Biodiversity Literature Repository

Submit to community
Liberated Data
Published October 6, 2017 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Globally threatened vertebrates on islands with invasive species

Creators

  • 1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. & Island Conservation, 2100 Delaware Avenue, Suite A, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.
  • 2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.
  • 3. Island Conservation, 2100 Delaware Avenue, Suite A, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. & Institute of Marine Sciences,UCSC,Santa Cruz,CA 95060, USA.
  • 4. BirdLife International,David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB23QZ, UK. & Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23EJ, UK.
  • 5. Institute for Environmental Protection and Research,and Chair of the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist Group, Via V. Brancati 48, Rome 00144, Italy.
  • 6. Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F.04510, México.
  • 7. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. & Conservation Metrics, UCSC Coastal Science Campus, 145 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.

Description

Spatz, Dena R., Zilliacus, Kelly M., Holmes, Nick D., Butchart, Stuart H. M., Genovesi, Piero, Ceballos, Gerardo, Tershy, Bernie R., Croll, Donald A. (2017): Globally threatened vertebrates on islands with invasive species. Science Advances 3 (10): 1-12, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603080, URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1603080

Files

source.pdf

Files (1.7 MB)

Name Size Download all
md5:748d52aa2123f5e961adc2fcf5b6ef1b
1.7 MB Preview Download

Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

LSID
urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:FF8DFFAA2123FFE9FFADFFFCFFB6EF1B

Has part
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.14767290 (DOI)
Dataset: 10.5281/zenodo.15159995 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.14767292 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.14767294 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.14767296 (DOI)
Dataset: 10.5281/zenodo.15159997 (DOI)
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.14767298 (DOI)
Dataset: 10.5281/zenodo.15159999 (DOI)

References

  • 1. G. M. Mace, K. Norris, A. H. Fitter, Biodiversity and ecosystem services: A multilayered relationship. Trends Ecol. Evol. 27, 19-26 (2012).
  • 2. G. Ceballos, P. R. Ehrlich, A. D. Barnosky, A. Garcia, R. M. Pringle, T. M. Palmer, Accelerated modern human -induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction. Sci. Adv. 1, e1400253 (2015).
  • 3. J. Rockstrom, W. Steffen, K. Noone, A. Persson, F. S. Chapin III, E. Lambin, T. Lenton, M. Scheffer, C. Folke, H. J. Schellnhuber, B. Nykvist, C. A. de Wit, T. Hughes, S. van der Leeuw, H. Rodhe, S. Sorlin, P. K. Snyder, R. Costanza, U. Svedin, M. Falkenmark, L. Karlberg, R. W. Corell, V. J. Fabry, J. Hansen, B. Walker, D. Liverman, K. Richardson, P. Crutzen, J. A. Foley, Planetary boundaries: Exploring the safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461, 472-475 (2009).
  • 4. United Nations, "Sustainable Development Goals" (2015); www.un.org/ sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/.
  • 5. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, "Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020. COP 10 Outcomes" (Nagoya, Japan, 2010); www.cbd.int/cop10/doc/ default.shtml.
  • 6. D. Dudgeon, A. H. Arthington, M. O. Gessner, Z.-I. Kawabata, D. J. Knowler, C. Leveque, R. J. Naiman, A.-H. Prieur-Richard, D. Soto, M. L. J. Stiassny, C. A. Sullivan, Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 81, 163-182 (2006).
  • 7. B. R. Tershy, K.-W. Shen, K. M. Newton, N. D. Holmes, D. A. Croll, The importance of islands for the protection of biological and linguistic diversity. Bioscience 65, 592-597 (2015).
  • 8. UNEP-WCMC, "Global distribution of islands. Global Island Database (version 2.1, November 2015). Based on Open Street Map data (© OpenStreetMap contributors)" (Cambridge, UK, 2015); www. unep-wcmc.org.
  • 9. G. Kier H. Kreft, T. M. Lee, W. Jetz, P. L. Ibisch, C. Nowicki, J. Mutke, W. Barthlott, A global assessment of endemism and species richness across island and mainland regions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 9322-9327 (2009).
  • 10. H. Kreft, W. Jetz, J. Mutke, G. Kier, W. Barthlott, Global diversity of island floras from a macroecological perspective. Ecol. Lett. 11, 116-127 (2008).
  • 11. International Union for Conservation Nature, "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" (2013); www.iucnredlist.org/.
  • 12. T. M. Blackburn, P. Cassey, R. P. Duncan, K. L. Evans, K. J. Gaston, Avian extinction and mammalian introductions on oceanic islands. Science 305, 1955-1958 (2004).
  • 13. F. M. Medina, E. Bonnaud, E. Vidal, B. R. Tershy, E. S. Zavaleta, C. J. Donlan, B. S. Keitt, M. Le Corre, S. V. Horwath, M. Nogales, A global review of the impacts of invasive cats on island endangered vertebrates. Glob. Chang. Biol. 17, 3503-3510 (2011).
  • 14. D. Simberloff, Invasive Species, in Conservation Biology for All, N. S. Sodhi, P. R. Ehrlich, Eds. (Oxford Univ. Press Inc., 2010), pp. 131-152.
  • 15. D. T. Blumstein, J. C. Daniel, The loss of anti-predator behaviour following isolation on islands. Proc. Biol. Sci. 272, 1663-1668 (2005).
  • 16. E. O. Wilson, R. H. MacArthur, Theory of Island Biogeography (Princeton Univ. Press, 1967).
  • 17. T. S. Doherty, A. S. Glen, D. G. Nimmo, E. G. Ritchie, C. R. Dickman, Invasive predators and global biodiversity loss. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, 11261-11265 (2016).
  • 18. C. Bellard, P. Cassey, T. M. Blackburn, Alien species as a driver of recent extinctions. Biol. Lett. 12, 20150623 (2016).
  • 19. R. Dirzo, H. S. Young, M. Galletti, G. Ceballos, N. J. B. Isaac, B. Collen, Defaunation in the Anthropocene. Science 345, 401-406 (2014).
  • 20. D. A. Croll, J. L. Maron, J. A. Estes, E. M. Danner, G. V. Byrd, Introduced predators transform subarctic islands from grassland to tundra. Science 307, 1959-1961 (2005).
  • 21. T. Fukami, D. A. Wardle, P. J. Bellingham, C. P. H. Mulder, D. R. Towns, G. W. Yeates, K. I. Bonner, M. S. Durrett, M. N. Grant- Hoffman, W. M. Williamson, Above- and below-ground impacts of introduced predators in seabird-dominated island ecosystems. Ecol. Lett. 9, 1299-1307 (2006).
  • 22. S. A. Temple, Plant-animal mutualism: Coevolution with dodo leads to near extinction of plant. Science 197, 885-886 (1977).
  • 23. D. M. Hansen, M. Galetti, The forgotten megafauna. Science 324, 42-43 (2009).
  • 24. C. E. Aslan, E. S. Zavaleta, B. Tershy, D. Croll, Mutualism disruption threatens global plant biodiversity: A systematic review. PLOS ONE 8, e66993 (2013).
  • 25. M. Hoffmann, C. Hilton-Taylor, A. Angulo, M. Bohm, T. M. Brooks, S. H. M. Butchart, K. E. Carpenter, J. Chanson, B. Collen, N. A. Cox, W. R. T. Darwall, N. K. Dulvy, L. R. Harrison, V. Katariya, C. M. Pollock, S. Quader, N. I. Richman, A. S. L. Rodrigues, M. F. Tognelli, J.-C. Vie, J. M. Aguiar, D. J. Allen, G. R. Allen, G. Amori, N. B. Ananjeva, F. Andreone, P. Andrew, A. L. Aquino Ortiz, J. E. M. Baillie, R. Baldi, B. D. Bell, S. D. Biju, J. P. Bird, P. Black-Decima, J. J. Blanc, F. Bolanos, W. Bolivar-G., I. J. Burfield, J. A. Burton, D. R. Capper, F. Castro, G. Catullo, R. D. Cavanagh, A. Channing, N. L. Chao, A. M. Chenery, F. Chiozza, V. Clausnitzer, N. J. Collar, L. C. Collett, B. B. Collette, C. F. Cortez Fernandez, M. T. Craig, M. J. Crosby, N. Cumberlidge, A. Cuttelod, A. E. Derocher, A. C. Diesmos, J. S. Donaldson, J. W. Duckworth, G. Dutson, S. K. Dutta, R. H. Emslie, A. Farjon, S. Fowler, J. Freyhof, D. L. Garshelis, J. Gerlach, D. J. Gower, T. D. Grant, G. A. Hammerson, R. B. Harris,L. R. Heaney, S. B. Hedges, J.-M. Hero, B. Hughes, S. A. Hussain, J. Icochea M., R. F. Inger, N. Ishii, D. T. Iskandar, R. K. B. Jenkins, Y. Kaneko, M. Kottelat, K. M. Kovacs, S. L. Kuzmin, E. La Marca, J. F. Lamoreux, M. W. N. Lau, E. O. Lavilla, K. Leus, R. L. Lewison, G. Lichtenstein, S. R. Livingstone, V. Lukoschek, D. P. Mallon, P. J. K. McGowan, A. McIvor, P. D. Moehlman, S. Molur, A. Munoz Alonso, J. A. Musick, K. Nowell, R. A. Nussbaum, W. Olech, N. L. Orlov, T. J. Papenfuss, G. Parra-Olea, W. F. Perrin, B. A. Polidoro, M. Pourkazemi, P. A. Racey, J. S. Ragle, M. Ram, G. Rathbun, R. P. Reynolds, A. G. J. Rhodin, S. J. Richards, L. O. Rodriguez, S. R. Ron, C. Rondinini, A. B. Rylands, Y. Sadovy de Mitcheson, J. C. Sanciangco, K. L. Sanders, G. Santos-Barrera, J. Schipper, C. Self-Sullivan, Y. Shi, A. Shoemaker, F. T. Short, C. Sillero-Zubiri, D. L. Silvano, K. G. Smith, A. T. Smith, J. Snoeks, A. J. Stattersfield, A. J. Symes, A. B. Taber, B. K. Talukdar, H. J. Temple, R. Timmins, J. A. Tobias, K. Tsytsulina, D. Tweddle, C. Ubeda, S. V. Valenti, P. P. van Dijk, L. M. Veiga, A. Veloso, D. C. Wege, M. Wilkinson, E. A. Williamson, F. Xie, B. E. Young, H. R. Akcakaya, L. Bennun, T. M. Blackburn, L. Boitani, H. T. Dublin, G. A. B. da Fonseca, C. Gascon, T. E. Lacher Jr., G. M. Mace, S. A. Mainka, J. A. McNeely, R. A. Mittermeier, G. M. Reid, J. P. Rodriguez, A. A. Rosenberg, M. J. Samways, J. Smart, B. A. Stein, S. N. Stuart, The impact of conservation on the status of the world' s vertebrates. Science 330, 1503-1509 (2010).
  • 26. R. Grenyer, C. D. L. Orme, S. F. Jackson, G. H. Thomas, R. G. Davies, T. J. Davies, K. E. Jones, V. A. Olson, R. S. Ridgely, P. C. Rasmussen, T.-S. Ding, P. M. Bennett, T. M. Blackburn, K. J. Gaston, J. L. Gittleman, I. P. F. Owens, Global distribution and conservation of rare and threatened vertebrates. Nature 444, 93-96 (2006).
  • 27. C.N. Jenkins, S. L. Pimm, L. N. Joppa, Global patterns of terrestrial vertebrate diversity and conservation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110, E2602-E2610 (2013).
  • 28. C. Aslan, N. Holmes, B. Tershy, D. Spatz, D. A. Croll, Benefits to poorly studied taxa of conservation of bird and mammal diversity on islands. Conserv. Biol. 29, 133-142 (2015).
  • 29. C. H. Sekercioglu, G. C. Daily, P. R. Ehrlich, Ecosystem consequences of bird declines. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101, 18042-18047 (2004).
  • 30. J. L. Smith, C. P. H. Mulder, J. C. Ellis, Seabirds as ecosystem engineers: Nutrient inputs and physical disturbance, in Seabird Islands: Ecology, Invasion, and Restoration, C. P. H. Mulder, W. B. Anderson, D. R. Towns, P. J. Bellingham, Eds. (Oxford Univ. Press Inc., 2011), pp. 27-55.
  • 31. C. J. Donlan, K. Campbell, W. Cabrera, C. Lavoie, V. Carrion, F. Cruz, Recovery of the Galapagos rail (Laterallus spilonotus) following the removal of invasive mammals. Biol. Conserv. 138, 520-524 (2007).
  • 32. D. L. Whitworth, H. R. Carter, F. Gress, Recovery of a threatened seabird after eradication of an introduced predator: Eight years of progress for Scripps' s murrelet at Anacapa Island, California. Biol. Conserv. 162, 52-59 (2013).
  • 33. H. P. Jones, N. D. Holmes, S. H. M. Butchart, B. R. Tershy, P. J. Kappes, I. Corkery, A. Aguirre-Munoz, D. P. Armstrong, E. Bonnaud, A. A. Burbidge, K. Campbell, F. Courchamp, P. E. Cowan, R. J. Cuthbert, S. Ebbert, P. Genovesi, G. R. Howald, B. S. Keitt, S. W. Kress, C. M. Miskelly, S. Oppel, S. Poncet, M. J. Rauzon, G. Rocamora, J. C. Russell, A. Samaniego-Herrera, P. J. Seddon, D. R. Spatz, D. R. Towns, D. A. Croll, Invasive mammal eradication on islands results in substantial conservation gains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, 4033-4038 (2016).
  • 34. Convention on Biological Diversity, "X/2. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020" (Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, 2010), pp. 1-13; www.cbd.int/decision/cop/?id=12268.
  • 35. L. N. Joppa, B. O' Connor, P. Visconti, C. Smith, J. Geldmann, M. Hoffmann, J. E. M. Watson, S. H. M. Butchart, M. Virah-Sawmy, B. S. Halpern, S. E. Ahmed, A. Balmford, W. J. Sutherland, M. Harfoot, C. Hilton-Taylor, W. Foden, E. Di Minin, S. Pagad, P. Genovesi, J. Hutton, N. D. Burgess, Filling in biodiversity threat gaps. Science 352, 416-418 (2016).
  • 36. T. H. Ricketts, E. Dinerstein, T. Boucher, T. M. Brooks, S. H. M. Butchart, M. Hoffmann, J. F. Lamoreux, J. Morrison, M. Parr, J. D. Pilgrim, A. S. L. Rodrigues, W. Sechrest, G. E. Wallace, K. Berlin, J. Bielby, N. D. Burgess, D. R. Church, N. Cox, D. Knox, C. Loucks, G. W. Luck, L. L. Master, R. Moore, R. Naidoo, R. Ridgely, G. E. Schatz, G. Shire, H. Strand, W. Wettengel, E. Wikramanayake, Pinpointing and preventing imminent extinctions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102, 18497-18501 (2005).
  • 37. Threatened Island Biodiversity Database Partners, The Threatened Island Biodiversity Database, developed by Island Conservation, University of California Santa Cruz Coastal Conservation Action Lab, BirdLife International, and IUCN Invasive Species Specialist Group. Version 2016.1 (2016); http://tib.islandconservation. org.
  • 38. R. H. MacArthur, E. O. Wilson, The Theory of Island Biogeography (Princeton Univ. Press, 1967).
  • 39. J. M. Jeschke, P. Genovesi, Do biodiversity and human impact influence the introduction or establishment of alien mammals? Oikos 120, 57-64 (2011).
  • 40. W. E. Duellman, L. Trueb, Biology of Amphibians (John Hopkins Univ. Press, 1994).
  • 41. R. F. Inger, H. K. Voris, The biogeographical relations of the frogs and snakes of Sundaland. J. Biogeogr. 28, 863-891 (2016).
  • 42. A. Waldron, A. O. Mooers, D. C. Miller, N. Nibbelink, D. Redding, T. S. Kuhn, J. T. Roberts, J. L. Gittleman, Targeting global conservation funding to limit immediate biodiversity declines. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110, 12144-12148 (2013).
  • 43. D. W.Steadman, Extinction and Biogeography of Tropical Pacific Birds (Chicago Univ. Press,2006).
  • 44. J. K. Szabo, N. Khwaja, S. T. Garnett, S. H. M. Butchart, Global patterns and drivers of avian extinctions at the species and subspecies level. PLOS ONE 7, 1-9 (2012).
  • 45. BirdLife International, Data Zone (2013); available at www.birdlife.org/datazone.
  • 46. J. Parkes, E. Murphy, Management of introduced mammals in New Zealand. New Zeal. J. Zool. 30, 335-359 (2003).
  • 47. J. L. Moore, T. M. Rout, C. E. Hauser, D. Moro, M. Jones, C. Wilcox, H. P. Possingham, Protecting islands from pest invasion: Optimal allocation of biosecurity resources between quarantine and surveillance. Biol. Conserv. 143, 1068-1078 (2010).
  • 48. J. C. Russell, D. R. Towns, M. N. Clout, Review of Rat Invasion Biology: Implications for Island Biosecurity (Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand, 2008).
  • 49. I. A. E. Atkinson, The spread of commensal species of Rattus to oceanic islands and their effects on island avifaunas, in Conservation of Island Birds: Case Studies for the Management of Threatened Island Species, P. J. Moors, Ed. (International Council for Bird Preservation, 1985), pp. 35-81.
  • 50. Database of Island Invasive Species Eradications (DIISE), developed by Island Conservation, Coastal Conservation Action Laboratory UCSC, IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, University of Auckland and Landcare Research New Zealand (2015); http: //diise.islandconservation.org/).
  • 51. E. E. McCreless, D. D. Huff, D. A. Croll, B. R. Tershy, D. R. Spatz, N. D. Holmes, S. H. M. Butchart, C. Wilcox, Past and estimated future impact of invasive alien mammals on insular threatened vertebrate populations. Nat. Commun. 7, 12488 (2016).
  • 52. S. H. M. Butchart, A. J. Stattersfield, N. J. Collar, How many bird extinctions have we prevented? Oryx 40, 266-278 (2006).
  • 53. D. W. Steadman, Prehistoric extinctions of Pacific island birds: Biodiversity meets zooarchaeology. Science 267, 1123-1131 (1995).
  • 54. S. Oppel, B. M. Beaven, M. Bolton, J. Vickery, T. W. Bodey, Eradication of invasive mammals on islands inhabited by humans and domestic animals. Conserv. Biol. 25, 232-240 (2011).
  • 55. N. Myers, R. A. Mittermeier, C. G. Mittermeier, G. A. B. da Fonseca, J. Kent, Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403, 853-858 (2000).
  • 56. J. Geldmann, L. N. Joppa, N. D. Burgess, Mapping change in human pressure globally on land and within protected areas. Conserv. Biol. 28, 1604-1616 (2014).
  • 57. S. L. Pimm, C. N. Jenkins, R. Abell, T. M. Brooks, J. L. Gittleman, L. N. Joppa, P. H. Raven, C. M. Roberts, J. O. Sexton, The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science 344, 1246752 (2014).
  • 58. R. J. Whittaker, J. M. Fernandez-Palacios, Island Biogeography: Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation (Oxford Univ. Press, 2007).
  • 59. P. Genovesi, C. Carboneras, M. Vila, P. Walton, EU adopts innovative legislation on invasive species: A step towards a global response to biological invasions? Biol. Invasions 17, 1307-1311 (2015).
  • 60. G. Howald, C. J. Donlan, J. P. Galvan, J. C. Russell, J. Parkes, A. Samaniego, Y. Wang, D. Veitch, P. Genovesi, M. Pascal, A. Saunders, B. Tershy, Invasive rodent eradication on islands. Conserv. Biol. 21, 1258-1268 (2007).
  • 61. F. Courchamp, J.-L. Chapuis, M. Pascal, Mammal invaders on islands: Impact, control and control impact. Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 78, 347-383 (2003).
  • 62. K. Campbell, C. J. Donlan, Feral goat eradications on islands. Conserv. Biol. 19, 1362-1374 (2005).
  • 63. E. T. Game, G. Lipsett- Moore, R. Hamilton, N. Peterson, J. Kereseka, W. Atu, M. Watts, H. Possingham, Informed opportunism for conservation planning in the Solomon Islands. Conserv. Lett. 4, 38-46 (2011).
  • 64. M. Bode, C. M. Baker, M. Plein, Eradicating down the food chain: Optimal multispecies eradication schedules for a commonly encountered invaded island ecosystem. J. Appl. Ecol. 52, 571-579 (2015).
  • 65. UNEP CBD, Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, COP 10 (2010), p. 13; www.cbd.int/decision/cop/?id=12268).
  • 66. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, in Global Biodiversity Outlook 4 (Montreal, 2014), p. 155.
  • 67. D. P. Tittensor, M. Walpole, S. L. L. Hill, D. G. Boyce, G. L. Britten, N. D. Burgess, S. H. M. Butchart, P. W. Leadley, E. C. Regan, R. Alkemade, R. Baumung, C. Bellard, L. Bouwman, N. J. Bowles-Newark, A. M. Chenery, W. W. L. Cheung, V. Christensen, H. D. Cooper, A. R. Crowther, M. J. R. Dixon, A. Galli, V. Gaveau, R. D. Gregory, N. L. Gutierrez, T. L. Hirsch, R. Hoft, S. R. Januchowski-Hartley, M. Karmann, C. B. Krug, F. J. Leverington, J. Loh, R. K. Lojenga, K. Malsch, A. Marques, D. H. W. Morgan, P. J. Mumby, T. Newbold, K. Noonan-Mooney, S. N. Pagad, B. C. Parks, H. M. Pereira, T. Robertson, C. Rondinini, L. Santini, J. P. W. Scharlemann, S. Schindler, U. R. Sumaila, L. S. L. Teh, J. van Kolck, P. Visconti, Y. Ye, A mid-term analysis of progress toward international biodiversity targets. Science 346, 241-244 (2014).
  • 68. J. Dawson, S. Oppel, R. J. Cuthbert, N. Holmes, J. P. Bird, S. H. M. Butchart, D. R. Spatz, B. Tershy, Prioritizing islands for the eradication of invasive vertebrates in the United Kingdom overseas territories. Conserv. Biol. 29, 143-153 (2015).
  • 69. L. A. de Wit, D. A. Croll, B. Tershy, K. M. Newton, D. R. Spatz, N. D. Holmes, A. M. Kilpatric, Estimating burdens of neglected tropical zoonotic diseases on islands with introduced mammals. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 96, 749-757 (2017).
  • 70. M. D. Spalding, H. E. Fox, G. R. Allen, N. C. Davidson, Z. A. Ferdana, M. Finlayson, B. S. Halpern, M. A. Jorge, A. Lombana, S. A. Lourie, K. D. Martin, E. McManus, J. Molnar, C. A. Recchia, J. Robertson, Marine ecoregions of the world: A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. Bioscience 57, 573-583 (2007).
  • 71. D. M. Olson, E. Dinersteing, The Global 200: Priority ecoregions for global conservation. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 89, 199-224 (2002).
  • 72. International Monetary Foundation, World Economic Outlook Database (2015); www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/index.aspx.
  • 73. The World Bank, World Bank Open Data (2015); http://data.worldbank.org/.
  • 74. Invasive Species Specialist Group, Global Invasive Species Database (2013); www.issg.org/database).
  • 75. S. Lowe, M. Browne, S. Boudjelas, M. De Poorter, 100 of the World' s Worst Invasive Alien Species: A selection from the Global Invasive Species Database (IUCN Invasive Species Specialist Group, 2000).
  • 76. IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group, "About Invasive Species" (2011); www.issg.org/about_is.htm.
  • 77. D. R. Spatz, K. M. Newton, R. Heinz, B. Tershy, N. D. Holmes, S. H. M. Butchart, D. A. Croll, The biogeography of globally threatened seabirds and island conservation opportunities. Conserv. Biol. 28, 1282-1290 (2014).
  • 78. M. P. Marchetti, T. Engstrom, The conservation paradox of endangered and invasive species. Conserv. Biol. 30, 434-437 (2016).
  • 79. F. Yildirim, A. Kaya, Selecting map projections in minimizing area distortions in GIS applications. Sensors 8, 7809-7817 (2008).
  • 80. A. S. L. Rodrigues, J. D. Pilgrim, J. F. Lamoreux, M. Hoffmann, T. M. Brooks, The value of the IUCN Red List for conservation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 21, 71-76 (2006).
  • 81. G. M. Mace, N. J. Collar, K. J. Gaston, C. Hilton- Taylor, H. R. Akcakaya, N. Leader- Williams, E. J. Milner- Gulland, S. N. Stuart, Quantification of extinction risk: IUCN' s system for classifying threatened species. Conserv. Biol. 22, 1424-1442 (2008).
  • 82. S. H. M. Butchart, A. J. Stattersfield, L. A. Bennun, S. M. Shutes, H. R. Akcakaya, J. E. M. Baillie, S. N. Stuart, C. Hilton-Taylor, G. M. Mace, Measuring global trends in the status of biodiversity: Red list indices for birds. PLOS Biol. 2, e383 (2004).
  • 83. A. Farina, N. Pieretti, The soundscape ecology: A new frontier of landscape research and its application to islands and coastal systems. J. Mar. Isl. Cult. 1, 21-26 (2012).
  • 84. A. L. Borker, M. W. McKown, J. T. Ackerman, C. A. Eagles- Smith, B. R. Tershy, D. A. Croll, Vocal activity as a low cost and scalable index of seabird colony size. Conserv. Biol. 28, 1100-1108 (2014).
  • 85. W. Turner, Sensing biodiversity. Science 346, 301-302 (2014).
  • 86. D.Simberloff,J.-L.Martin,P.Genovesi,V.Maris,D. A.Wardle,J.Aronson, F. Courchamp, B. Gali, E. Garcia-Berthou, M. Pascal, P. PySek, R. Sousa, E. Tabacchi, M. Vila, Impacts of biological invasions: What' s what and the way forward. Trends Ecol. Evol. 28, 58-66 (2013).