Published August 19, 2021 | Version v1
Journal article Restricted

The Triatoma phyllosoma species group (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), vectors of Chagas disease: Diagnoses and a key to the species

  • 1. Museo de Zoología 'Alfonso L. Herrera', Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico & larecorr@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7149-6379
  • 2. Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, 01480 Mexico City, Mexico & juan_01804@yahoo.com.mx; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8154-360X
  • 3. Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, 01480 Mexico City, Mexico & lestebanar@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-6200
  • 4. Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, 01480 Mexico City, Mexico & cerato_2000@yahoo.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7935-9758
  • 5. Museo de Zoología 'Alfonso L. Herrera', Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico

Description

Rengifo-Correa, Laura, Téllez-Rendón, Juan Luis, Esteban, Lyda, Huerta, Herón, Morrone, Juan J. (2021): The Triatoma phyllosoma species group (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), vectors of Chagas disease: Diagnoses and a key to the species. Zootaxa 5023 (3): 335-365, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.3.2

Files

Restricted

The record is publicly accessible, but files are restricted to users with access.

Linked records

Additional details

References

  • Abad-Franch, F., Monteiro, F.A., Pavan, M.G., Patterson, J.S., Bargues, M.D., Zuriaga, M.A., Aguilar, M., Beard, C.B., Mas-Coma, S. & Miles, M.A. (2021) Under pressure: Phenotypic divergence and convergence associated with microhabitat adaptations in Triatominae. Parasites & Vectors, 14, 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04647-z
  • Aguilar, R.A., Nogueda-Torres, B., Cortez-Jimenez, M., Jurberg, J., Galvao, C. & Carcavallo, R. (1999) Triatoma bassolsae sp. n. do Mexico, com uma chave para as especies do complexo "phyllosoma" (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 94, 353-359. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761999000300012
  • Amyot, C.J.B. & Serville, A. (1843) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Hemipteres. Librairie encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, LXXVI + 675 + 5 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8471
  • Banks, N. (1910) Catalogue of the Nearctic Hemiptera-Heteroptera. The American Entomological Society, Philadelphia, Indy, 103 + VIII pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12353
  • Barber, H.G. (1937) A new species of Triatoma from Arizona (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 39, 86-87.
  • Bargues, M.D., Klisiowicz, D.R., Gonzalez-Candelas, F., Ramsey, J.M., Monroy, C., Ponce, C., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Panzera, F., Abad-Franch, F., Sousa, O.E., Schofield, C.J., Dujardin, J.P., Guhl, F. & Mas-Coma, S. (2008) Phylogeography and genetic variation of Triatoma dimidiata, the main Chagas disease vector in Central America, and its position within the genus Triatoma. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2, e233. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000233
  • Blatchley, W.S. (1926) Heteroptera or true bugs of eastern North America, with special reference to the faunas of Indiana and Florida. The Nature Publishing Company, Indianapolis, 1116 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6871
  • Bern, C., Kjos, S., Yabsley, M.J. & Montgomery, S.P. (2011) Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas' disease in the United States. Clinical Microbiology Review, 24, 655-681. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00005-11
  • Bern, C., Messenger, L.A., Whitman, J.D. & Maguirec, J.H. (2020) Chagas disease in the United States: A public health approach. Clinical Microbiology Review, 33, e00023-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00023-19.
  • Burmeister, H. (1835) Handbuch der Entomologie. Vol. 2. Part 1. G. Reimer, Berlin, IV + 400 + 4 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8135
  • Carcavallo, R.U., Jurberg, J., Lent, H., Noireau, F. & Galvao, C. (2000) Phylogeny of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Proposals for taxonomic arrangements. Entomologia y Vectores, 7, 1-99.
  • Champion, G.C. (1899) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. 2. Published for the editors by R. H. Porter, London, XVI + 416 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.730
  • Davis, D.J., McGregor, T. & De Shazo, T. (1943) Triatoma sanguisuga (LeConte) and Triatoma ambigua Neiva as natural carriers of Trypanosoma cruzi in Texas. U. S. Public Health Service Report, 58, 353-354. https://doi.org/10.2307/4584383
  • De la Rua, N.M., Bustamante, D.M., Menes, M., Stevens, L., Monroy, C., Kilpatrick, C.W., Rizzo, D., Klotz, S.A., Schmidt, J., Axen, H.J. & Dorn, P.L. (2014) Towards a phylogenetic approach to the composition of species complexes in the North and Central American Triatoma, vectors of Chagas disease. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 24, 157-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2014.03.019
  • Del Ponte, E. (1930) Catalogo descriptivo de los generos Triatoma Lap., Rhodnius Stal, e Eratyrus Stal. Revista del Instituto Bacteriologico del Departamento Nacional de Higiene, 5, 855-937.
  • Dorn, P. L., Calderon, C., Melgar, S., Moguel, B., Solorzano, E., Dumonteil, E., Rodas, A., De la Rua, N., Garnica, R. & Monroy, C. (2009) Two distinct Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) taxa are found in sympatry in Guatemala and Mexico. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 3, e393. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000393
  • Dorn, P.L., De la Rua, N. M., Axen, H., Smith, N., Richards, B.R., Charabati, Suarez, J., Woods, A., Pessoa, R., Monroy, C., Kilpatrick, C. W. & Stevens, L. (2016) Hypothesis testing clarifies the systematics of the main Central American Chagas disease vector, Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811), across its geographic range. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 44, 431- 443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.046
  • Dorn, P.L., Justi, S.A., Dale, C., Stevens, L., Galvao, C., Lima-Cordon, R. & Monroy, C. (2018) Description of Triatoma mopan sp. n. from a cave in Belize (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). ZooKeys, 775, 69-95. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.775.22553
  • Dorn, P, Monroy C. & Curtis, A. (2007) Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811): A review of its diversity across its geographic range and the relationship among populations. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 7, 343-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2006.10.001
  • Dujardin, J.P., Costa, J., Bustamante, D., Jaramillo, N. & Catala, S. (2009) Deciphering morphology in Triatominae: The evolutionary signals. Acta Tropica, 110, 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.09.026
  • Eads, R.B. (1957) An unusual Triatoma feeding record. Journal of Parasitology, 43, 27. https://doi.org/10.2307/3274747
  • Espinoza, B., Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Villalobos, G., De La Torre, P., Laclette, J.P. & Martinez-Hernandez, F. (2013) Genetic variation of North American triatomines (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae): Initial divergence between species and populations of Chagas disease vector. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 88, 275-284. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0105
  • Froeschner, R.C. (1944) Contributions to a synopsis of the Hemiptera of Missouri. Part III. The American Midland Naturalist Journal, 31, 638-683. https://doi.org/10.2307/2421413
  • Galvao, C., Carcavallo, R., Rocha D.D.S. & Jurberg, J. (2003) A checklist of the current valid species of the subfamily Triatominae Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and their geographical distribution, with nomenclatural and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa, 202 (1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.202.1.1
  • Garcia, M., Menes, M., Dorn, P.L., Monroy, C., Richards, B., Panzera, F. & Bustamante, D.M., (2013) Reproductive isolation revealed in preliminary crossbreeding experiments using field collected Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from three ITS-2 defined groups. Acta Tropica, 128, 714-718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.09.003
  • GBD (2018) Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. (2018) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Bureau of Disease Study 2017. Lancet, 392, 1789-858. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7
  • Georgieva, A.Y., Gordon, E.R.L. & Weirauch, C. (2017) Sylvatic host associations of Triatominae and implications for Chagas disease reservoirs: A review and new host records based on archival specimens. PeerJ 5, e3826. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3826
  • Gomez-Palacio, A. & Triana, O. (2014) Molecular evidence of demographic expansion of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in Colombia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8, e2734. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002734
  • Herrera-Aguilar, M., Be-Barragan, L.A., Ramirez-Sierra, M.J., Tripet, F., Dorn, P. & Dumonteil, E. (2009) Identification of a large hybrid zone between sympatric sibling species of Triatoma dimidiata in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, and its epidemiological importance. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 9, 1345-1351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2009.09.009
  • Herrich-Schaeffer, G.A.W. (1848) Die Wanzenartigen Insecten. Vol. 8. In der C.H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 130 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11547
  • Hypsa, V., Tietz, D., Zrzavy, J., Rego, R.O., Galvao, C. & Jurberg, J. (2002) Phylogeny and biogeography of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae): Molecular evidence of a New World origin of the asiatic clade. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 23, 447-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00023-4
  • Hoffmann, W.H. (1922) Sobre la presencia de Rhodnius prolixus Stal en Cuba y su importancia medica. Sanidad y Beneficencia, 27, 263-266.
  • Howard, L.O. (1900) The insects to which the name "kissing bug" became applied during the summer of 1899. Bulletin U. S. Department Agriculture, 22, 24-30.
  • Islas, F. (1941) Observaciones acerca del desarrollo y caracteres morfologicos de Triatoma picturata Usinger. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, 12, 311-326.
  • Justi, S.A., Cahan, S., Stevens, L., Monroy, C., Lima-Cordon, R. & Dorn, P L. (2018) Vectors of diversity: Genome wide diversity across the geographic range of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata sensu lato (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 120, 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.016
  • Kieran, T.J., Gordon, E.R.L., Zaldivar-Riveron, A., Ibarra-Cerdena, C.N., Glenn, T.C. & Weirauch, C. (2021) Ultraconserved elements reconstruct the evolution of Chagas disease-vectoring kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae). Systematic Entomology, 4 (3), 725-740. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12485
  • Kimball, B.S. (1896) Conorhinus sanguisugus-its habits and life-history. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 14, 128-131. https://doi.org/10.2307/3623926
  • Kirkaldy, G.W. (1900) Bibliographical and nomenclatorial notes on the Rhynchota. No. 1. Entomologist, 33, 238-243. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.3888
  • Kirkaldy, G.W. (1907) Biological notes on the Hemiptera of the Hawaiian Isles. No. 1. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 1, 135-161.
  • Larrousse, F. (1926) Description de deux especes nouvelles du genre Triatoma: T. carrioni n. sp., et T. pintoi n. sp. Annals of Parasitology, 4, 136-139. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1926042136
  • Laporte, F.L. (1832-1833) Essai d'une classification systematique de l'ordre des Hemipteres (Hemipteres Heteropteres, Latr.). Magazine de Zoologie, Guerin, 2, 88.
  • LeConte, J.L. (1855) Remarks on two species of American Cimex. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 7, 404.
  • Lent, H. (1951) Triatoma longipes Barber, 1937, um sinonimo de Triatoma recurva (Stal, 1868). Ciencia, Mexico, 11, 156-158.
  • Lent, H., Jurberg, J. & Galvao, C. (1994) Revalidacao do genero Mepraia, Mazza Gajardo & Jorg, 1940 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 89, 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761994000300008
  • Lent, H. & Wygodzinsky, P. (1979) Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and their significance as vector of Chagas' disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 163, 123-520.
  • Lima, A. da Costa (1940) Insetos do Brasil. Vol. 2. Hemipteros. Escola Nacional de Agronomia Serie Didactica, No. 3, 1-351. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.97953
  • Lima-Cordon, R.A., Monroy, M.C., Stevens, L., Rodas, A., Rodas, G.A., Dorn, P.L. & Justi, S.A. (2019) Description of Triatoma huehuetenanguensis sp. n., a potential Chagas disease vector (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Zookeys, 820, 51-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.820.27258
  • Mallet, J. (2005) Hybridization as an invasion of the genome. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 20, 229-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2005.02.010
  • Mallet, J. (2020) Alternative views of biological species: Reproductively isolated units or genotypic clusters? National Science Review, 7, 1401-1407. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa116
  • Marcilla, A., Bargues, M.D., Ramsey, J.M., Magallon-Gastelum, E., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Abad-Franch, F., Dujardin, J.-P., Schofield, C.J. & Mas-Coma, S. (2001) The ITS-2 of the nuclear rDNA as a molecular marker for populations, species, and phylogenetic relationships in Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 18, 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2000.0864
  • Marlatt, C.L. (1896) The bedbug and cone-nose. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, New Series, Bulletin 4, 32-42.
  • Martinez, A., Carcavallo, R.U. & Pelaez, D. (1984) Triatoma brailovskyi, nueva especie de Triatominae en Mexico. Chagas, 1, 39-42.
  • Martinez, A., Carcavallo, R.U. & Juberg, J. (1994) Triatoma gomeznunezi a new species of Triatomini from Mexico (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Entomologia y Vectores, 1, 15-19.
  • Martinez, F.H., Villalobos, G.C., Cevallos, A.M., De la Torre, P., Laclette, J.P., Alejandre-Aguilar, R. & Espinoza, B. (2006) Taxonomic study of the Phyllosoma complex and other triatomine (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae) species of epidemiological importance in the transmission of Chagas disease: Using ITS-2 and mtCytB sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 41, 279-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.002
  • Martinez-Hernandez, F., Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Catala, S., Villalobos, G., De la Torre, P., Laclette, J.P., Alejandre-Aguilar, R. & Espinoza, B. (2010) Natural crossbreeding between sympatric species of the Phyllosoma complex (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae) indicate the existence of only one species with morphologic and genetic variations. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 82, 74-82. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0272
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Grant-Guillen, Y., Ventura-Rodriguez, L.V., Osorio-Pelayo, P.D., Macias-Amezcua, M.D., Meillon-Isais, K., Alejandre-Aguilar, R., Rodriguez-Bataz, E. & Nogueda-Torres, B. (2011a) Biological and genetic aspects of crosses between species of the genus Meccus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae Triatominae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 106, 293-300. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762011000300007
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Grant-Guillen, Y., Delgadillo-Aceves, I.N., Zumaya-Estrada, F.A., Rocha-Chavez, G., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Alejandre-Aguilar, R., Villalobos, G. & Nogueda-Torres, B. (2011b) Biological and genetic aspects of crosses between phylogenetically close species of Mexican triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 48, 705- 707. https://doi.org/10.1603/ME10159
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Nogueda-Torres, B., Cardenas-De la Cruz, M.A., Villagran, M.E., De Diego-Cabrera, J.A. & Bustos-Saldana, R. (2015a) Biological parameters of interbreeding subspecies of Meccus phyllosomus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in western Mexico. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 105, 763-770. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485315000759
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Nogueda-Torres, B., Licon-Trillo, A., Alejandre-Aguilar, R., Salazar-Schettino, P.M. & Vences-Blanco, M.O. (2015b) Biological aspects of crosses between Triatoma recurva (Stal), 1868 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) and other members of the Phyllosoma complex. Journal of Vector Ecology, 40, 117-122. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12139
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Nogueda-Torres, B., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Cabrera-Bravo, M., Vences-Blanco, M.O. & Rocha-Chavez, G. (2016) Transmission capacity of Trypanosoma cruzi (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) by three subspecies of Meccus phyllosomus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) and their hybrids. Journal of Medical Entomology, 53, 928-934. https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjw041
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Nogueda-Torres, B., Salazar-Montano, L.F, Garcia-Lino, J.C., Arroyo-Reyes, D. & Hernandez-Navarro, J.A. (2017) Comparison of biological fitness in crosses between subspecies of Meccus phyllosomus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in southern Mexico. Insect Science, 24, 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12246
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Nogueda-Torres, B., Vences, M.O., Tapia-Gonzalez, J.M. & Espinoza-Gutierrez, B. (2009) Occurrence of hybrids and laboratory evidence of fertility among three species of the Phyllosoma complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Mexico. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 104, 1125-1131. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762009000800009
  • Martinez-Ibarra, J.A., Ventura-Rodriguez, L. V., Meillon-Isais, K., Barajas-Martinez, H., Alejandre-Aguilar, R., Lupercio-Coronel, P., Rocha-Chavez, G. & Nogueda-Torres, B. (2008) Biological and genetic aspects of experimental hybrids from species of the Phyllosoma complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 103, 236-243. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762008000300002
  • Mas-Coma, S. & Bargues, M.D. (2009) Populations, hybrids and the systematic concepts of species and subspecies in Chagas disease triatomine vectors inferred from nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA. Acta Tropica, 110, 112-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.10.013
  • Mazza, S. (1944) Sobre la iconografia original de Panstrongylus geniculatus y Triatoma dimidiata. Mision de Estudios de Patologia Regional Argentina, Publicacion, 67, 62-63.
  • Mazza, S., Gajardo, R. & Jorg, M.E. (1940) Mepraia novum genus de Triatomidae. Mepraia spinolai (Porter) 1933, nov. comb., redescripcion del macho y descripcion de la hembra. Mision de Estudios de Patologia Regional Argentina, Publicacion, 44, 3-30.
  • Mazzotti, L. (1939) Infeccion natural por Trypanosoma cruzi en otra especie de Triatoma. Medicina, Revista Mexicana, 19, 197- 199.
  • Mazzotti, L. (1940). Una especie rara de Triatoma. Triatoma mexicana (H. Schaeffer, 1848). Medicina, Revista Mexicana, 359, 127-131.
  • Mazzotti, L. (1943) Triatoma phyllosoma usingeri, a new subspecies of Triatoma from Mexico. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 19, 81-85.
  • Mazzottii, L. & Osorio, M.T. (1942) Cruzamientos experimentales entre varias especies de triatominos. Medicina, Revista Mexicana, 412, 215-219.
  • Meraz-Medina, T., Nogueda-Torres, B., Ceballos-Rodriguez, R.S., Godinez-Aceves, K.C. & Martinez-Ibarra, J.A. (2019). Enhancing fitness in offspring of crosses between two triatomine species. Journal of Vector Ecology, 44, 173-178. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12341
  • Monteiro, F.A., Peretolchina, T., Lazoski, C., Harris, K., Dotson, E.M., Abad-Franch, F., Tamayo, E., Pennington, P.M., Monroy, C., Cordon-Rosales, C., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Gomez-Palacio, A., Grijalva, M.J., Beard, C.B. & Marcet, P.L. (2013) Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata. PLoS ONE, 8, e70974. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070974
  • Monteiro, F.A., Weirauch, C., Felix, M., Lazoski, C. & Abad-Franch, F. (2018). Evolution, systematics, and biogeography of the Triatominae, vectors of Chagas disease. Advances in Parasitology, 99, 265-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.apar.2017.12.002
  • Neiva, A. (1911) Notas de entomologia medica. Duas novas especies norte-americanas de hemipteros hematophagos. Brasil- Medico, 25, 421-422.
  • Neiva, A. (1912) Notas de entomologia medica e descricao de duas novas especies de Triatomas norte-americanas. Brasil-Medico, 26, 21-22.
  • Neiva, A. (1914) Revisao do genero Triatoma Lap. Thesis, Faculdade de Medicina, Rio de Janeiro, 80 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.97815
  • Neiva, A. & Lent, H. (1940) Sobre um novo triatomideo chileno: Triatomaptera porteri. Nota previa. Brasil-Medico, 54, 265- 267.
  • Neiva, A. & Lent, H. (1941) Sinopse dos Triatomideos. Revista de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, 12, 61-92.
  • Olsen, P.F. (1966) Epizoology of Chagas' disease in the southeastern United States-with particular emphasis on the Trypanosoma cruzi -Triatoma sanguisuga -Didelphis marsupialis complex in Alabama. Wildlife Diseases, 47, 1-108.
  • Packchanian, A. (1939) Natural infection of Triatoma gerstaeckeri with Trypanosoma cruzi in Texas. Public Health Reports, 54, 1547-1554. https://doi.org/10.2307/4582999
  • Pech-May, A., Mazariegos-Hidalgo, C.J., Izeta-Alberdi1,A., Lopez-Cancino,A., Tun-Ku1, E., De la Cruz-Felix, K, Ibarra-Cerdena, C.N., Gonzalez Ittig, R.E. & Ramsey, J.M. (2019) Genetic variation and phylogeography of the Triatoma dimidiata complex evidence a potential center of origin and recent divergence of haplogroups having differential Trypanosoma cruzi and DTU infections. PLoS Neglected and Tropical Diseases, 13, e0007044. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007044
  • Pinto, C. (1926) Classificacao dos Triatomideos (Hemipteros-Heteropteros hematophagos). Sciencia Medica, Rio de Janeiro, 4, 485-490.
  • Pinto, C. (1927) Classification de genres d'Hemipteres de la famille Triatomidae (Reduvidioidea). Boletim Biologico, Sao Paulo, 8, 103-114.
  • Pinto, C. (1931) Valor do rostro e antenas na caracterizacao dos generos de Triatomideos. Hemiptera, Reduvidioidea. Boletim Biologico, Sao Paulo, 19, 45-136.
  • Pfeiler, E., Bitler, B.G., Ramsey, J.M., Palacios-Cardiel, C. & Markow, T.A. (2006) Genetic variation, population structure, and phylogenetic relationships of Triatoma rubida and T. recurva (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from the Sonoran Desert, insect vectors of the Chagas' disease parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 41, 209-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.001
  • Ramsey, J.M., Peterson, A.T., Carmona-Castro, O., Moo-Llanes, D.A., Nakazawa, Y., Butrick, M., Tun-Ku, E., de la Cruz-Felix, K. & Ibarra-Cerdena, C.N. (2015) Atlas of Mexican Triatominae (Reduviidae: Hemiptera) and vector transmission of Chagas disease. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 110, 339-352. https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760140404
  • Readio, P.A. (1927) Studies on the biology of the Reduviidae of America north of Mexico. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 17, 5-291.
  • Rengifo-Correa, L., Abad-Franch, F., Martinez-Hernandez, F., Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Tellez-Rendon, J.L., Villalobos, G. & Morrone, J.J. (2021) A biogeographic-ecological approach to disentangle reticulate evolution in the Triatoma phyllosoma species group (Heteroptera: Triatominae), vectors of Chagas disease. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 59, 94-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12409
  • Rengifo-Correa,L., Stephens,C.R., Morrone,J.J., Tellez-Rendon,J.L. & Gonzalez-Salazar,C. (2017) Understanding transmissibility patterns of Chagas disease through complex vector-host networks. Parasitology, 144, 760-772. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182016002468
  • Ryckman, R.E. & Ryckman, A.E. (1967) Epizootiology of Trypanosoma cruzi in southwestern North America. Part X: The biosystematics of Dipetalogaster maximus in Mexico (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 4, 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/4.2.180
  • Rodrigues, J.M.D.S., Moreira, F.F.F., Deckert, J. & Galvao, C. (2020) List of the type specimens of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) in the Hemimetabola Collection of the Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin. Zootaxa, 4809 (2), 329- 348. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4809.2.5
  • Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Rojas-Wastavino, G., Rosales Pina, J.S., Vences-Blanco, M. & Cabrera-Bravo, M. (2013) Triatoma mexicana Herrich-Schaeffer (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Descripcion de la genitalia externa del macho y morfologia externa de la hembra. EntomoBrasilis, 6, 68-73. https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v6i1.275
  • Santos, S.S., De Araujo, R.V., Giarolla, J., Seoud, O.E. & Ferreira, E.I. (2020) Searching for drugs for Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis: A review. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 55, 105906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105906
  • Schofield, C.J. & Galvao, C. (2009) Classification, evolution, and species groups within the Triatominae. Acta Tropica, 110, 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.01.010
  • Stal, C. (1859) Monographie der Gattung Conorhinus und Verwandten. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 99-117. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18590030202
  • Stal, C. (1865) Hemiptera Africana. Vol. 3. Ex officina Norstedtiana, Stockholm, 200 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8566
  • Stal, C. (1868) Hemiptera Fabriciana. Pars 1. Heteroptera. Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 7, 1-148.
  • Stal, C. (1872) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Pars 2. Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 10, 1-159. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12549
  • Stal, C. (1874) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Pars 4. Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 12, 1-186. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12549
  • Tellez-Garcia, A.A., Bello-Bedoy, R. Enriquez-Vara, J.N. Cordoba-Aguilar,A., Gutierrez-Cabrera, A.E. (2019) Genital morphology and copulatory behavior in triatomine bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae). Arthropod Structure & Development, 49, 103-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2018.11.012
  • Templeton, A.R. (1989). The meaning of species and speciation - a genetic perspective. In: Otte, D., Endler, J.A. (Eds.), Speciation and its consequences. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, pp. 3-27.
  • Templeton, A.R. (2001) Using phylogeographic analyses of gene trees to test species status and processes. Molecular Ecology, 10, 779-791. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01199.x
  • Usinger, R.L. (1939) Descriptions of new Triatominae with a key to genera (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). University of California Publications in Entomology, 7, 33-56.
  • Usinger, R.L. (1941) Notes and descriptions of Neotropical Triatominae. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 17, 49-57.
  • Usinger, R.L. (1944) The Triatominae of North and Central America and the West Indies and their public health significance. Public Health Bulletin, 288, 1-83.
  • Usinger, R.L., Wygodzinsky, P. & Ryckman, R.E. (1966) The biosystematics of Triatominae. Annual Review of Entomology, 11, 308-330. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.11.010166.001521
  • Van Duzee, E.P. (1917) Catalogue of the Hemiptera of America north of Mexico, excepting the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae. University of California Publications in Entomology. Vol 2. University of California press, Berkeley, California, 902 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7789
  • Villalobos, G., Martinez-Hernandez, F. de la Torre, P., Laclette, J.P. & Espinoza, B. (2011) Entomological indices, feeding sources, and molecular identification of Triatoma phyllosoma (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) one of the main vectors of chagas disease in the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85, 490-497. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0508
  • Walker, F. (1873a) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Part 7. Printed for the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 213 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9254
  • Walker, F. (1873b) Catalogue of the specimens of Hemiptera Heteroptera in the collection of the British Museum. Part 8. Printed for the Trustees of the British Museum, London, 220 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9254
  • Walsh, B.D. & Riley, C.V. (1869) The parasites of the human animal. American Entomologist, 1, 84-88.
  • Zarate, L.G. & Zarate, R.J. (1985) A checklist of the Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) of Mexico. International Journal of Entomology, 27, 102-127.