 Tokyo, the financial center of Japan |
Currency | Japanese yen (JPY, ¥) |
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Fiscal year | 1 April – 31 March |
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Trade organizations | APEC, WTO, CPTPP, OECD, G-20, G7 and others |
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Country group | - Developed/Advanced
- High-income economy
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Population | 125.88 million (1 October 2020 prov. est.) |
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GDP | $5.39 trillion (nominal; 2021 est.) $5.59 trillion (PPP; 2021 est.)
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GDP rank | - 3rd (nominal, 2021)
- 4th (PPP, 2021)
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GDP growth | - –4.6% (2020) 1.7% (2021e)
- 1.7% (2022f)1.3% (2023f)
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GDP per capita | $42,928 (nominal, 2021 est.) $44,585 (PPP, 2021 est.)
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GDP per capita rank | - 32nd (nominal, 2021)
- 43rd (PPP, 2021)
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GDP by sector | - Agriculture: 1.1%
- Industry: 30.1%
- Services: 68.7%
- (2017 est.)
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GDP by component | - Household consumption: 55.5%
- Government consumption: 19.6%
- Investment in fixed capital: 24%
- Investment in inventories: 0%
- Exports of goods and services: 17.7%
- Imports of goods and services: −16.8%
- (2017 est.)
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Inflation (CPI) | −0.1% (2020 est.) |
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Population belowpoverty line | - 5.5% (2020)
- 0.7% on less than $1.90/day (2013)
- 0.9% on less than $3.20/day (2013)
- 1.2% on less than $5.50/day (2013)
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Gini coefficient | 33.9medium(2015) |
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Human Development Index | 0.919very high(2019) (19th) 0.843very highIHDI (2019)
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Labor force | 68.7 million (August 2020) 60.3% employment rate (August 2020)
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Labor force by occupation | - Agriculture: 3%
- Industry: 25%
- Services: 72%
- (FY 2018)
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Unemployment | 3.0% (August 2020) 4.7% youth unemployment (15 to 24 year-olds; August 2020) 2.1 million unemployed (August 2020)
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Main industries | - Motor vehicles
- Electronics
- machine tools
- steel
- nonferrous metals
- ships
- chemicals
- textiles
- processed foods
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Ease-of-doing-business rank | 29th (very easy, 2020) |
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Exports | $728.931 billion (2021) |
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Export goods | - Transport Equipment 21.0%
- Machinery 19.9%
- Electrical Machinery 18.7%
- Chemicals 12.4%
- Manufactured Goods 10.4%
- Raw Materials 1.7%
- Foodstuff 1.3%
- Mineral Fuels 0.8%
- Others 13.8%
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Main export partners | China 22.1% United States 18.4% ASEAN 14.4% European Union 9.2% South Korea 7.0% Taiwan 6.9% Hong Kong 5.0% Australia 1.9%- Others 15.1%
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Imports | $742.094 billion (2021) |
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Import goods | - Electrical Machinery 17.6%
- Mineral Fuels 16.6%
- Machinery 10.5%
- Foodstuff 9.9%
- Chemicals 9.9%
- Manufactured Goods 9.3%
- Raw Materials 6.9%
- Transport Equipment 5.0%
- Others 14.4%
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Main import partners | China 25.8% ASEAN 15.7% European Union 11.4% United States 11.0% Australia 5.6% South Korea 4.2% Taiwan 4.2% Saudi Arabia 2.9%- Others 19.2%
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FDI stock | $310.31 billion (December 2019) Abroad: $1.858 trillion (December 2019)
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Current account | − $13.156 billion (2021) |
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Grossexternal debt | $4.700 trillion (September 2020 est.) |
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Public debt | 237.6% of GDP (2017 est.) |
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Budget balance | −3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.) |
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Revenues | 1.714 trillion (2017 est.) |
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Expenses | 1.885 trillion (2017 est.) |
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Economic aid | donor: ODA, $10.37 billion (2016) |
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Credit rating | - Standard & Poor's:
- A+ (Domestic)
- A+ (Foreign)
- AA+ (T&C Assessment)
- Outlook: Stable
- Moody's:
- A1
- Outlook: Stable
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Foreign reserves | $1.389 trillion (October 2020) |
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Main data source:CIA World Fact Book All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars. |