Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt
الأيوبيون
ئەیووبی
Eyûbî
1171–1260a/1341
Flag of Ayyubids
Saladin's Standard.svg
Left: Banner of the Ayyubid Dynasty
Right: Reconstruction of Saladin's personal standard
Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt (in pink) at the death of Saladin in 1193
Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt (in pink) at the death of Saladin in 1193
StatusSovereign state
(1171–1260)
Capital
  • Cairo (1171–1174)
  • Damascus (1174–1218)
  • Cairo (1218–1250)
  • Aleppo (1250–1260)
  • Hama (until 1341)
Common languages
  • Arabic
  • Kurdish
Religion
  • Sunni Islam
  • School: Shafi'i
  • Creed: Ash'ari
GovernmentSultanate (princely confederation) under Abbasid Caliphate
Sultan 
• 1174–1193
Saladin (first)
• 1193–1198
Al-Aziz
• 1198–1200
Al-Mansur
• 1200–1218
Al-Adil I
• 1218–1238
Al-Kamil
• 1238–1240
Al-Adil II
• 1240–1249
As-Salih Ayyub
• 1250–1250
Shajar al-durr
• 1250–1254
Al-Ashraf
History 
• Established
1171
• Disestablished
1260a/1341
Area
1190 est.2,000,000 km2(770,000 sq mi)
1200 est.1,700,000 km2(660,000 sq mi)
Population
• 12th century
7,200,000 (estimate)c
CurrencyDinar, Dirham
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Fatimid Caliphate
Zengid dynasty
Kingdom of Jerusalem
Zurayids
Kingdom of Georgia
Shah-Armens
Artuqids
Mamluk Sultanate
Rasulid dynasty
Emirate of Hasankeyf
Principality of Donboli
Emirate of Şirvan
Emirate of Kilis
Emirate of Bingöl
Rasulid dynasty
aA branch of the Ayyubid dynasty ruled Hisn Kayfa until the early 16th century.
bFor details of the languages spoken by the Ayyubid rulers and their subjects, see § Religion, ethnicity and language below.
cThe total population of the Ayyubid territories is unknown. This population figure only includes Egypt, Syria, Upper Mesopotamia, Palestine and Transjordan. Other Ayyubid territories, including coastal areas of Yemen, the Hejaz, Nubia and Cyrenaica are not included.