Empire of Brazil
Império do Brasil
1822–1889
The flag of the Second Empire consisting of a green field in the center of which is a golden lozenge containing the Imperial coat of arms
Flag (1870–1889)
Coat of arms consisting of a shield with a green field with a golden armillary sphere superimposed on the red and white Cross of the Order of Christ, surrounded by a blue band with 20 silver stars; the bearers are two arms of a wreath, with a coffee branch on the left and a flowering tobacco branch on the right; and above the shield is an arched golden and jeweled crown
Grand Imperial Arms
Motto: Independência ou Morte!
"Independence or Death!"
Anthem: Hino da Independência(1822–1831)
"Anthem of Independence"

Hino Nacional Brasileiro(1831–1889)
"Brazilian National Anthem"
Map of South America with the Empire of Brazil highlighted in green
Empire of Brazil at its largest territorial extent, 1822–1828, including former Cisplatina province
CapitalRio de Janeiro
Common languagesPortuguese
Religion
Roman Catholicism (official)
GovernmentParliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
Emperor 
• 1822–1831
Pedro I
• 1831–1889
Pedro II
Prime Minister 
• 1843–1844(de facto)
Marquis of Paraná
• 1847–1848(first)
2nd Viscount of Caravelas
• 1889(last)
Viscount of Ouro Preto
LegislatureNone (rule by decree)
(until 1826)
General Assembly
(1826-1889)
• Upper house
Senate
(from 1826)
• Lower house
Chamber of Deputies
(from 1826)
Historical era19th century
• Independence
7 September 1822
• Accession of Pedro I
12 October 1822
• Imperial Constitution
25 March 1824
• Accession of Pedro II
7 April 1831
• Regency
7 April 1831
• Abolition of slavery
13 May 1888
• Monarchy abolished
15 November 1889
Area
18898,337,218 km2(3,219,018 sq mi)
Population
• 1823
4,000,000
• 1854
7,000,700
• 1872
9,930,479
• 1890
14,333,915
CurrencyReal
Preceded by
Succeeded by
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
Kingdom of Brazil
First Brazilian Republic
Uruguay
Today part ofBrazil
Uruguay