Biodiversity Literature Repository

Submit to community
Liberated Data
Published December 31, 2005 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Hydromedusae of the Agulhas Current

Creators

Description

Buecher, Emmanuelle, Goy, Jacqueline, J, Mark, Gibbons (2005): Hydromedusae of the Agulhas Current. African Invertebrates 46: 27 - 69, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7909936

Files

source.pdf

Files (447.1 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:e27bf77c2a7e8f19972233108c2754a3
447.1 kB Preview Download

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

LSID
urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:E27BF77C2A7E8F19972233108C27FFA3
URL
http://publication.plazi.org/id/E27BF77C2A7E8F19972233108C27FFA3

Has part
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910443 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A7D8F1A96C330808851FAC5 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910447 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A7D8F1D965836B08F7AFE34 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910455 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A7A8F1D968F32CC8DCAFAEF (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910461 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A7A8F1C96BB36618E72FE14 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910467 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A7B8F1C96BF32C68851FB24 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910473 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A7B8F1F96E037D98E66FD8C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A788F1F968131408EC1FB3B (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A788F1E968E37A98E63FE8D (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910475 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A798F1E96F2325D8EC6FCDD (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910477 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A798F1196F9308D8D45FC8C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7921881 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A768F11966C30498D8CFA39 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7921879 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A768F10965E36F48836FE79 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910496 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A778F1096FF31118F27FC71 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A778F13969737148CC2FA19 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7921877 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A748F1296A836C48851FDD4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910500 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A758F1596A2318E8CC2FE84 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910506 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A728F1596AE32298DBEFC14 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910510 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A728F1596E430D98D0AFA6C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A728F14950935198839FD3D (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A738F1496EC31E58FA4F925 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910518 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A708F17968633FE8FF0FBB4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7921869 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A708F17968C37548F79F927 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7921875 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A718F1696F733DE8EB1FD54 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7921873 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A718F09969C30348ECEFE84 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910536 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6E8F0996BC32418CC2FC79 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910546 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6E8F09969737148F49F927 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910552 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6F8F08968C33FE8D2CFB94 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910557 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6F8F0B969A37748DCAFEA4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910559 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6C8F0B9696325E8F3CFC54 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910561 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6C8F0A968D372E8EB8FE0C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910563 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6D8F0A96F432F68F69FBF4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910565 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6D8F0D96C2379E8DB5FEF7 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910569 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6A8F0D9691329E8CC5FBAC (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910571 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6A8F0D968E37598EB5F921 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6B8F0C96EA33FE8851FCBC (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910573 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6B8F0C96EA30598FD1FA39 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A6B8F0F96E536D48DCAFC9C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910575 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A688F0F968930818EAFF924 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910577 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A698F0E96FE33DE8845FCF4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910579 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A698F0196EC308E882EFA3C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910583 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A668F00968336D68EF4FD34 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910591 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A678F0096C631AE8D7DFA2C (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A678F03969D36A18877FD78 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910599 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A648F039681301D8CC2F920 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910601 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A658F0296F633FE8E77FBAF (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A658F0596D537498D13FC51 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A628F0496AE370C8FCBFE84 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A638F04968532568EAEFA49 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910607 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A638F0796D535198DCDFCB4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910613 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A608F079684302E8EBEF924 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910619 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A618F06969133DE8E18FC74 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910625 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A618F3996D730EE8877FEA4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910631 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5E8F3996EF323E8D95FBDD (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5E8F3896AE37D58849FE54 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910639 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5F8F3896C2310C8E77FB6F (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910641 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5F8F3B96BA37E18831FDB4 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910643 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5C8F3B9690315C8F18FA97 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910649 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5C8F3A968736998D51FCAC (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910655 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5D8F3A96EF30568852FA41 (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7910661 (DOI)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5D8F3D96EC35198DAEFCFC (URL)
Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E428F042A5A8F3F968030B68F93FA24 (URL)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.7910254 (DOI)

References

  • AGASSIZ, A. & MAYER, A.G. 1899. Acalephs from the Fidji Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 32: 157-189.
  • ------1902. Medusae. US Fish Commission steamer "Albatross", 1899-1900. III. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 26 (3): 139-176.
  • BECKLEY, L. & VAN BALLEGOOYEN, R.C. 1992. Oceanographic conditions during three ichthyoplankton surveys of the Agulhas Current in 1990/91. South African Journal of Marine Science 12: 83-92.
  • BIGELOW, H.B. 1904. Medusae from the Maldives Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 39: 245-269.
  • ------1909. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the US Fish Commission steamer "Albatross", from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieutenant Commander L.M. Garrett, USN, Commanding. XVI The medusae. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 37: 1-243.
  • BIGELOW, R.P. 1909. A new Narcomedusa from the North Atlantic. Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole 16: 80-82.
  • BOUILLON, J. 1974. Description de Teissiera milleporoides, nouveau genre et nouvelle espece de Zancleidae des Seychelles (Hydrozoaires: Athecates - Anthomeduses), avec une revision des hydroides Pteronematoidea. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 15: 113-154.
  • ------1978a. Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Cahiers de Biologie Marine 19: 249-297.
  • ------1978b. Hydromeduses de l'archipel des Sechelles et du Mozambique. Revue de Zoologie Africaine 92: 117-172.
  • ------1980.Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie III:Anthomedusae - Filifera (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Cahiers de Biologie Marine 21: 307-344.
  • ------1984. Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee).Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1: 25-112.
  • ------1999. Hydromedusae. In: Boltovskoy, D., ed., South Atlantic Zooplankton. Leiden: Backhuys, pp. 385-465.
  • BOUILLON, J. & BOERO, F. 2000a. The Hydrozoa: a new classification in the light of old knowledge. Thalassia Salentina 24: 3-45.
  • ------2000b. Synopsis of the families and genera of the Hydromedusae of the world, with a list of the worldwide species. Thalassia Salentina 24: 47-296.
  • BOUILLON, J., BOERO, F. & SEGHERS, G. 1991. Notes aditionelles sur les meduses de Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) IV. Cahiers du Biologie Marine 32: 387-411.
  • BROWNE, E.T. 1902.A preliminary report on hydromedusae from the Falkland Islands. Annals and Magazines of the Natural History 7 (9): 272-284.
  • ------1903. Report on some medusae from Norway and Spitzbergen. Bergen Museum Arbok 4: 1-36.
  • ------1905. Hydromedusae, with a revision of the Williadae and Petasidae. Fauna and Geography of the Maldives and Laccadive Archipelagoes II (3): 742-749.
  • ------1916. Medusae from the Indian Ocean. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 17: 169-210.
  • BRINKMANN-VOSS, A. 1967. The hydroid of Vannuccia forbesii (Anthomedusae, Tubulariidae). Breviora 263: 1-10.
  • BUECHER, E. & GIBBONS, M.J. 2000. Interannual variation in the composition of the assemblages of medusae and ctenophores in St Helena Bay, Southern Benguela ecosystem. Scientia Marina 4 (1): 123- 134.
  • CARLTON, J.T. 1985. Trans-oceanic and interoceanic dispersal of coastal marine organisms - the biology of ballast water. Oceanography and marine biology. An annual review 23: 313-371.
  • CHAMISSO, A. & EYSENHARDT, C.G. 1821. De animalibus quibusdam e classe vermium Linneana. Nova Acta 10: 342-374.
  • DE DECKER, A. 1973. Agulhas Bank plankton. In: Zeitzschel, B., ed., The biology of the Indian Ocean. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 189-219.
  • DE LAFONTAINE, Y. & LEGGETT, W. 1989. Changes in size and weight of Hydromedusae during formalin preservation. Bulleltin of Marine Sciences 44: 1129-1137.
  • ESCHSCHOLTZ, F. 1829. System der Acalephen. Eine ausfuhrliche Beschreibung aller medusenartigen Strahltiere: 1-190.
  • FLEMING, J. 1823. Gleamings of natural history, gathered on the coast of Scotland during a voyage in 1821. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 8: 294-303.
  • FORBES, E. 1846. On the pulmograde medusae of the British seas. Annals and Magazines of the Natural History, Serie I 18: 284-287.
  • FORBES, E. & GOODSIR, J. 1851.On some remarkable marine invertebrates new to the British seas. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 20: 307-315.
  • FORSKAL, P. 1775. Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit. Copenhagen: C. Niebuhr.
  • GANAPATI, P.N. & NAGABHUSHANAM, R. 1958. Seasonal distribution of the Hydromedusae off the Visakhapatnam coast. Andhra University memoirs in Oceanography 62: 91-99.
  • GEGENBAUR, C. 1857. Versuch eines Systemes des Medusen, mit Beschreibung neuer oder wenig gekannter Formen; zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Fauna des Mittelmeeres. Zeitschrfit fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 8: 202-273.
  • GIBBONS, M.J. 1999. The taxonomic richness of South Africa's marine fauna: a crisis at hand. South African Journal of Science. 95: 8-12.
  • GIBBONS, M.J. & BUECHER, E. 2001. Short-term variability in the assemblage of Medusae and Ctenophores following upwelling events in the southern Benguela ecosystem. Marine Ecology Progress Series 220: 169-177.
  • GIBBONS, M.J. & HUTCHINGS, L. 1996. Zooplankton diversity and community structure around southern Africa, with special attention to the Benguela upwelling system. South African Journal of Science 92: 63-76.
  • GORDON, A.L., LUTJEHARMS, J.R.E. & GRUNDLINGH, M.L. 1987. Stratification and circulation at the Agulhas retroflexion. Deep Sea Research 34: 395-403.
  • GOY, J. & LAKKIS, S. 1991. Les meduses (Cnidaria) des eaux Libanaises. Annales de l'Institut - Oceanographique de Monaco 67: 99-128.
  • GRUNDLINGH, M.L. 1983. On the course of the Agulhas Current. South African Geographical Journal 65: 49-57.
  • HAECKEL, E. 1864. Beschreibung neuer craspedote Medusen aus dem Golfe von Nizza. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Medizin und Naturwissenschaft 1: 325-342.
  • ------1879. Das System des Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie des Medusen. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Medizin und Naturwissenschaft 12: 1-360.
  • HARTLAUB, C. 1914. Craspedote Medusen, Familie IV, Tiaridae. Nordisches Plankton, 1(3): 237-363.
  • JOHNSTON, G. 1833. Illustrations in British Zoology. Magazine of Natural History, London 6: 320-322.
  • KOLLIKER, A. 1853. Die schwimmpolypen oder Siphonophoren von Messina. Leipzig: W. Engelmann.
  • KRAMP, P.L. 1928. Papers from Dr Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914-1916. XLIII. Hydromedusae. Anthomedusae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 85: 27-64.
  • ------1939. Medusae, Siphonophora and Ctenophora. The Zoology of Iceland 2: 1-37.
  • ------1942. Medusae. The 'Godthaab' Expedition, 1928. Meddelelser om Gronland, KO benhavn 81: 1-68.
  • ------1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259-322.
  • ------1955. The medusae of the tropical west coast of Africa. Atlantide Report 3: 239-324.
  • ------1957. Hydromedusae of the Discovery Collections. Discovery Report 29: 1-128.
  • ------1959a. The Hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana Report 46: 1-283.
  • ------1959b. Medusae, mainly from the west coast of Africa. Memoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique 3 (6): 1-33.
  • ------1959c. Some new and little-known Indo-Pacific medusae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 121: 223-259.
  • ------1961. Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association 40: 1-469.
  • ------1962. Medusae of Vietnam. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 124: 305-366.
  • ------1965. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Dana Report 63: 1-162.
  • ------1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Dana Report 72: 1-200.
  • KUBOTA, S. 2000. Parallel, paedomorphic evolutionary processes of the bivalve-inhabiting hydrozoans (Eirenidae) deduced from morphology, life-cycle and biogeography, with special reference to taxonomic treatment of Eugymnanthea. Scientia Marina 64 (suppl. 1): 241-247.
  • LESSON, R.P. 1843. Histoire Naturelle des Zoophytes. Acalephes. Paris: Librairie encyclopedique de Roret.
  • LINKO, A. 1900. Observations sur les Meduses de la Mer Blanche. Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt- Peterburgskago Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei 29: 137-156.
  • LUTJEHARMS, J.R.E. 1996. The exchange of water between the South Indian and South Atlantic Oceans. In: Wefer, G., Berger, W.H., Siedler, G. & Webb, D.J., eds, The South Atlantic: present and past circulation. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 123-162.
  • LUTJEHARMS, J.R.E., COOPER, J.& ROBERTS, M. 2000. Dynamic upwelling at the inshore edge of the Agulhas Current. Continental Shelf Research 20: 737-761.
  • MAAS, O. 1904. Meduses provenant des Campagnes des Yachts "Hirondelle" et "Princesse Alice". Resultats des campagnes Scientifiques de Monaco 28: 1-71.
  • ------1905. Die Craspedoten Medusen des Sibiga Expedition. Siboga Expedition 10: 1-85.
  • MCCRADY, J. 1859. Gymnophtalma of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliot Society of Natural History of Charleston, South Carolina 1: 103-221.
  • MAYER, A.G. 1894. An account of some medusae obtained in the Bahamas. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 25 (11): 235-242.
  • ------1900a. Descriptions of new and little-known medusae from the western Atlantic. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 37 (1): 1-9.
  • ------1900b. Some Medusae from the Totugas, Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 37 (2): 13-82.
  • ------1910. Medusae of the World. Hydromedusae, Vols. I & II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution, pp. 1-735, pls 1-76.
  • MENON, M.G.K. 1932. The Hydromedusae of Madras. Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum 3: 1-32.
  • MICHEL, H.B., BEHBEHANI, M. & HERRING, D. 1986. Zooplankton of the W Arabian Gulf south of Kuwait waters. Kuwait Bulletin of Marine Science 8: 1-36.
  • MILLARD, N.A.H. 1975. Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa.Annals of the South African Museum 68: 1-513.
  • MILLS, C.E. 1995. Medusae, siphonophores, and ctenophores as planktivorous predators in changing global ecosystems. ICES Journal of Marine Sciences 52 (3-4): 575-581.
  • MILLS, C.E. & REES, J.T. 2000. New observations and corrections concerning the trio of invasive hydromedusae Maeotia marginata (=M. inexpectata), Blackfordia virginica and Moerisia sp. in San Francisco estuary. Scientia Marina 64: 151-155.
  • NAIR, K.K. 1951. Medusae of the Trivandrum coast. Part I. Systematics. Bulletin of the Research Institute of the University of Travancore, Series C 2: 47-75.
  • PAGES, F. 1992. Mesoscale coupling between planktonic cnidarians distribution and water masses during a temporal transition between active upwelling and abatement in the northern Benguela system. South African Journal of Marine Science 12: 41-52.
  • PAGES, F. & GILI, J.M. 1991.Effects of large-scale advective processes on gelatinous zooplankton populations in the northern Benguela ecosystem. Marine Ecology Progress Series 75: 205-215.
  • ------1992.Influence of Agulhas waters on the population structure of planktonic cnidarians in the southern Benguela Region. Scientia Marina 56: 109-123.
  • PAGES, F. & BOUILLON, J. 1997. A redescription of Paragotoea bathybia Kramp 1942 (Hydroidomedusae: Corymorphidae) with a new diagnosis for the genus. Scientia Marina 61: 487-493.
  • PAGES, F., VERHEYE, H.M, GILI, J.M & FLOS, J. 1991. Short-term effects of coastal upwelling and wind reversals on epiplanktonic cnidarians in the southern Benguela ecosystem.South African Journal of Marine Science 10: 203-211.
  • PAGES, F., GILI, J.M. & BOUILLON, J. 1992. Medusae (Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa) of the Benguela Current (South Eastern Atlantic). Scientia Marina 56: 1-64.
  • PARANAGUA, M.N. 1963. Sobre una nova occurrencia de Blackfordia virginica Mayer 1910 e Ostrumovia inkermanica Hadzi (1928) (Hydromedusae). Trabalhos do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Recife 5: 141-145.
  • PEARCE, A.F. & GRUNDLINGH, M.L. 1982. Is there a seasonal variation in the Agulhas Current? Journal of Marine Research 40: 177-184.
  • PERON, F. & LESUEUR, C.-A. 1810. Histoire generale et particuliere de tous les animaux qui composent la famille des Meduses. Annales du Museum d'histoire naturelle 14: 312-366.
  • PETERSEN, K.W. 1976. Fixation and preservation of planktonic Coelenterates. In: Steedman, H.F., ed., Zooplankton fixation and preservation. UNESCO, pp. 268-269.
  • PURCELL, J.E. 1991. A review of cnidarians and ctenophores feeding on competitors in the plankton. Hydrobiologia 216/217: 335-342.
  • PURCELL, J.E. & ARAI, M. 2001. Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review. Hydrobiologia 451: 27-44.
  • QUOY, J.R. & GAIMARD, J.P. 1833. Voyage de decouvertes de l'Astrolabe pendant les annees 1826-29 sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoologie 4: 1-390.
  • RANSON, G. 1933. Sur une Meduse de l'ocean Indien, Phortis pellucida (Will). Contribution a la revision de la famille Eucopidae Gegenbaur, 1856. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique de Monaco 628: 1-19.
  • RUSSELL, F.S. 1953. The medusae of the British Isles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • SANTHAKUMARI, V. 1970. The life cycle of Eutima commensalis sp. nov. (Eutimidae, Hydromedusae). Marine Biology 5: 113-118.
  • SARS, M. 1846. Fauna littoralis Norvegicae, I. Christiania: 1-94.
  • SCHLEYER, M. 1977. Chaetognaths as indicators of water masses in the Agulhas Current system. MSc dissertation, University of Natal, Durban.
  • SPARKS, C. & GIBBONS, M.J. 2003. Hydromedusae off the Orange River Mouth, Southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 25: 373-376.
  • STIASNY, G. 1928. Hydromedusen aus der Java-See. Zoologische Mededelingen 11: 206-226.
  • STONE, J.H. 1969. The chaetognath community of the Agulhas Current; its structure and related properties. Ecological Monographs 39: 433-463.
  • STRAMMA, L. & LUTJEHARMS, J.R.E. 1997. The flow field of the subtropical gyre in the South Indian Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 102: 5513-5530.
  • THIBAULT-BOTHA, D. & GIBBONS, M.J. 2005. Epipelagic siphonophores off the East Coast of South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 27: 12-139.
  • THIBAULT-BOTHA, D., LUTJEHARMS, J.R.E. & GIBBONS, M.J. 2004. Siphonophore assemblages along the East Coast of South Africa; mesoscale distribution and seasonal variations. Journal of Plankton Research 26: 1115-1128.
  • UCHIDA, T. 1925. Some Hydromedusae from northern Japan. Japanese Journal of Zoology 1: 77-100.
  • ------1927. Studies on Japanese Hydromedusae. I Anthomedusae.Journal of the Faculty of Science, Tokyo University (Zoology) 1: 145-241.
  • VAN DER SPOEL, S. & BLEEKER, J. 1988. Medusae from the Banda Sea and Aru Sea plankton, collected during the Snellies II Expedition, 1984-1985. Indo-Malayan Zoology 5: 161-202.
  • VANHOFFEN, E. 1911. Die Anthomedusen unde Leptomedusen der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898- 1899. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee Expedition 'Valdivia' 19: 191-233.
  • ------1912. Die Craspedoten Medusen der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901-1903.Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition 13: 351-395.
  • ------1913. Die Craspedoten Medusen des 'Vettor Pesani'. Zoologica, Stuttgart 67: 1-34.
  • VARGAS-HERNANDEZ, J.M. & OCHOA-FIGUERA, E. 1991. Un nuevo genero y descripcion de una nueva especie para le familia Tubulaiidae (Hidrozoa, Cnidaria) en el Pacifico mexicana. Brenesia 33: 75-80.