2023). The subfamily is similar to Pelogeniinae, Sigalioninae and Sthenelanellinae and only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. See Remarks under Sigalionidae sensu lato for references having keys><Pholoinae includes five genera and about 30 species and subspecies (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024), and have a widespread global distribution. Pettibone (1992) revised the group and provided a world key. See Remarks under Sigalionidae sensu lato for further references having keys. The subfamily was established after Pholoidae as a family was demoted by Wiklund et al. (2005) who found molecular evidence that \i{}Pholoe\i0{} Johnston, 1839 (and \i{}Pisione \i0{}Grube, 1857) both fell within Sigalionidae, and suggested that both family names Pholoidae and Pisionidae should be treated as junior synonyms of Sigalionidae. Evidence for this conclusion has strengthened in recent years, so it is followed here. Pholoidae was included as a family in POLiKEY (Glasby and Fauchald 2003)><Pisioninae includes four genera and 51 species (WoRMS, accessed April 2024), and have a widespread global distribution. For the largest genus, \i{}Pisione\i0{} (46 species), Vi\u233?itez et al. (2004) and Gil (2011) provide keys to European species, separate from other Sigalionidae, and Salcedo et al. (2015) provide a key species of the East Pacific. The subfamily was established after Pisionidae as a family was demoted by Wiklund et al. (2005) who found molecular evidence that \i{}Pisione \i0{}(and \i{}Pholoe\i0{}) both fell within Sigalionidae, and suggested that both family names Pisionidae and Pholoidae should be treated as junior synonyms of Sigalionidae. Evidence for this conclusion has strengthened in recent years, so it is followed here. Pisionidae was included as families in the interactive family key of Glasby and Fauchald (2003; POLiKEY)><Sigalioninae, as listed in WoRMS includes 13 genera and 127 species (Worms, accessed Dec. 2024) but another 2 unplaced genera may be included in this catch-all, default subfamily (see Gonzalez et al. 2018). The subfamily is very similar to both Pelogeniinae and Sthenelanellinae, and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Barnich and Van Haaren (2021) provide a key to Atlantic and Mediterranean members of the subfamily. See Remarks under Sigalionidae sensu lato for further references having keys><Sthenelanellinae includes three genera and eight species (Worms, accessed Dec 2023). The subfamily is very similar to Pelogeniinae and Sigalioninae, and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. The subfamily has a widespread distribution at low and mid latitudes (GBIF accessed Dec 2023). See Remarks under Sigalionidae sensu lato for references having keys><The former phylum Sipuncula, treated here at the ordinal level (as per WoRMS; Rouse et al. 2022), comprises six families: Antillesomatidae, Aspidosiphonidae, Golfingidae, Phascolosomatidae, Sipunculidae and Siphonosomatidae (Schulze et al. 2019; Rouse et al. 2022), 18 genera and 164 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), although this is almost certainly an underestimate as many of the putatively cosmopolitan species are likely to be found to comprise species complexes. The phylogenetic placement of sipunculans has long been controversial (see Eibye-Jacobsen and Vinther (2012), Saiz Salinas (2018)), and it was not until molecular evidence became available that their position within Annelida has stabilized. Their position as part of Annelida was firmly established based on a phylogenetic analysis of transcriptomic data, which supported preceding molecular studies (Weigert et al. 2014 and references therein). Cutler (1994) provides a key to global taxa known at the time, and Pancucci-Papadopoulou et al. (1999) provide a key to Mediterranean sipunculans><Antillesomatidae comprise a single genus, \i{}Antillesoma\i0{} (Stephen & Edmonds, 1972) and two species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and appears to have a widespread distribution in warm, shallow waters at low and mid latitudes (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Antillesomatidae\b{} \b0{}is similar to other Sipuncula families, and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. See Remarks under Sipuncula sensu lato for references having keys><Aspidosiphonidae comprise three genera and 23 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and has a widespread global distribution. It is one of four sipunculan families well represented in deep waters (greater than 2000 m) (Saiz Salinas et al. 2016). Aspidosiphonidae\b{} \b0{}is\b{} \b0{}not disgnosable (DELTA Diagnostic Level 0) from Antillesomatidae and Phascolosomatidae using the present data set; see Supplementary File S1 for a full description of the family. See Remarks under Sipuncula sensu lato for references having keys><Golfingidae comprise seven genera and 78 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and has a widespread global distribution. It is one of four sipunculan families well represented in deep waters (greater than 2000 m) (Saiz Salinas et al. 2016). Golfingiidae\b{} \b0{}is similar to Antillesomatidae and Siphonosomatidae, and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. See Remarks under Sipuncula sensu lato for references having keys><Phascolosomatidae comprise three genera and 28 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and has a widespread global distribution. It is one of four sipunculan families well represented in deep waters (greater than 2000 m) (Saiz Salinas et al. 2016). Phascolosomatidae\b{} \b0{}is\b{} \b0{}not distinguishable (DELTA Level 0) from Antillesomatidae and Aspidosiphonidae using the present data set; see Supplementary File S1 for a full description of the family. See Remarks under Sipuncula sensu lato for references having keys><Siphonosomatidae comprise two genera and 16 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and appears to have a widespread distribution in warm shallow waters at low and mid latitudes (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Siphonosomatidae is similar to Antillesomatidae, Golfingiidae and Sipunculidae, and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. See Remarks under Sipuncula sensu lato for references having keys><Sipunculidae comprise two genera and 17 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and has a widespread global distribution. It is one of four sipunculan families well represented in deep waters (greater than 2000 m) (Saiz Salinas et al. 2016). Sipunculidae is similar to Antillesomatidae and Siphonosomatidae , and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. See Remarks under Sipuncula sensu lato for references having keys><Sparganophilidae has only one genus (\i{}Sparganophilus \i0{}Benham, 1892) and 12 species primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. Most species occur in the Nearctic, but the family also occurs in the Palearctic and Neotropical realms (Martin et al. 2008); at least one species is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein). It is one of the few megadrile families that include species that are aquatic or semi-aquatic (Martin et al. 2008). Molecular data (28S, 18S, 16S) strongly support a sister-group relationship between Sparganophilidae and the monogeneric Komarekionidae (only species, \i{}Komarekiona eatoni \i0{}Gates, 1974 from the eastern USA) (Jamieson et al. 2002; James and Davidson 2012) and on this basis we have included data of \i{}Komarekiona eatoni \i0{}together with Sparganophilidae. By contrast, morphology supports a closer relationship between \i{}Ailoscolex\i0{} Bouch\u233?, 1969 and \i{}Komarekiona\i0{} Gates, 1974 prompting Sims (1980) to synonymise Komarekionidae with Ailoscolecidae (now Hormagastridae). Gates and Reynolds (2017) provide a key to North American members of this family. Our data reveal that the family is similar to Tritogeniidae and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1><Sphaerodoridae includes 11 genera and 132 species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024), and has a global distribution. The family is similar to Syllidae and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Generic delimitation is based upon the number of longitudinal and transverse rows of dorsal macrotubercles (Capa et al. 2019). Fauchald (1974) provided a key to all species then known, while the family has been recently revised by Capa and colleagues (Capa et al. 2018, 2019). Gil (2011) and Parapar et al. (2012) provide keys to European taxa, and Capa et al. (2016) provide a key to species reported from the Northwestern Atlantic. Capa and Bakken (2015) provide a key to Australian species. Reuscher and Fiege (2011) provide a key to all \i{}Sphaerodoropsis\i0{} Hartman & Fauchald, 1971 species><Spintheridae is represented by a single genus, \i{}Spinther \i0{}Johnston, 1845\i{}, \i0{}and 11 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Family members are ectoparasites or commensals of sponges. \i{}Spinther\i0{} has a widespread, but patchy, distribution, with some continents lacking records altogether (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Parapar et al. (2012) provide a key to European taxa, and Yamamoto and Imajima (1985) provide a table with distinguishing morphological features of all species><Spionidae\i{} \i0{}sensu stricto is a species-rich family with 40 genera and about 500 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), with a global distribution. In line with POLiKEY (Glasby and Fauchald 2003) and WoRMS we present a narrow (sensu stricto) concept of the family which does not include Poecoilochaetidae, Trochochaetidae and Uncispionidae as has recently been recently suggested (Rouse et al. 2022). Although this sensu stricto concept may not be defined by synapomorphy, it is nevertheless distinguishable from the other three families at DELTA Diagnostic Level 2. Radashevsky (2012) provides a key to genera of UK waters, Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa, Radashevsky (2015) provides a key to the spionid genera reported from or likely to be found on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and Sikorski and Pavlova (2015) provide a key for \i{}Scolelepis\i0{} Blainville, 1828 from the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. Mei\u223?ner and Hutchings (2003) provide a key to \i{}Spiophanes\i0{} Grube, 1860 species of eastern Australia, Bick (2005) provides a key for all \i{}Marenzelleria\i0{} Mesnil, 1896 species and Radashevsky (2021) provides a key to \i{}Pseudopolydora\i0{} Czerniavsky, 1881 of Europe and adjacent waters. Spionidae in Australia are represented by a relatively high proportion of non-native species (14 species), which can be identified using the online key of Kupriyanova et al. (2013)><Sternaspidae contains four genera and about 50 species (Worms, accessed Dec 2023). The family is globally distributed but appears to be absent, or rare, in the deep sea (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Sendall and Salazar-Vallejo (2013) revised the genus \i{}Sternaspis\i0{} Otto, 1820 and provided keys and species descriptions. Gil (2011) and Salazar-Vallejo (2017) provide keys to differentiate genera and species from Europe and the Tropics, respectively. Plathong et al. (2021) provide a key for the identification of all species of \i{}Petersenaspis \i0{}Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo, 2013><Syllidae is one of the most taxon-rich families of Polychaeta, with 91 valid genera and over 1000 species. Five subfamilies are currently recognised: Anoplosyllinae, Autolytinae, Eusyllinae, Exogoninae and Syllinae (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). The family is similar to Sphaerodoridae and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. San Mart\u237?n (2003), Gil (2011) and San Mart\u237?n and Worsfold (2015) provide keys to European taxa. San Mart\u237?n and colleagues (2005, 2006, 2008) and Lattig et al. (2010) provide keys to genera and species of Australian Syllidae, and San Mart\u237?n et al. (2013) provide a key to all \i{}Branchiosyllis\i0{} Ehlers, 1887 species><Syngenodrilidae comprises a single genus and species from Africa (WoRMS 2023). Like their sister-group, Alluroididae, they share several reproductive features in common with earthworms (Crassiclitellata), but have a single-celled clitellum like other microdriles (Jamieson 2006, Timm 2012). They are tentatively treated as microdriles because of the form of the clitellum, but can be distinguished from most microdriles by their lack of hair chaetae><Terebellidae sensu lato is a large family comprising 65 genera and about 500 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024); it has a widespread distribution and shows a wide range of morphologies, which have been documented in Nogueira et al. (2010). The family is similar to Trichobranchidae and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. In order to reduce polymorphism in the dataset we have coded subfamilies (and in one case, tribe). The subfamilies (and tribe, Polycirrini) were treated as families in Nogueira et al. (2013) and this position was maintained in Hutchings et al. (2021a, b). Note that the terebelline tribes Lanicini, Procleini and Terebellini (sensu Stiller et al. (2020)) as invoked in WoRMS, are not coded because they cannot be distinguished based on the current dataset. Similarly, Telothelepodinae (or Telothelepodidae sensu Nogueira et al. (2013)) could not be uniquely coded based on the present dataset. Holthe (1986) provides a key to world genera at the time, and Gil (2011) and Lavesque et al. (2021a, b) provide keys to European taxa. Nogueira et al. (2015) provide keys to terebellid taxa from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Jirkov and Leontovich (2013) provide a key to Terebellomorpha, including Pectinariidae, from the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar seas><The present tribal classification of Polycirrini is based on Stiller et al. (2020), and follows the classification presented in WoRMS (accessed Dec 2023). This taxon is considered a family by Noguera et al. (2013). Polycirrini comprise six genera and 122 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Lavesque et al. (2021) provide keys to European members of the tribe, which they refer to as a family (Polycirridae) and Glasby and Hutchings (2014) provide a key to world \i{}Polycirrus\i0{} Grube, 1850 species. See Remarks under Terebellidae sensu lato for more references having identification keys><The present subfamily classification of Terebellinae is based on Stiller et al. (2020), and follows the classification presented in WoRMS (accessed Dec 2023). It is diagnosable at Level 2, but beyond that it cannot be differentiated from Thelepodinae. This taxon is considered a family by Noguera et al. (2013). Terebellinae comprise about 50 genera and 250 (WoRMS, accessed June 2024); we exclude Polycirrini, which are coded separately, but include the other tribes (Lanicini, Procleini, Terebellini, Artacamini), which are more difficult to distinguish with the current character dataset. Lavesque et al. (2021) provide keys to European members of the subfamily, which they refer to as a family (Terebellidae). See Remarks under Terebellidae sensu lato for more references having identification keys><The present subfamily classification of Thelepodinae is based on Stiller et al. (2020), and follows the classification presented in WoRMS (accessed Dec 2023). This taxon is presented as two families (Thelepodidae and Telothelepodidae) in Noguera et al. (2013), but they could not be separated using the present character set. Thelepodinae is similar to Terebellinae and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1. Thelepodinae comprise 10 genera and 130 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). Lavesque et al. (2020) provide keys to the European species. See Remarks under Terebellidae sensu lato for more references having identification keys><Thalassematidae sensu lato comprise five subfamilies, 40 genera and 175 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023). Thalassematidae has a wide range of body forms so we have provided subfamily coding to reduce polymorphism in the dataset. Further, the group has long been recognised at the rank of phylum, viz., Echiura, with the current five subfamilies treated as families, so there is substantial family-level taxonomic literature, some including keys to genera and species. The family has a widespread global distribution; subfamily members appear to have a preference for particular latitudes or ocean basins, but this may well reflect patchy sampling. Edmonds (2000) provides a key to the five subfamilies (then families); Saiz Salinas et al. (2000) provide a key to Antarctic taxa. Biseswar (2009) provides keys for the identification of genera and species of echiurans from the Atlantic, and Biseswar (2010) provides a checklist of Indo-west Pacific taxa><Bonelliinae comprise 30 genera and 78 species (Worms, accessed Dec 2023), having a widespread global distribution at all depths. Bonellinae is not diagnosable ((DELTA Diagnostic Level 0), being inseparable from other Thalassematidae using the present character set. The subfamily displays sexual dimorphism and as such this dataset has only been scored for females. The dwarf males live on or inside the body of the female; they lack pigmentation and a proboscis and have a rudimentary gut, and are thus very different from the present description. See Remarks under Thalassematidae sensu lato for references having regional keys that include Bonelliinae><Echiurinae comprise a single genus, \i{}Echiurus\i0{} Gu\u233?rin-M\u233?neville, 1831 with four species having a wide distribution, mainly at high latitudes (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). It is diagnosable at DELTA level 2, but thereafter indistinguishable from Ikedinae and Thalassematidae. Saiz Salinas et al. (2000) provide a key to Antarctic taxa. Biseswar (2019) provides a key for the identification of all genera and species of southern Africa (all belong to Echiurinae)><Ikedinae comprise a single genus, \i{}Ikeda\i0{} Wharton, 1913 and two species, which have an Indo-west Pacific distribution (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). Using our dataset, Ikedinae is not diagnosable ((DELTA Diagnostic Level 0), being inseparable from other Thalassematidae. Goto et al. (2020) using molecular data advocate for the inclusion of \i{}Ikeda\i0{} (the only genus of Ikedinae) within Bonelliidae><Thalassematidae comprise seven genera and 87 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and has a widespread global distribution. Using the present dataset, Thalassematinae is not diagnosable (DELTA Diagnostic Level 0), being inseparable from the other four subfamilies. Biseswar (1984) provides a key to species of the large genus \i{}Anelassorhynchus \i0{}Annandale, 1922. See Remarks under Thalassematidae sensu lato for references having regional keys that include Thalassematidae><Urechinae comprise a single genus, \i{}Urechis\i0{} Seitz, 1907 and four species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023); it appears to have largely a 'Pacific rim' distribution, with only a few records in the Atlantic of Argentina (GBIF, accessed Dec 2023). The family is diagnosable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1, but indistinguishable from other other Thalassematidae at higher levels. Goto et al. (2020) suggested its synonymy with Echiurinae, on the basis of molecular similarity and their shared arrangement of anal chaetae in rings\b{}. \b0{}See Remarks under Thalassematidae sensu lato for references having regional keys that include Urechinae><Tiguassidae is a monotypic family, known for \i{}Tiguassu reginae\i0{} Righi, Ayres & Bittencourt, 1978 of the Amazon region, Brazil (WoRMS 2023). Little is known about its biology, including the form of its clitellum, which has made placement within microdriles or megadriles difficult. Although its position within Oligochaeta is currently incertae sedis (Jamieson 2006; Martin et al. 2024), we have assumed it belongs within the microdriles, based on the similarity of its reproductive system with haplotaxids (Jamieson 2006), and therefore that the clitellum is thin and single-celled as is usual for microdriles><Tomopteridae is a holopelagic family comprising three monotypic genera and a fourth, \i{}Tomopteris \i0{}Eschscholtz, 1825, with 50 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024). The family is globally distributed in oceanic and coastal waters, mostly in the top few hundred metres. They are easily recognisable by their translucent body and they are the only holopelagic polychaete to lack external chaetae. Dales (1957) provides keys to genera and species of Tompoteridae of the Pacific Ocean; Pleijel and Dales (1991) provide a key to European taxa, O'Sullivan (1982) provides a key to Southern Ocean taxa, and Jim\u233?nez-Cueto and Su\u225?rez-Morales (1999) provide a key to the Caribbean species of \i{}Tomopteris\i0{}><Trichobranchidae contains three genera and 118 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), and has a widespread distribution. Trichobranchidae was originally erected as a subfamily within Terebellidae and this same position within Terebellidae was also found by Nogueira et al. (2013) (along with families Ampharetidae, Melinnidae and Pectinariidae) using a morphological cladistic approach; however, the recent finding of Stiller et al. (2020) that Trichobranchidae is an independent family (based on integrative phylogenetic study) has corroborated most phylogenetic studies over the last 30 years or so. Nevertheless, using the present morphological data Trichobranchidae is not diagnosable from Terebellidae at DELTA Diagnostic Level 2 and only diagnosable from other polychaete families at Level 1. Holthe (1986) and Gil (2011) provide keys to European taxa, Hutchings and Peart (2000) provide a key to Australian taxa and Lavesque et al. (2019) provide a key to Trichobranchidae of France. The genus \i{}Terebellides\i0{} Sars, 1835 with over 90 species worldwide, has received the most attention from taxonomists. Sch\u252?ller and Hutchings (2013) provide a key to all known \i{}Terebellides\i0{} at the time; Parapar et al. (2013) provide a key to Adriatic \i{}Terebellides\i0{} species; Parapar et al. (2016) provide a key to \i{}Terebellides\i0{} species in SE Indo-Pacific waters; Parapar et al. (2020) provide a key to \i{}Terebellides\i0{} species in the NE Atlantic and Barroso et al. (2022) provide an updated identification key to all described species of \i{}Terebellides\i0{} from the NE Atlantic. Zhang and Hutchings (2018) provide a key to \i{}Terebellides\i0{} from the NW Pacific, and Lavesque et al. (2024) provide a key to \i{}Terebellides\i0{} species of the Central Indo-Pacific><Tritogeniidae, which was erected by Plisko (2013), includes two genera, \i{}Michalakus \i0{}Plisko, 1996 with a single species and \i{}Tritogenia \i0{}Kinberg, 1866 with 38 species; all species are endemic to southern Africa (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein). Plisko (1997) includes a key to species and species groups of \i{}Tritogenia \i0{}from southern Africa, and\i{} \i0{}Plisko and Nxele (2015) provide a key to distinguish foreign Tritogeniidae taxa from native ones of South Africa. Tritogeniidae is similar to both Hormogastridae and Sparganophilidae and\b{} \b0{}only distinguishable at DELTA Diagnostic Level 1><Trochochaetidae is maintained here as a family-level taxon following POLiKEY (Glasby and Fauchald 2003) and WoRMS, despite morphological (including reproductive and larval characters) and molecular evidence that they fall within Spionidae (Blake and Arnofsky 1999; see also references in Rouse et al. 2022). We prefer to wait until conclusive evidence, including greater taxon sampling, before coding an expanded concept of Spionidae (including \i{}Poecilochaetus \i0{}Clapar\u232?de in Ehlers, 1875, \i{}Trochochaeta\i0{} Levinsen, 1884 and \i{}Uncispio \i0{}Green, 1982), especially because Poecilochaetidae, Trochochaetidae and Uncispionidae are morphologically diagnosable and may prove to be useful concepts for ecological studies. The family contains two genera and 13 species (WoRMS, accessed June 2024), which have a global distribution, but are apparently absent from the deep sea (GBIF, accessed Dec, 2023). Mackie (1990) provides a key to species of Hong Kong, Gil (2011) provides a key to European taxa, while Bochert and Zettler (2013) and Radashevsky et al. (2018) provide keys to all known species of \i{}Trochochaeta\i0{} at the time><Tumakidae is only known for three species in the genus \i{}Tumak \i0{}Righi, 1995 which\i{} \i0{}inhabit the soils of South America (Misirlio\u240?lu et al. 2023 and references therein)><Typhloscolecidae is a holopelagic family comprising four genera and 18 species (WoRMS, accessed Dec 2023), and has a global distribution occurring from shallow waters down to abyssal depths. Dales (1957) provides keys to genera and species of Typhloscolecidae of the Pacific Ocean; Pleijel and Dales (1991) provide a key to European taxa. O'Sullivan (1982) provides a key to Southern Ocean taxa><Uncispionidae is maintained here as a family-level taxon following POLiKEY2 (Glasby and Fauchald 2003) and WoRMS, despite morphological evidence that they fall within an expanded Spionidae, including Poecilochaeidae and Trochochaetidae (Blake and Arnofsky 1999; see also references in Rouse et al. 2022); DNA evidence, however, is still lacking. \i{}Uncispio\i0{} contains three genera and eight species (WoRMS, accessed Feb 2024) having a global distribution, but are apparently absent from the deep sea (GBIF, accessed Dec, 2023). Blake and Maciolek (2018) provide a key to all species of Uncispionidae><Xerobdellidae is a small family belonging to the jawed Hirudiniformes which includes both blood-feeding and invertebrate predatory leeches. The family was resurrected by Borda et al. (2008) to accommodate the monotypic genera \i{}Xerobdella \i0{}Frauenfeld, 1868\i{},\i0{} \i{}Mesobdella\i0{} Blanchard, 1893 and \i{}Diestecostoma \i0{}Vaillant, 1890\i{}, \i0{}which occur in the Neotropics (\i{}Mesobdella\i0{} and \i{}Diestecostoma\i0{})\i{} \i0{}and Palaearctic (\i{}Xerobdella\i0{})><Yndolaciidae is a holopelagic group comprising three monotypic genera, and is currently only known from the Arctic Ocean and Gulf of Guinea. It is currently considered incertae sedis within Phyllodocida (Rouse et al. 2022)>                                                                                                                                                                             
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 M  $ * 0 2 7 : @; = @ @ HD G )L P W Z r\ ] d d g g h i j 0l n r z |   !  e P ߑ        Q Q a a  y    D    _ 
  }    . .     ] h   7     +                                                                                                     <Parapar J, et al. (Eds) (2012) Fauna Ib\u233?rica, Volume 45: Annelida: Polychaeta V. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, 631 pp; Mackie ASY, Pleijel F,Rouse GW (2005) Revision of \i{}Aberranta\i0{} (Aberrantidae: Annelida), with descriptions of new species from the Mediterranean and Hong Kong. Marine Ecology 26: 197\endash{}208; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic, E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Tessler M, de Carle D, Voiklis ML, Gresham OA, Neumann JS, Cios S, Siddall ME. 2018 Worms that suck: phylogenetic analysis of Hirudinea solidifies the position of Acanthobdellida and necessitates the dissolution of Rhynchobdellida. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution\i{} \i0{}127\b{}: \b0{}129\endash{}134; De Carle DB, Gajda L, Bielecki A, Cios S, Cichocka JM, Golden HE, Gryska AD, Sokolov S, Shedko MB, Knudsen R, Utevsky S, \u346?waitek P, Tessler M (2023) Recent evolution of ancient Arctic leech relatives: systematics of Acanthobdellida. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196: 149\endash{}168><Blakemore R (1999) Diversity of exotic earthworms in Australia - a status report, pp 182-187. In Ponder W, Lunney D, Eds, The Other 99%. The conservation and biodiversity of Invertebrates. Transactions of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Mosman, NSW; Jamieson BGM, Tillier S, Tillier A, Justine J-L, Ling E, James S, McDonald K, Hugall AF (2002). Phylogeny of the Megascolecidae and Crassiclitellata (Annelida, Oligochaeta): combined versus partitioned analysis using nuclear (28S) and mitochondrial (12S, 16S) rDNA. \i{}Zoosystema \i0{}24(4) : 707-734; Dyne GR, Jamieson BGM (2004) Native Earthworms of Australia II (Megascolecidae, Acanthodrilinae). Department of the Environment and Heritage, Australian Government, 200 pp; Jamieson BGM (2006) Non-leech Clitellata (with contributions by Marco Ferraguti). Pp. 235-392. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire; James SW, Davidson SK (2012) Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida : Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences. Invertebrate Systematics 26: 213\endash{}229; Plisko JD, Nxele, TC (2015) An Annotated Key Separating Foreign Earthworm Species from the Indigenous South African taxa (Oligochaeta: Acanthodrilidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Microchaetidae, Ocnerodrilidae and Tritogeniidae). African Invertebrates 56:663-708; Anderson FE, Williams BW, Horn KM, Ers\u233?us C, Halanych KM, Santos SR, James SW (2017) Phylogenomic analyses of Crassiclitellata support major Northern and Southern Hemisphere clades and a Pangaean origin for earthworms. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2017) 17:123><Pettibone MH (1989) Revision of the aphroditoid polychaetes of the family Acoetidae Kinberg (=Polyodontidae Augener) and reestablishment of \i{}Acoetes\i0{} Audouin and Milne-Edwards, 1832, and \i{}Euarche\i0{} Ehlers, 1887. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.464; Gil, J (2011) The european fauna of Annelida Polychaeta. PhD Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, 1554 pp.; https://repositorio.ul.pt/handle/10451/4600; Parapar J, et al. (Eds) (2015) Fauna Ib\u233?rica, Volume 41: Annelida: Polychaeta IV. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, 413 pp; Barnich (2011) Identification of scale worms in British and Irish waters. Senckenberg - Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Frankfurt, https://www.nmbaqcs.org/media/rr4eji50/identification-of-scale-worms-in-british-waters.pdf; Salazar Vallejo SI, Rizzo, AE, Fukuda MV 2014. Reinstatement of \i{}Euarche rudipalpa\i0{} (Polychaeta: Acoetidae), with remarks on morphology and body pigmentation. Taxonomy and Nomenclature, Zoologia (Curitiba) 31 (3), https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702014000300008><Banse K (1969). Acrocirridae n.fam. (Polychaeta Sedentaria). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 26(10): 2595-2620; Salazar-Vallejo SI, Gillet P, Carrera-Parra LF (2007) Revision of \i{}Chauvinelia\i0{}, redescriptions of \i{}Flabelliseta incrusta\i0{}, and \i{}Helmetophorus rankini,\i0{} and their recognition as acrocirrids (Polychaeta: Acrocirridae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87: 465\endash{}474; Salazar-Vallejo, S.I. (2009). Acrocirridae Banse, 1969. In Poliquetos (Annelida: Polychaeta) de M\u233?xico y Am\u233?rica Tropical, J.A. de L\u233?on-Gonzales, J.R. Bastida-Zavala, L.F. Carrera-Parra, M.E. Garcia-Garza, A. Pe\u241?a-Rivera, S.I. Salazar-Vallejo, and V. Sol\u237?s-Weiss, eds. (Universidad Aut\u243?noma de Nuevo Le\u243?n, Monterrey, M\u233?xico), pp. 35\endash{}39; Gil, Joao (2011) The european fauna of Annelida Polychaeta. PhD Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, 1554 pp.; https://repositorio.ul.pt/handle/10451/4600; Magalh\u227?es WF, Bailey-Brock, JH (2011) A new species of \i{}Acrocirrus\i0{} (Polychaeta: Acrocirridae) from Coconut Island, Oahu, Hawaii. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92: 1019-1022; Osborn KJ, Haddock SHD, Rouse GW (2011) \i{}Swima\i0{} (Annelida, Acrocirridae), holopelagic worms from the deep Pacific. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163(3): 663-678., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00727.x><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (1971) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp; Rouse GW, Pleijel, F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Brinkhurst RO and Jamieson, BGM (1971) Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World with contributions by D.G. Cook, D.V. Anderson, J. van der Land. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, 860 pp><Martin P, Martinez-Ansemil E, Pinder A, Timm T, Wetzel MJ (2008) Global diversity of oligochaetous clitellates (\lquote{}\lquote{}Oligochaeta\rquote{}\rquote{}; Clitellata) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia (2008) 595:117\endash{}127; Chanabun R, Sutcharit C, Tongkerd P, Panha S (2013) The semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus \i{}Glyphidrilus\i0{} Horst, 1889 from Thailand (Oligochaeta, Almidae) with re-descriptions of several species. Zookeys 265:1-76. Chanabun R, Jirapatrasilp P, Seesamut T, Bantaowong U, Aoonkum A, Inkhavilay K (2023) Two New Species of Semi-Aquatic Freshwater Earthworm Genus \i{}Glyphidrilus\i0{} Horst, 1889 (Oligochaeta: Almidae) from Thailand and Laos. Tropical Natural History 7: 31\endash{}40; Misirlio\u240?lu, M, Reynolds, JW, Stojanovi\u230?, M, Traki\u230?, T, Sekuli\u230?, J, James, SW, Csuzdi, C, Deca\u235?ns, T, Lapied, E, Phillips, HRP, Cameron, EK, Brown, GG (2023). Earthworms (Clitellata, Megadrili) of the world: an updated checklist of valid species and families, with notes on their distribution. Zootaxa\i{} \i0{}5255 (1): 417\endash{}438><Siddall ME, Borda E (2004) Leech Collections from Chile Including Two New species of \i{}Helobdella \i0{}(Annelida: Hirudinida). American Museum Novitates 3457: 1-18; Siddall ME, Bely AE, Borda E (2006) Hirudinida Pp. 393-429. In Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Series Editor BGM Jamieson. Volume 4. Editors G Rouse, F Pleijel. Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire\par{}><Holthe T (1986). Evolution, systematics, and distribution of the Polychaeta Terebellomorpha, with a catalogue of the taxa and a bibliography. Gunneria 55: 1-236., available online at http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:331918/FULLTEXT01.pdf; Reuscher M, Fiege D, Wehe, T (2009). Four new species of Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Pacific hot vents and cold seeps, with a key and synoptic table of characters for all genera. Zootaxa 2191, 1\endash{}40; Gil, J (2011) The european fauna of Annelida Polychaeta. PhD Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, 1554 pp.; https://repositorio.ul.pt/handle/10451/4600; Jirkov IA 2013. Identification keys for Terebellomorpha (Polychaeta) of the Eastern Atlantic and the North Polar Basin. II. Ampharetidae. NMBAQC 2008 taxonomic workshop, Dove Marine Laboratory. 6pp, October 2011; Jirkov IA, Leontovich MK (2013) Identification keys for Terebellomorpha (Polychaeta) of the eastern Atlantic and the North Polar Basin. Invertebrate Zoology 10: 217-243; Alvestad T, Budaeva N (2020). Ampharetidae and Melinnidae. www.artsdatabanken.no/Pages/299547. Nedlastet; Reuscher M, Fiege D, Wehe T (2009). Four new species of Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Pacific hot vents and cold seeps, with a key and synoptic table of characters for all genera. Zootaxa 2191: 1\endash{}40><Gil J (2011) The european fauna of Annelida Polychaeta. PhD Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, 1554 pp.; https://repositorio.ul.pt/handle/10451/4600; Arias, A., Barroso, R., Anad\u243?n, N., and Paiva, P.C. (2013). On the occurrence of the fireworm \i{}Eurythoe complanata\i0{} complex (Annelida, Amphinomidae) in the Mediterranean Sea with an updated revision of the alien Mediterranean amphinomids. ZooKeys 33:19\endash{}33; Sun Y, Li X (2017) A new genus and species of bristle worm from Beibu Gulf, South China Sea (Annelida, Polychaeta, Amphinomidae). Zookeys 708: 1-10><Pettibone MH (1966) \i{}Heteraphrodita altoni,\i0{} a new genus and species of polychaete wonn (Polychaeta, Aphroditidae) from deep water off Oregon, and a revision of the aphroditid genera. 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Gunneria 55: 1-236., available online at http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:331918/FULLTEXT01.pdf; Hutchings P, Peart R (2000) A revision of the Australian Trichobranchidae (Polychaeta) . Invertebrate Systematics 14: 225-272, https://doi.org/10.1071/IT98005; Gil J (2011) The european fauna of Annelida Polychaeta. PhD Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, 1554 pp.; https://repositorio.ul.pt/handle/10451/4600; Nogueira, JM de M, Fitzhugh K, Hutchings P (2013) The continuing challenge of phylogenetic relationships in Terebelliformia (Annelida : Polychaeta). Invertebrate Systematics 27(2): 186-238; Parapar J, Mikac B, Fiege D (2013). Diversity of the genus \i{}Terebellides\i0{} (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) in the Adriatic Sea with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 3691, 333; Sch\u252?ller M, Hutchings PA (2013) New species of \i{}Terebellides\i0{} (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) from the deep Southern Ocean, with a key to all described species. 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Biology 9(4): 73 [29 pp. + supplementary material]., available online at https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9040073; Lavesque N, Nogueira JMM, Daffe Gu, Hutchings P(2024) Five new species of \i{}Terebellides\i0{} (Annelida, Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) from Papua New Guinea (Bismarck and Solomon seas). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 12, https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2024.1349362><Plisko JD (1997) New species of the genus \i{}Tritogenia\i0{} Kinberg, 1867 from southern Africa (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae). Annals of the Natal Museum 38, https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA03040798_177; Plisko JD (2013). A New Family Tritogeniidae for the genera \i{}Tritogenia\i0{} and \i{}Michalakus\i0{}, earlier accredited to the composite Microchaetidae (Annelida: Oligochaeta). African Invertebrates 54: 69-92. 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Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK><Borda E, Oceguera-Figueroa A, Siddall ME (2008) On the classification, evolution and biogeography of terrestrial haemadipsoid leeches (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Hirudiniformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (2008) 142\endash{}154><Rouse GW, Pleijel F, Tilic E (2022) Annelida. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK>                                                                                         
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                                                                                                      AberrantidaeAcanthobdellidaeAcanthodrilidaeAcoetidaeAcrocirridaeAeolosomatidaeAlluroididaeAlmidaeAlvinellidaeAmericobdellidaeAmpharetidaeAmphinomidaeAphroditidaeApistobranchidaeArenicolidaeBiwadrilidaeBranchiobdellidaeCapilloventridaeCapitellidaeChaetopteridaeChrysopetalidae sensu latoChrysopetalidae, CalamyzinaeChrysopetalidae, ChrysopetalinaeChrysopetidae, DysponetinaeCirratulidaeCossuridaeCriodrilidaeCtenodrilidaeCyclobdellidaeCylicobdellidaeDinophilidaeDiurodrilidaeDorvilleidaeDorydrilidaeEnchytraeidaeErpobdellidaeEudrilidaeEulepethidaeEunicidaeEuphrosinidaeFabriciidaeFauveliopsidaeFlabelligeridaeGastrostomobdellidaeGlossiphoniidaeGlossoscolecidaeGlyceridaeGoniadidaeHaemadipsidaeHaplotaxidaeHartmaniellidaeHesionidaeHirudinidaeHistriobdellidaeHormogastridaeHrabeiellidaeIospilidaeIphionidaeKynotidaeLacydoniidaeLobatocerebridaeLongosomatidaeLopadorrhynchidaeLumbricidaeLumbriculidaeLumbrineridaeLutodrilidaeMagelonidaeMaldanidaeMegascolecidaeMelinnidaeMicrochaetidaeMicrophthalmidaeMoniligastridaeMyzostomidaNaididae sensu latoNaididae, NaidinaeNaididae, OpistocystinaeNaididae, PristininaeNaididae, TubificinaeNarapidaeNephtyidaeNereididaeNerillidaeOcnerodrilidaeOenonidaeOnuphidaeOpheliidaeOrbiniidaeOrobdellidaeOweniidaeOzobranchidaeParalacydoniidaeParaonidaeParergodrilidaeParvidrilidaePectinariidaePhreodrilidaePhyllodocidae sensu latoPhyllodocidae, Eteoninae, AlciopiniPilargidaePiscicolidaePoecilochaetidaePolygordiidaePolynoidaePontodoridaePraobdellidaePropappidaeProtodrilidaeProtodriloididaePsammodrilidaeRandiellidaeRhinodrilidaeSabellariidaeSabellidaeSaccocirridaeSalifidaeScalibregmatidae, Scalibregmatinae\par{}Scalibregmatidae, TravisiaSemiscolecidaeSerpulidaeSiboglinidae sensu latoSiboglinidae, FrenulataSiboglinidae, OsedaxSiboglinidae, SclerolinumSiboglinidae, VestimentiferaSigalionidae sensu latoSigalionidae, PelogeniinaeSigalionidae, PholoinaeSigalionidae, PisioninaeSigalionidae, SigalioninaeSigalionidae, SthenelanellinaeSipuncula sensu latoSipuncula, Antillesomatidae\par{}Sipuncula, AspidosiphonidaeSipuncula, GolfingiidaeSipuncula, PhascolosomatidaeSipuncula, SiphonosomatidaeSipuncula, SipunculidaeSparganophilidaeSphaerodoridaeSpintheridaeSpionidaeSternaspidaeSyllidaeSyngenodrilidaeTerebellidae sensu latoTerebellidae, Terebellinae, PolycirriniTerebellidae, Terebellinae ex PolycirriniTerebellidae, ThelepodinaeThalassematidae sensu latoThalassematidae, BonelliinaeThalassematidae, EchiurinaeThalassematidae, IkedinaeThalassematidae, ThalassematinaeThalassematidae, UrechinaeTiguassidaeTomopteridaeTrichobranchidaeTritogeniidaeTrochochaetidaeTumakidaeTyphloscolecidaeUncispionidaeXerobdellidaeYndolaciidae                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                    	                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @  @                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           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                                                                  P                       W  Z  ]                             b               g               l               q               v               {                                                                                                                                                            	                                                                                    !           &  &           )  )           -  3           5  7           ;  =           ?  ?           A  D           F  G                                                                                                                                                                                  O      P              Q      R  T  U  V  W      X  Y              [  \      ]  ^  _  `  a  b  c  d          e          f          g                      h  i  j  k      l              m      n  o  p      r  s  u      w  x      y  z      {  |      ~                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           	    
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         G    6  >  }                     *  1                    !   "   $   %   '   (   )   *   +   ,   .   /   0   1   2   4   5   6   7   9   :   ;   <   =   >   ?   @   A   B   C     D   F   G   H   I   J   K   L   M   N   O   P   Q   R   S   T   U   V   W   X   Y   Z   [   ]   ^   `   a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   l   m   n   o   p   q   r   s   u   v   w   Z  x   y   z   {   |   }   ~                                                                                                                                                                    [                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             	  
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            ]                                  '     !  "  #  $  3  %  &  '  (  )  *  +  ,  -  .  /  0  1  _  <  2  3  4  J  5  6  7  8  W  9  :  ;  <  =  >  f  ?  @  A  C  D  F  p  x      V                                                                                                                              S                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                     "  (  4  <  B  J  L  P  R  V  Y  \  ^  a  c  f  h  j          l  n  p  s  u  w  {  }                                                                                                                    
                $  (  ,  .  0  7  9  ;  =  @  B  D  F  H  M  T  V  X  \  _  a      h  j  l  n  p  s  u  w  y          ~                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Aberrantidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Acanthobdellidae_Plate_mod.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Acanthodrillidae_New_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Acoetidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Acrocirridae_Acrocirrus_trisectus_KGH_Matai_Bay_NZ.jpg <@imagenotes x=893 y=91 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.\par{}Location: New Zealand, Matai Bay.> Acrocirridae_Flabelligena_sp_AM.jpg <@imagenotes x=919 y=53 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Australian Museum.> Acrocirridae_Plate.gif Acrocirridae_Acrocirrus_trisectus_.jpg <@imagenotes x=883 y=33 t=Location: New Zealand, Taranaki, New Plymouth, Taranaki.\par{}Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Acrocirridae_Acrocirrus_trisectus__.jpg <@imagenotes x=923 y=37 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.\par{}Location: New Zealand, Bay of Plenty, Bay Of Plenty.>                                                                                  e                                                                                                                               Aeolosomatidae.jpg Aeolosomatidae_.jpg Aeolosomatidae_Plate.jpg Aeolosomatidae_Darwin_High_School.jpg                                                                                                                                                          Alluroididae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Almidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Alvinellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                          U                                                                                                                              Ampharetidae.jpg Ampharetidae_Auchenopla_crinita_NTM_W18598.jpg <@imagenotes x=936 y=99 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Chris Glasby.\par{}Registration number: NTM W18598.> Ampharetidae_Auchenoplax_sp.jpg <@imagenotes x=953 y=81 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Chris Glasby.> Ampharetidae_Melinnopsis_sp_AM.jpg <@imagenotes x=925 y=54 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Australian Museum.> Ampharetidae_Pavelius_sp.jpg <@imagenotes x=938 y=50 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Chris Glasby.> Ampharetidae_Plate.jpg                                           `                                                                                                                              Amphinomidae.jpg Amphinomidae__.jpg Amphinomidae___.jpg Amphinomidae_B4687_d7523.jpg Amphinomidae_d2118.jpg Amphinomidae_d4009.jpg Amphinomidae_d11538.jpg Amphinomidae_DSCa07640w_Tulamben_Bali.jpg Amphinomidae_Eurythoe_complanata.jpg <@imagenotes x=939 y=51 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Amphinomidae_Eurythoe_sp.jpg <@imagenotes x=916 y=-71 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Amphinomidae_Eurythoe_sp_.jpg <@imagenotes x=931 y=107 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Amphinomidae_Eurythoe_sp__.jpg <@imagenotes x=945 y=36 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Amphinomidae_Pherecardia.jpg <@imagenotes x=929 y=-232 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Amphinomidae_Plate.gif Amphinomidae_Hermodice_carunculata.jpg <@imagenotes x=919 y=15 t=Identification: Identification: Species identification confirmed by Florida Museum of Natural History.\par{}Location: Panama, Bocas del Toro Province, Punta Juan.> Amphinomidae_Hermodice_carunculata_.jpg <@imagenotes x=928 y=33 t=Identification: Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.\par{}Location: Spain, Islas Canarias, La Restinga, El Hierro Island, Canary Islands, Spain.> Amphinomidae_Polychaetae.jpg <@imagenotes x=950 y=240 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Amphinomidae_Pherecardia_striata.jpg                                0                                                                                                                              Aphroditidae_Aphrodita_goolmaris_KGH.jpg <@imagenotes x=893 y=21 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Aphroditidae_ASYM6537_Laetmonice_off_W_Norway_2012.jpg <@imagenotes x=924 y=26 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Andy Mackie (ASYM6537).> Aphroditidae_Laetmonice_yarramba_KGH.jpg <@imagenotes x=925 y=31 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.> Aphroditidae_Aphrodita_aculeata.jpg <@imagenotes x=926 y=34 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.\par{}Location: United Kingdom, Scotland, Scottish Borders, Scottish Borders, Scotland, GB.> Aphroditidae_Aphrodita_australis.jpg <@imagenotes x=921 y=35 t=Identification: Species identification unconfirmed.\par{}Location: Australia, Victoria, Phillip Island, Cowes, VIC, AU.\par{}> Aphroditidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                g                                                                                                                              Apistobranchidae_Apistobranchus_tullbergi.jpg <@imagenotes x=925 y=38 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Yale University Peabody Museum.\par{}Location: United States, Massachusetts, Barnstable County, Provincetown, Race Point, 3 mi SSE of Race Point. Substrate: Silty sand.> Apistobranchidae_Apistobranchus_tullbergi_.jpg <@imagenotes x=931 y=28 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Yale University Peabody Museum.\par{}Location: United States, Massachusetts, Barnstable County, Provincetown, Race Point, 3 mi SSE of Race Point. Substrate: Silty sand.> Apistobranchidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                       Arenicolidae_.jpg Arenicolidae__.jpg Arenicolidae_Abarenicola_vagabunda.jpg <@imagenotes x=926 y=37 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Florida Museum of Natural History.\par{}Location: United States, Washington, San Juan County, San Juan Island, False Bay.> Arenicolidae_Abarenicola_vagabunda_.jpg <@imagenotes x=921 y=37 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Florida Museum of Natural History.\par{}Location: United States, Washington, San Juan County, San Juan Island, False Bay.> Arenicolidae_Arenicola_cristata.jpg <@imagenotes x=926 y=28 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Yale University Peabody Museum.\par{}Location: United States, Massachusetts, Barnstable County, Falmouth, North Falmouth, Wild Harbor River.> Arenicolidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Biwadrilidae_New_Plate.jpg                                                                                                      Z                                                                                                                              Branchiobdellidae_ASYM2477_Cambarincola_cf_okadai_d_Wales_2014.jpg Branchiobdellidae_ASYM2520_Cambarincola_cf_okadai_v_Wales_2014.jpg Branchiobdellidae_ASYM2679_Xironogiton_victoriensis_v_Wales_2014.jpg Branchiobdellidae_ASYM2718_Xironogiton_victoriensis_d_Wales_2014.jpg Branchiobdellida_Xironogiton_instabilius_1.jpg Branchiobdellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                     Capilloventridae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                      8                                                                                                                              Capitellidae_Capitella_sp.jpg Capitellidae_Capitella_sp_.jpg Capitellidae_d2124.jpg Capitellidae_d4179.jpg Capitellidae_d10026.jpg Capitellidae_hpwo371.jpg Capitellidae_Mediomastus_sp.jpg Capitellidae_Notomastus_broomensis.jpg Capitellidae_Notomastus_sp.jpg Capitellidae_Notomastus_sp_.jpg Capitellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                       Chaetopteridae.jpg Chaetopteridae_.jpg Chaetopteridae__.jpg Chaetopteridae_Chaetopterus_sp.jpg Chaetopteridae_Chaetopterus_sp_.jpg Chaetopteridae_Spiochaetopterus_sp.jpg Chaetopteridae_Spiochaetopterus_sp_.jpg Chaetopteridae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                     Chrysopetalidae_22168.jpg Chrysopetalidae_23325.jpg Chrysopetalidae_Bhawania_sp.jpg Chrysopetalidae_d3053.jpg Chrysopetalidae_d4232.jpg                                                                                                                         %                                                                                                                               Chrysopetalidae_Calamyzinae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chrysopetalidae_22168.jpg Chrysopetalidae_23325.jpg Chrysopetalidae_Bhawania_sp.jpg Chrysopetalidae_d3053.jpg Chrysopetalidae_d4232.jpg Chrysopetalidae_Chrysopetalinae_Plate.gif                                                                               &                                                                                                                               Chrysopetalidae_Dysponetinae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Cirratulidae.jpg Cirratulidae_Chaetozone_sp_W26318.jpg Cirratulidae_Cirratulus_cirratus.jpg Cirratulidae_Cirratulus_cirratus_.jpg Cirratulidae_Cirriformia_sp.jpg Cirratulidae_d16757.jpg Cirratulidae_Dodecacira_sp.jpg Cirratulidae_Plate.jpg                 _                                                                                                                               Cossuridae_Cossura_pygodactylata.jpg Cossuridae_Cossura_pygodactylata_.jpg Cossuridae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                Criodrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Ctenodrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Dinophilidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Diurodrilidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Dorvilleidae_d10841.jpg Dorvilleidae_d18312.jpg Dorvilleidae_Dorvillea_similis.jpg Dorvilleidae_Dorvillea_sp_Ternate.jpg Dorvilleidae_Polychaeta_d4184.jpg Dorvilleidae_Dorvillea_moniloceras.jpg Dorvilleidae_Dorvillea_rubrovittata.jpg Dorvilleidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                               Dorydrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                          l                                                                                                                               Enchytraeidae_Lumbricillus_codensis.jpg Enchytraeidae_Plate.jpg Enchytrtaeidae_Grania_postclitellochaeta.jpg                                                                                                                                                  Erpobdellidae_Erpobdella_octoculata_2.jpg Erpobdellidae_Erpobdella_octoculata_3.jpg Erpobdellidae_Erpobdella_octoculata_4.jpg Erpobdellidae_Erpobdella_octoculata_5.jpg Erpobdellidae_Erpobdella_octoculata_6.jpg Erpobdellidae_Nephelopsis_obscura.jpg Erpobdellidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Eudrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Eulepethidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Eunicidae_Eunice_sp_Lizard_Is_Alexander_Semenov.jpg Eunice_Eunice_fucata.jpg Eunicidae_Eunice_antennata.jpg Eunicidae_Eunice_aphroditois.jpg Eunicidae_Eunice_roussaei.jpg Eunicidae_Plate.jpg                                                                  ]                                                                                                                               Euphrosinidae_KGH_Bali__.jpg Euphrosinidae_Euphrosine_carunculata.jpg Euphrosinidae_Plate.jpg                                   F                                                                                                                               Fabriciidae,_Amphicorina_sp.jpg Fabriciidae_.jpg Fabriciidae_Plate.jpg                                                          F                                                                                                                               Fauveliopsidae_Laubieriopsis_hartmanae_AM.jpg Fauveliopsidae_Plate.gif                                                          y                                                                                                                              Flabelligeridae_ASYM6612_Diplocirrus_glaucus_off_W_Norway_2012.jpg Flabelligeridae_Brada_villosa_.jpg Flabelligeridae_Piromis_sp.jpg Flabelligeridae_Therochaeta_sp_Arafura_Sea.jpg Flabelligeridae_Therochaetae_granulosus.jpg Flabelligeridae_Flabegraviera_mundata.jpg Flabelligeridae_Flabelligera_bicolor.jpg Flabelligeridae_Flabesymbios_commensalis.jpg Flabelligeridae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                      Glossiphoniidae_Clepsine_papillifera_1.jpg <@subject {\rtf\ansi\pard\plain{}\par{}}> Glossiphoniidae_Desserobdella_picta_1.jpg Glossiphoniidae_Desserobdella_picta_2.jpg Glossiphoniidae_Placobdella_parasitica_1.jpg Glossiphoniidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                Glossoscolecidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Glyceridae.jpg Glyceridae_21491.jpg Glyceridae_B3226_d2820.jpg Glyceridae_d2376.jpg Glyceridae_d3198.jpg Glyceridae_d3649.jpg Glyceridae_d12206.jpg Glyceridae_d14033.jpg Glyceridae_d17782.jpg Glyceridae_Glycera_nicobarica_.jpg Glyceridae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                        Goniadidae__.jpg Goniadidae_Glycinde_bonhourei.jpg Goniadidae_Goniada_grahami.jpg Goniadidae_Plate.gif Gonianidae_Glycinde_armigera.jpg Gonianidae_Goniada_brunnea.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Haemadipsidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                         B                                                                                                                               Haplotaxidae_Haplotaxis_A1_15_02_11.jpg Haplotaxidae_Plate_New.jpg                                                              b                                                                                                                               Hartmaniellidae_Hartmaniella_sp.jpg Hartmaniellidae_Hartmaniella_sp_.jpg Hartmaniellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                            Hesionidae.jpg Hesionidae_.jpg Hesionidae__B4843_d8099.jpg Hesionidae__B5301_d9990.jpg Hesionidae__d3038.jpg Hesionidae__d3156.jpg Hesionidae__d4226.jpg Hesionidae__d13031.jpg Hesionidae__d14044.jpg Hesionidae__d18136.jpg Hesionidae_2_23936.jpg Hesionidae_B2999_d2101.jpg Hesionidae_d05691_B1018.jpg Hesionidae_Hesione_sp.jpg Hesionidae_Leocrates_sp.jpg Hesionidae_Leocrates_sp_.jpg Hesionidae_Ophiodromus_sp.jpg Hesionidae_Parahesione_sp.jpg Hesionidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                               Hirudinidae_Hirudo_medicinalis_1.jpg Hirudinidae_Hirudo_medicinalis_2.jpg Hirudinidae_Hirudo_medicinalis_3.jpg Hirudinidae_Hirudo_medicinalis_5.jpg Hirudinidae_Hirudo_verbana.jpg Hirudinidae_Hirudo_verbana_1.jpg Hirudinidae_Macrobdella_decora_1.jpg Hirudinidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                  o                                                                                                                               Histriobdellidae_Histriobdella_homari.jpg Histriobdellidae_Histriobdella_homari_.jpg Histriobdellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                Hormogastridae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Hrabeiellidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Iospilidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                            ?                                                                                                                               Iphionidae_d3795.jpg Iphionidae_d10924.jpg Iphionidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                Kynotidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Lacydonidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                           [                                                                                                                               Longosomatidae_Nusa_Tengarra.jpg Longosomatidae_Nusa_Tengarra_.jpg Longosomatidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                    Lopadorrhynchidae_Plate_NEW.gif                                                                                                 }                                                                                                                              Lumbricidae_Allolobophora_chlorotica.jpg Lumbricidae_Aporrectodea_caliginosa.jpg Lumbricidae_Eisenia_fetida.jpg Lumbricidae_Eisenia_fetida_.jpg Lumbricidae_Lumbricius.jpg Lumbricidae_Lumbricius_.jpg Lumbricidae_Lumbricius_1.jpg Lumbricidae_Lumbricius_2.jpg Lumbricidae_Plate.jpg Oligochaeta_Lumbricidae_Eiseniella_tetraeda_habitus_Netherlands_137514_eiseniella-tetraeda-habitus.jpg   u                                                                                                                               Lumbriculidae_Lumbriculus_variegatus_01.jpg Lumbriculidae_Plate.jpg Lumbriculidae_Stylodrilus_cf_parvus_13_235_01.jpg           s                                                                                                                               Lumbrineridae.jpg Lumbrineridae_Lumbrinereis_sp.jpg Lumbrineridae_Lumbrineris_cruzensis.jpg Lumbrineridae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                            Lutrodrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Magelonidae_Magelona_sp_2AL_W26268.jpg Magelonidae_Magelona_sp_3AL_W26315.jpg Magelonidae_Magelona_longicornis.jpg Magelonidae_Magelona_longicornis_.jpg Magelonidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Maldanidae.jpg Maldanidae_.jpg Maldanidae_Axiothella_sp.jpg Maldanidae_Axiothella_sp_.jpg Maldanidae_Axiothella_sp_W26317.jpg Maldanidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                              X                                                                                                                               Megascolecidae_Amynthas_1.jpg Megascolecidae_Amynthas_2.jpg Megascolecidae_New_Plate.jpg                                        M                                                                                                                               Melinnidae_Isolda_pulchella.jpg Melinnidae_Isolda_sp.jpg Melinnidae_Plate.gif                                                   a                                                                                                                               Microchaetidae_Microchaetus_1.jpg Microchaetidae_Microchaetus_2.jpg Microchaetidae_Plate_NEW2.jpg                                                                                                                                                              Microphthalmidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                      5                                                                                                                               Moniligastridae_Drawida.jpg Moniligastridae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                          Myzostomida_Plate.jpg Myzostomidae_Myzostoma_cirriferum.jpg Myzostomidae_Myzostoma_fuscomaculatum.jpg Myzostomidae_Myzostoma_sp.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Naididae_Naidinae_Amphichaeta_sp.jpg Naididae_Naidinae_Nais_elinguis_13_094_02.jpg Naididae_Naidinae_Ophidonais_serpentina.jpg Naididae_Naidinae_Paranais_littoralis.jpg Naididae_Naidinae_Stylaria_lacustris.jpg Naididae_Naidinae_Uncinais_uncinata.jpg Naididae_Naidinae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                       '                                                                                                                               Opistocystidae_(Naididae)_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                         P                                                                                                                               Naididae_Pristininae_Pristina_aequiseta.jpg Pristinidae_(Naididae)_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                W                                                                                                                              Naididae_Tubificinae_Ilyodrilus_templetoni.jpg Naididae_Tubificinae_Tubifex_tubifex_1.jpg Naididae_Tubificinae_Tubifex_tubifex_2.jpg Oligochaeta_Tubificoides_diazi_Netherlands_137519_tubificoides-diazi.jpg Naididae_Limnodriloidinae_Limnodrilus_hoffmeisteri.jpg Naididae_Rhyacodrilinae_Branchiura_sowerbyi.jpg Naididae_Tubificinae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                        Narapidae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Nephtyidae.jpg Nephtyidae_Micronephtys_sp_d3187.jpg Nephtyidae_Nephtys_sp.jpg Nephtyidae_Nephtys_sp_W26322.jpg Nephtyidae_Nephtys_W26322_head_end.jpg Nephtyidae_Nephtys_caecoides.jpg Nephtyidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                   Nereididae.jpg Nereididae_.jpg Nereididae__.jpg Nereididae___.jpg Nereididae_____.jpg Nereididae__22941.jpg Nereididae__d12037.jpg Nereididae__Pseudonereis_sp_Fiji.jpg Nereididae_Ceratonereis_sp_Fiji.jpg Nereididae_epitoke.jpg Nereididae_epitoke_d4440.jpg Nereididae_Neanthes_pachychaeta__d12952.jpg Nereididae_Nereis_pelagica_.jpg Nereididae_Nereis_pelagica_epitoke.jpg Nereididae_NWHI_H0_1082.jpg Nereididae_Perinereis_akuna.jpg Nereididae_Perinereis_helleri.jpg Nereididae_Perinereis_pictilis_Fiji.jpg Nereididae_Platynereis_22936.jpg Nereididae_Platynereis_sp.jpg Nereididae_Platynereis_sp_22936.jpg Nereididae_Platynereis_sp_d9689.jpg Nereididae_Simplisetia_lizardensis.jpg Nereididae_Simplisetia_sp_1AL_W26264_whole_body_in_tube.jpg Nereididae_Plate.jpg         $                                                                                                                               Nerillidae_.jpg Nerillidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Ocnerodrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Oenonidae.jpg Oenonidae_.jpg Oenonidae__.jpg Oenonidae_Arabella_iricolor.jpg Oenonidae_Arabellonereis_broomensis.jpg Oenonidae_Drilonereis_australiensis.jpg Oenonidae_Oenone_fulgida.jpg Oenonidae_Oenone_fulgida_.jpg Oenonidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                   Onuphidae.jpg Onuphidae_Diopatra_hanleyi_W26314_whole_body.jpg Onuphidae_Diopatra_maculata.jpg Onuphidae_Dioptra_lilliputiana.jpg Onuphidae_Dipoatra_amboinensis.jpg Onuphidae_Dipoatra_amboinesis_regen.jpg Onuphidae_Onuphis_sp_.jpg Onuphidae_Diopatra_dentata.jpg Onuphidae_Diopatra_dentata_.jpg Onuphidae_Diopatra_ornata.jpg Onuphidae_Longibrachium_arariensis.jpg Onuphidae_Plate_NEW.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Opheliidae.jpg Opheliidae_.jpg Opheliidae__.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia__sp___.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_broomensis.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_dolio_n_sp.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_laminosa_n_sp.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_sp.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_sp_.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_sp__.jpg Opheliidae_Armandia_sp___.jpg Opheliidae_Ophelina_cyprophilia.jpg Opheliidae_Ophelina_cyprophilia_tail.jpg Opheliidae_Polyophthalmus_indet_1.jpg Opheliidae_Polyophthalmus_sp.jpg Opheliidae_Plate.jpg                                           ?                                                                                                                              Orbinidae_Leodamas_sp_W26309_whole_body.jpg Orbiniidae.jpg Orbiniidae_.jpg Orbiniidae_Leitoscoloplos_sp_.jpg Orbiniidae_Scoloplos_sp.jpg Orbiniidae_Naineris_laevigata.jpg Orbiniidae_Phylo_felix.jpg Orbiniidae_Plate_1.gif Orbiniidae_Plate_2.jpg Orbiniidae_Scoloplos_normalis.jpg Orbiniidae_Leitoscoloplos_pugettensis.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                Orobdellidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oweniidae_Gnathowenia_sp.jpg Oweniidae_Owenia_mirrawa.jpg Oweniidae_Owenia_mirrawa_W26249_head_end.jpg Oweniidae_Owenia_mirrawa_W26249_whole_body.jpg Oweniidae_Galathowenia_oculata.jpg Oweniidae_Owenia_johnsoni.jpg Oweniidae_Owenia_sp.jpg Oweniidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                              l                                                                                                                               Ozobranchidae_Ozobranchus_branchiatus.jpg Ozobranchidae_Ozobranchus_jantseanus_1.jpg Ozobranchidae_Plate.gif                    F                                                                                                                               Paralacydoniidae_Plate.gif Paralacydoniidae_Paralacydonia_websteri.jpg                                                          d                                                                                                                               Paraonidae_Allia_sp.jpg Paraonidae_Allia_sp_.jpg Paraonidae_Aricidea_ramosa.jpg Paraonidae_Plate.gif                            ?                                                                                                                               Parergodrilidae_Stygocapitella_sp.jpg Parergodrilidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                Parvidrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pectinariidae.jpg Pectinariidae_Pectinaria_koreni.jpg Pectinariidae_Pectinaria_koreni_.jpg Pectinariidae_Pectinaria_sp.jpg Pectinariidae_QLD2186_LI10005a_Eunice.jpg Pectinariidae_QLD2186_LI10005a_Eunice_.jpg Pectinariidae_Plate.jpg                         A                                                                                                                               Phreodrilidae_Plate.jpg <@subject {\rtf\ansi\pard\plain{}\par{}}>                                                                                                                                                                                             Phyllodocida.jpg Phyllodocidae.jpg Phyllodocidae_.jpg Phyllodocidae__.jpg Phyllodocidae__22787.jpg Phyllodocidae__23323.jpg Phyllodocidae__d3108.jpg Phyllodocidae__d3697.jpg Phyllodocidae__d3809.jpg Phyllodocidae__d13091.jpg Phyllodocidae_2397.jpg Phyllodocidae_Eteone_sp.jpg Phyllodocidae_Eulalia_viridis.jpg Phyllodocidae_Nereiphyla_sp___.jpg Phyllodocidae_Nereiphylla_sp_.jpg Phyllodocidae_Nereiphylla_sp__.jpg Phyllodocidae_Ningaloo_09_MIWA1009.jpg Phyllodocidae_Ningaloo_09_MIWA1044.jpg Phyllodocidae_Phyllodoce_sp_CG18_06.jpg Phyllodocodae_Phyllodoce_sp__.jpg Phyllodocydae_Ningaloo_sp_.jpg Phyllodocidae_Plate.jpg Phyllodocidae_Brunswick_River_DRiek_13.jpg Phyllodocidae_Phyllodoce_novaehollandiae_HastingsPt_DRiek_wo352.jpg Phyllodocidae_Phyllodoce_citrina_copy.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Alciopidae.jpg Alciopidae_Plate.gif Alciopidae_Rhynchonereella_.jpg <@imagenotes x=927 y=50 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Florida Museum of Natural History.\par{}Location: United States, Washington, San Juan County, San Juan Island, off dock.\par{}> Alciopidae_Rhynchonereella__.jpg <@imagenotes x=921 y=39 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Florida Museum of Natural History.\par{}Location: United States, Washington, San Juan County, San Juan Island, off dock.>      f                                                                                                                              Pilargidae_ASYM0019_2_Pilargis_verrucosa_France_2018.jpg Pilargidae_Hermundura_gladstonensis.jpg Pilargidae_Pilargis_verrucosa_France_2018_ASYM0052.jpg Pilargidae_Pilargis_verrucosa_France_2018_ASYM0107.jpg Pilargidae_Sigambra_pettiboneae.jpg Pilargidae_Synelmis_sp.jpg Pilargidae_Synelmis_sp_.jpg Pilargidae_Plate.jpg Pilargidae_Antonbruuninae_New_Plate.gif                          5                                                                                                                              Piscicolidae_ASYM6280_Marine_leech_off_skate_or_ray_W_Norway_2012.jpg Piscicolidae_.jpg Piscicolidae_Branchellion_borealis.jpg Piscicolidae_Branchellion_torpedinis.jpg Piscicolidae_Calliobdella_lophii.jpg Piscicolidae_Piscicola_sp.jpg Piscicolidae_Plate.gif Hirudinea_Piscicolidae_Branchellion_pindolaorum.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                          Poecilochaetidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Polygordiidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Polynoidae.jpg Polynoidae_.jpg Polynoidae__.jpg Polynoidae____.jpg Polynoidae_____.jpg Polynoidae__B2749_d1354.jpg Polynoidae__B5652_d12023.jpg Polynoidae__d9795.jpg Polynoidae__d11794.jpg Polynoidae__d13078.jpg Polynoidae_09_MIWA1045.jpg Polynoidae_brwo384.jpg Polynoidae_brwo390.jpg Polynoidae_d05717_B1021.jpg Polynoidae_d06997_B1253.jpg Polynoidae_d08656_B1553.jpg Polynoidae_GOD4875.jpg Polynoidae_Lepidasthenia_sp_head_Lizard_Is_Alexander_Semenov.jpg Polynoidae_Lepidasthenia_sp_Lizard_Is_Alexander_Semenov.jpg Polynoidae_Lepidonotus_glaucus.jpg Polynoidae_Lepidonotus_glaucus_.jpg Polynoidae_Lepidonotus_sp_2.jpg Polynoidae_Lepidonotus_squamatus_.jpg Polynoidae_Ningaloo_.jpg Polynoidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                Pontodoridae_Plate.gif                                                                                                          <                                                                                                                               Praobdellidae_Plate.gif Hirudinidae_Limnobdella_olivacea.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                   Propappidae_Plate_New.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Protodrilidae_Protodrilus_puniceus_AM.jpg Protodrilidae_Plate.jpg Protodrilidae_Protodrilus_.jpg Protodrilidae_Protodrilus__.jpg Protodrilidae_Protodrilus_adhaerens.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Protodriloididae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Psammodrilidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Randiellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Rhinodrillidae_New_PLate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sabellariidae_Lygdamis_nasutus_n._sp.jpg Sabellariidae_Neosabellaria_cementarium.jpg Sabellariidae_Neosabellaria_cementarium_.jpg Sabellariidae_Phragmatopoma_virgini.jpg Sabellariidae_Plate.jpg Sabellariidae_Sabellaria_alveolata.jpg Sabellariidae_Sabellaria_alveolata_.jpg Sabellariidae_Sabellaria_vulgaris.jpg Sabellariidae_ASYM0062_2_Sabellaria_alveolata_France_2018.jpg Sabellariidae_Lygdamis_PNGa_Photo_Eunice_AM.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sabellidae.jpg Sabellidae_.jpg Sabellidae__.jpg Sabellidae__d4299.jpg Sabellidae__d7911.jpg Sabellidae__d9465.jpg Sabellidae_1_Ningaloo_09.jpg Sabellidae_2_Ningaloo_09.jpg Sabellidae_3_Ningaloo_09.jpg Sabellidae_Bispira_porifera_Ningaloo_09.jpg Sabellidae_d12945.jpg Sabellidae_Ningaloo_09.jpg Sabellidae_Notaulax_sp.jpg Sabellidae_Notaulax_sp_.jpg Sabellidae_sabella_spallanzanii_body.jpg Sabellidae_sabella_spallanzanii_thorax.jpg Sabellidae_Branchioma_arctica_.jpg Sabellidae_Bispira_manicata_Ningaloo_09_MIWA1015#4.jpg Sabellidae_Megalomma_Ningaloo_09_MIWA1015#2.jpg Sabellidae_Pseudopotamilla_reniformis.jpg Sabellidae_Sabellastarte_Ningaloo_09_MIWA1015#15.jpg Sabellidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Saccocirridae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Salifidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                             S                                                                                                                              Scalibregmatidae_Hyboscolex_sp_no1.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Hyboscolex_sp_no1a.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Oligobregma_sp_AM.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Hyboscolex_pacificus.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Polyphysia_crassa.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Scalibregma_californicum.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Scalibregma_californicum_.jpg Scalibregmatidae_Scalibregmatinae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                            Travisiidae_Travisia_sp.jpg Travisiidae_Travisia_brevis.jpg Travisiidae_Travisia_gigas.jpg Travisiidae_(Scalibregmatidae)_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Semiscolecidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sepulidae_Lizard_Island.jpg Serpulidae_Circeis_amoricana.jpg Serpulidae_Hydroides_santaecrucis_body_dorsal.jpg Serpulidae_Hydroides_santaecrucis_CG.jpg Serpulidae_Josephella_marenzelleri_G236.jpg Serpulidae_Josephella_marenzelleri_G240.jpg Serpulidae_Metavermilia_acanthophora_G240.jpg Serpulidae_Metavermilia_nates_G246.jpg Serpulidae_Moorea_2010_C_Glasby.jpg Serpulidae_Protula_sp_.jpg Serpulidae_Spirobranchus_sp_Ningaloo_WA_2.jpg Serpulidae_Spirorbinae_Circeis_armoricana.jpg Serpulidae_Spirorbis_sp.jpg Serpulidae_uschokovi_body_combined_Z5.jpg Serpulidae_Spirobranchus_corrugatus_removed_from_tube_G246.jpg Serpulidae_Hydroides_santaecrucis_body_lat.jpg Serpulidae_Plate_1.gif Serpulidae_Plate_2.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Frenulata_Plate.gif                                                                                                2                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Osedax_.jpg Siboglinidae_Osedax_2.jpg                                                                              "                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Sclerolinum_Plate.gif                                                                                              W                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Vestimentifera_Plate.gif Siboglinidae_Vestimentifera_Riftia_pachyptila.jpg                                                                                                                                                                        Sigalionidae__.jpg Sigalionidae___.jpg Sigalionidae__d8269.jpg Sigalionidae_Labioleanira_sp_1.jpg Sigalionidae_sp_red_head3_PS_LI_April_08.jpg Sigalionidae_Sthenelais_sp_1_Marc.jpg Sigallonidae_d07598_B1339.jpg                                              K                                                                                                                               Sigallonidae_d07598_B1339.jpg <@item x=560 y=806 w=298 h=59 t=lateral view>                                                     z                                                                                                                               Pholoidae_Pholoe_minuta.jpg <@item x=208 y=863 w=266 h=64 t=ventral view> Pholoidae_Pholoe_minuta_.jpg Pholoidae_Plate.jpg      !                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_pisionines_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Sigalionidae_Fimbriosthenelais_sp_1AL_W36311_head_end.jpg Sigalionidae_Fimbriosthenelais_sp_IMG_5746.jpg Sigalionidae_Fimbriosthenelais_sp_no2.jpg Sigalionidae__.jpg Sigalionidae___.jpg Sigalionidae__d8269.jpg Sigalionidae_Labioleanira_sp_1.jpg Sigalionidae_Pholoides_asperus_.jpg Sigalionidae_Pholoides_Plate.gif Sigalionidae_sigalionines_Plate.jpg Sigalionidae_sp_red_head3_PS_LI_April_08.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Antillesomatidae_Antillesoma_antillarum.jpg <@imagenotes x=891 y=29 t=Identification: Species identification confirmed by Anja Schulze.\par{}Location: Panama, Bocas Del Toro.> Sipuncula_Antillesomatidae_mod.jpg                                                                                                                                                                             Aspidosiphonidae_Aspidosiphon_laevis.jpg Aspidosiphonidae_Aspidosiphon_steenstrupi.jpg Aspidosiphonidae_Aspidosiphon_steenstrupii.jpg Aspidosiphonidae_Plate_mod.jpg                                                                                            b                                                                                                                              Golfingiidae_Golfingia_elongata.jpg Golfingiidae_Golfingia_vulgaris.jpg Golfingiidae_Golfingia_vulgaris_.jpg Golfingiidae_Golfingia_vulgaris__.jpg Golfingiidae_Golfingia_vulgaris___.jpg Golfingiidae_Golfingia_vulgaris_body.jpg Golfingiidae_Golfingia_vulgaris_head.jpg Golfingidae_Plate.jpg Golfingidae_Golfingia_sp_AM.jpg Golfingidae_Phascolion_sp_AM.jpg                              j                                                                                                                              Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_nigrescens.jpg Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_nigrescens_.jpg Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_perlucens_.jpg Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_scolops.jpg Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_scolops_.jpg Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_scolops__.jpg Phascolosoma_Plate_mod.jpg Phascolosomatidae_Phascolosoma_arcuatum_DarwinHarbour_Wadeye.jpg                                                                                                                                                     Siphonosomatidae_Final_mod.jpg                                                                                                  S                                                                                                                              Sipunculidae.jpg Sipuncula_Sipunculus_sp_AM.jpg Sipunculidae_130416_Sipunculus_norvegicus_1.jpg Sipunculidae_130416_Sipunculus_norvegicus_3.jpg Sipunculidae_130416_Sipunculus_norvegicus_4.jpg Sipunculidae_153042_Sipunculus_norvegicus_1.jpg Sipunculidae_153044_Sipunculus_norvegicus_1.jpg Sipunculidae_mod.jpg Sipuncula_Sipunculus_sp_AM.jpg                                                                                                                                                                            Sparganophilidae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Sphaerodoridae_ASYM6861v3_Sphaerodoropsis_dl_off_W_Norway_2012.jpg Sphaerodoridae_ASYM6870v2_Sphaerodoropsis_off_W_Norway_2012.jpg Sphaerodoridae_Plate_1.jpg Sphaerodoridae_Plate_2.jpg                                                                        I                                                                                                                               Spintheridae_Plate.jpg Spinther_sp.jpg Spintheridae_Spinther_citrinus.jpg                                                       5                                                                                                                              Spionidae_Polydora_sp_Lizard_Island_Alexander_Semenov.jpg Spionidae_Spio_blakei.jpg Spionidae_Boccardia_pugettensis.jpg Spionidae_Boccardia_pugettensis_.jpg Spionidae_Boccardiella_hamata.jpg Spionidae_Laonice_cirrata.jpg Spionidae_Laonice_cirrata_.jpg Spionidae_Plate.jpg Spionidae_Malacoceros_indicus_mod.jpg                                                                           D                                                                                                                              Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_sp_dorsal_view_AM.jpg Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_sp_ventral_view_AM.jpg Sternaspidae_Plate.gif Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_affinis.jpg Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_affinis_.jpg Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_affinis__.jpg Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_affinis___.jpg Sternaspidae_Sternaspis_laevis_minor_C_Glasby_P2250024.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                          Syllidae___.jpg Syllidae____.jpg Syllidae__22848.jpg Syllidae__22864.jpg Syllidae__d3906.jpg Syllidae__d8815.jpg Syllidae__d9478.jpg Syllidae__d11707.jpg Syllidae__d12026.jpg Syllidae__d16972.jpg Syllidae_Autolytus_sp.jpg Syllidae_B3627_d4316.jpg Syllidae_Moorea_2010_C_Glasby.jpg Syllidae_Pterosyllis_finmarchica.jpg Syllidae_sp_red_stripe_body-b_PS_LI_April_08.jpg Syllidae_Trypanosyllis_krohnii_.jpg Syllidae_Plate_1.gif Syllidae_Plate_2.jpg Syllidae_Trypanosyllis_krohnii_May2016.jpg                                                                                                                                                        Syngenodrilidae_Plate.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Terebellidae_.jpg Terebellidae__B2561_d812.jpg Terebellidae__d8363.jpg Terebellidae__d10739.jpg Terebellidae__d11949.jpg Terebellidae_Euplymnia_koorangia_.jpg Terebellidae_Loimia_ochracea.jpg Terebellidae_Loimia_sp_.jpg Terebellidae_Loimia_sp_Lizard_Is_Alexander_Semenov.jpg Terebellidae_Reteterebella_queenslandia.jpg Terebellidae_Thelepus_sp.jpg Terebellidae_Thelepus_sp_East_Point_CG_17-03.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001901.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001905.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001909.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001910.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001914.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001945.jpg Terebellidae_Z0002168.jpg Terebellidae_Eupolymnia_koorangia.jpg Terebellidae_Broad_Concept_Plate.jpg Terebellidae_Polycirrus_sp_IMG_0074.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                          Terebellidae_Amaena_sp.jpg Terebellidae_Hauchiella_Moorea_2010_C_Glasby.jpg Terebellidae_Hauchiella_sp_CG07-07_body_clean.jpg Terebellidae_Polycirrinae_Plate.jpg Terebellidae_Polycirrus_sp_IMG_0074.jpg                                                       >                                                                                                                              Terebellidae_Terebellinae_Plate.jpg Terebellidae_.jpg Terebellidae__B2561_d812.jpg Terebellidae__d8363.jpg Terebellidae__d10739.jpg Terebellidae__d11949.jpg Terebellidae_Euplymnia_koorangia_.jpg Terebellidae_Eupolymnia_koorangia.jpg Terebellidae_Loimia_ochracea.jpg Terebellidae_Loimia_sp_.jpg Terebellidae_Reteterebella_queenslandia.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001901.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001905.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001909.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001910.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001914.jpg Terebellidae_Z0001945.jpg Terebellidae_Z0002168.jpg Terebellidae_Loimia_sp_Lizard_Is_Alexander_Semenov.jpg                                                                  q                                                                                                                               Terebellidae_Thelepus_sp.jpg Terebellidae_Thelepus_sp_East_Point_CG_17-03.jpg Terebellidae_Thelepodinae_Plate.jpg               6                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae__d9982.jpg Thalassematidae__d13605.jpg                                                                          !                                                                                                                              Bonelliidae.jpg Bonelliidae_.jpg Bonelliidae_Metabonellia_haswelli.jpg Bonelliidae_Metabonellia_haswelli_.jpg Bonelliidae_Metabonellia_haswelli___.jpg Bonellidae_Alomasoma_sp_AM.jpg Bonellidae_AM.jpg Bonellidae_Maxmuelleria_sp_AM.jpg Bonelliidae_1.jpg Thalassematidae_Bonelliinae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Echiuridae_Arhynchite_pugettensis.jpg Echiuridae_Echiurus_sitchaensis.jpg Echiuridae_Echiurus_sitchaensis_.jpg Thalassematidae_Echiurinae_Plate.gif                                                                                                             `                                                                                                                               Ikedidae_Ikeda_taenioides.jpg Thalassematidae_Ikedinae_Plate.gif Ikedidae_Ikeda_taenioides_2.jpg                                c                                                                                                                              Thalassematidae_ASYM1049_Thalassema_thalassema_Looe_England_2017.jpg Thalassematidae_Listriolobus_sp.jpg Thalassematidae_Ochetostoma__B5499_d11093.jpg Thalassematidae_Anelassorhynchus_porcellus.jpg Thalassematidae_Ochetostoma_erythrogrammon.jpg Thalassematidae_Thalassematinae_Plate.gif Thalassematidae_ASYM1098_Thalassema_thalassema_Looe_England_2017.jpg                             \                                                                                                                               Urechidae_Urechis_caupo.jpg Urechidae_Urechis_caupo_.jpg Thalassematidae_Urechinae_Final.gif                                                                                                                                                                   Tiguassidae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Tomopteridae_Tomopteris_sp_GOD2643.jpg Tomopteridae_Tomopteris_sp_Planktonic_polychaete_worm.jpg Tomopteridae_Tomopteris_helgolandica.jpg Tomopteridae_Plate.gif                                                                                                V                                                                                                                              Trichobranchidae_Plate_1.gif Trichobranchidae_Plate_2.jpg Trichobranchidae_Terebellides_akares_n_sp_AM_W_45450_MI_QLD_2445.jpg Trichobranchidae_Terebellides_californica.jpg Trichobranchidae_Terebellides_californica_.jpg Trichobranchidae_Terebellides_reishi.jpg Trichobranchidae_Terebellides_woolawa.jpg Trichobrancidae_Terebelides_stroemi.jpg                                                                                                                                                                         Tritogeniidae_Plate_NEW.jpg                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Trochochaetidae_Trochochaetus_sp_dorsal_Arafura_Sea.jpg Trochochaetidae_Trochochaetus_sp_lateral_Arafura_Sea.jpg Trochochaetidae_Trochochaeta_multisetosa.jpg Trochochaetidae_Trochochaeta_multisetosa_.jpg Trochochaetidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                          Tumakidae_Plate_NEW2.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Typhloscolecidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Uncispionidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Xerobdellidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yndolaciidae_Plate.gif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
                         "  $  &  (  *  ,  .  0  2  4  6  8  :  <  >  @  B  D  F  H  J  L  N  P  R  T  V  X  Z  \  ^  `  b  d  f  h  j  l  n  p  r  t  v  x  z  |  ~                                                                                                                                             
                         "  $  &  (  *  ,  .  0  2  4  6  8  :  <  >                                                                                                          1                                                                                                                               Aberrantidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               5                                                                                                                               Acanthobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           4                                                                                                                               Acanthodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            .                                                                                                                               Acoetidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  1                                                                                                                               Acrocirridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               3                                                                                                                               Aeolosomatidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             1                                                                                                                               Alluroididae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               ,                                                                                                                               Almidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                    1                                                                                                                               Alvinellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               5                                                                                                                               Americobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           1                                                                                                                               Ampharetidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               1                                                                                                                               Amphinomidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               1                                                                                                                               Aphroditidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               5                                                                                                                               Apistobranchidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           1                                                                                                                               Arenicolidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               1                                                                                                                               Biwadrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               6                                                                                                                               Branchiobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                          5                                                                                                                               Capilloventridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           1                                                                                                                               Capitellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               3                                                                                                                               Chaetopteridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             ?                                                                                                                               Chrysopetalidae_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                 @                                                                                                                               Chrysopetalidae_Calamyzinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                D                                                                                                                               Chrysopetalidae_Chrysopetalinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                            A                                                                                                                               Chrysopetalidae_Dysponetinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                               1                                                                                                                               Cirratulidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               /                                                                                                                               Cossuridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 1                                                                                                                               Criodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               2                                                                                                                               Ctenodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              3                                                                                                                               Cyclobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             5                                                                                                                               Cyclicobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           1                                                                                                                               Dinophilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               2                                                                                                                               Diurodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              1                                                                                                                               Dorvilleidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               1                                                                                                                               Dorydrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               2                                                                                                                               Enchytraeidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              2                                                                                                                               Erpobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              /                                                                                                                               Eudrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 1                                                                                                                               Eulepethidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               .                                                                                                                               Eunicidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  2                                                                                                                               Euphrosinidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              0                                                                                                                               Fabriciidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                3                                                                                                                               Fauveliopsidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             4                                                                                                                               Flabelligeridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            9                                                                                                                               Gastrostomobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                       4                                                                                                                               Glossiphoniidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            5                                                                                                                               Glossoscolecidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           /                                                                                                                               Glyceridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 /                                                                                                                               Goniadidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 2                                                                                                                               Haemadipsidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              1                                                                                                                               Haplotaxidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               4                                                                                                                               Hartmaniellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            /                                                                                                                               Hesionidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 0                                                                                                                               Hirudinidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                5                                                                                                                               Histriobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           3                                                                                                                               Hormogastridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             2                                                                                                                               Hrabeiellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              /                                                                                                                               Iospilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 /                                                                                                                               Iphionidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 .                                                                                                                               Kynotidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  1                                                                                                                               Lacydoniidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               5                                                                                                                               Lobatocerebridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           3                                                                                                                               Longosomatidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             6                                                                                                                               Lopadorrhynchidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                          0                                                                                                                               Lumbricidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                2                                                                                                                               Lumbriculidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              2                                                                                                                               Lumbrineridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              1                                                                                                                               Lutodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               0                                                                                                                               Magelonidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                /                                                                                                                               Maldanidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 3                                                                                                                               Megascolecidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             /                                                                                                                               Melinnidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 3                                                                                                                               Microchaetidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             5                                                                                                                               Microphthalmidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           4                                                                                                                               Moniligastridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            0                                                                                                                               Myzostomida.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                -                                                                                                                               Naididae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                   6                                                                                                                               Naididae_Naidinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                          <                                                                                                                               Naididae_Opistocystinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                    9                                                                                                                               Naididae_Pristininae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                       9                                                                                                                               Naididae_Tubificinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                       .                                                                                                                               Narapidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  /                                                                                                                               Nephtyidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 /                                                                                                                               Nereididae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 /                                                                                                                               Nerillidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 3                                                                                                                               Ocnerodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             .                                                                                                                               Oenonidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  .                                                                                                                               Onuphidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  /                                                                                                                               Opheliidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 /                                                                                                                               Orbiniidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 1                                                                                                                               Orobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               .                                                                                                                               Oweniidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  2                                                                                                                               Ozobranchidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              5                                                                                                                               Paralacydoniidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           /                                                                                                                               Paraonidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 4                                                                                                                               Parergodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            2                                                                                                                               Parvidrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              2                                                                                                                               Pectinariidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              2                                                                                                                               Phreodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              =                                                                                                                               Phyllodocidae_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                   F                                                                                                                               Phyllodocidae_Eteoninae_Alciopini.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                          /                                                                                                                               Pilargidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 1                                                                                                                               Piscicolidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               5                                                                                                                               Poecilochaetidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           2                                                                                                                               Polygordiidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              /                                                                                                                               Polynoidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 1                                                                                                                               Pontodoridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               2                                                                                                                               Praobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              0                                                                                                                               Propappidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                2                                                                                                                               Protodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              5                                                                                                                               Protodriloididae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           3                                                                                                                               Psammodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             1                                                                                                                               Randiellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               2                                                                                                                               Rhinodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              2                                                                                                                               Sabellariidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              /                                                                                                                               Sabellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 2                                                                                                                               Saccocirridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              .                                                                                                                               Salifidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  F                                                                                                                               Scalibregmatidae_Scalibregmatinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                          A                                                                                                                               Scalibregmatidae_Travisiidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                               3                                                                                                                               Semiscolecidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             /                                                                                                                               Serpulidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                 <                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                    ;                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Frenulata.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                     8                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Osedax.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                        <                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Monilifera.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                    @                                                                                                                               Siboglinidae_Vestimentifera.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                <                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                    >                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_Pelogeniinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                  ;                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_Pholoinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                     <                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_Pisioninae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                    >                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_Sigalioninae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                  B                                                                                                                               Sigalionidae_Sthenelanellinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                              9                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                       ?                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_Antillesomatidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                 ?                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_Aspidosiphonidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                 ;                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_Golfingiidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                     @                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_Phascolosomatidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                ?                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_Siphonosomatidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                 ;                                                                                                                               Sipuncula_Sipunculidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                     5                                                                                                                               Sparganophilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           3                                                                                                                               Sphaerodoridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                             1                                                                                                                               Spintheridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               .                                                                                                                               Spionidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  1                                                                                                                               Sternaspidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               -                                                                                                                               Syllidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                   4                                                                                                                               Syngenodrilidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            <                                                                                                                               Terebellidae_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                    =                                                                                                                               Terebellidae_Polycirrini.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                   >                                                                                                                               Terebellidae_Terebellinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                  >                                                                                                                               Terebellidae_Thelepodinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                  ?                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae_sensu_lato.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                 @                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae_Bonelliinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                ?                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae_Echiurinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                 =                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae_Ikedinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                   D                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae_Thalassematinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                            >                                                                                                                               Thalassematidae_Urechinae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                  0                                                                                                                               Tiguassidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                1                                                                                                                               Tomopteridae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                               5                                                                                                                               Trichobranchidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           2                                                                                                                               Tritogeniidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              4                                                                                                                               Trochochaetidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                            .                                                                                                                               Tumakidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                  5                                                                                                                               Typhloscolecidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                           2                                                                                                                               Uncispionidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              2                                                                                                                               Xerobdellidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                              1                                                                                                                               Yndolaciidae.rtf <@subject Formatted description>                                                                                                                                                                                                             